如何提升初中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)課文的復(fù)述能力

張阿莉

摘要：英語(yǔ)課文復(fù)述能力的培養(yǎng)是發(fā)展學(xué)生語(yǔ)言綜合運(yùn)用能力的最好踐行。那么，如何提升初中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)課文的復(fù)述能力？這里有五種方法。

關(guān)鍵詞：思維導(dǎo)圖;列表格;問(wèn)題;文本圖片

隨著課改的不斷推進(jìn)，作為初中英語(yǔ)教師，我們?cè)絹?lái)越意識(shí)到對(duì)學(xué)生能力培養(yǎng)的重要性。那么，對(duì)于英語(yǔ)這門(mén)課而言，也就是要不斷地培養(yǎng)和提升學(xué)生聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)這四個(gè)方面的技能。而在這四個(gè)技能當(dāng)中，我們知道，聽(tīng)的和讀的都是別人的東西（這是輸入的過(guò)程），只有說(shuō)出的和寫(xiě)出的（這是輸出的過(guò)程）才是自己的東西。由此可見(jiàn)，對(duì)于學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)而言，聽(tīng)、讀是基礎(chǔ)，只有把自己的所聽(tīng)、所讀和所想通過(guò)大腦加工之后表達(dá)出來(lái)，也就是具備了說(shuō)和寫(xiě)的能力，才真正達(dá)到了《課標(biāo)》所提出的培養(yǎng)學(xué)生綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的要求。這也正是語(yǔ)言學(xué)科的學(xué)習(xí)目的所在。而對(duì)于學(xué)生英語(yǔ)課文復(fù)述能力的培養(yǎng)和提升，則是對(duì)這一要求和目的最好踐行，因?yàn)檫@種方法是在扎實(shí)學(xué)生語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)之上，提升他們的表達(dá)能力的。

那么，如何才能提升初中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)課文的復(fù)述能力呢？經(jīng)過(guò)這些年對(duì)于冀教版英語(yǔ)教材的研究和在英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)中的探索與實(shí)踐，我總結(jié)了以下五種方法：

第一、利用關(guān)鍵詞提示（key words）復(fù)述課文。這種方法就是老師把一篇英語(yǔ)課文當(dāng)中的重點(diǎn)詞匯梳理出來(lái)提供給學(xué)生進(jìn)行課文復(fù)述。這種方法對(duì)于老師來(lái)說(shuō)，操作起來(lái)簡(jiǎn)單方便。而且既能練習(xí)和鞏固學(xué)生所學(xué)課文的重點(diǎn)詞匯，又能加強(qiáng)學(xué)生對(duì)課文內(nèi)容的理解和記憶。下面我就以冀教版八下unit6 lesson31：Don’t Fall， Danny！ 為例來(lái)做以說(shuō)明。

Key words：???????? stand on one foot

set a world record?? ?? 8 hours

3 minutes??????????????? ?? 7hours 57minutes

break the world record?????????? ????? champion

too long??; ??? be late for

gathering ??? relative??????? chicken

put down ??? on two feet

The retelling of the text：

Today Danny stands on one foot because he wants to set a new world record. The record is eight hours. He has been standing for three minutes and feels tired. So after seven hours fifty-seven minutes， he can break the record. He thinks that’s too long and he will be late for supper. His family will have a gathering and many relatives are coming. His mother is cooking chicken and he loves chicken. So he puts his foot down and go home on two feet.

第二、利用思維導(dǎo)圖（mind map）復(fù)述課文。這種方法即通過(guò)教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分析課文思路，理出文章整體框架，從而制定出思維導(dǎo)圖。因?yàn)檫@種方法既有利于學(xué)生把握文章整體脈絡(luò)，又有利于他們對(duì)重點(diǎn)部分的識(shí)記，所以很受教師和學(xué)生的青睞。我個(gè)人也最喜歡使用這種方法，因?yàn)樗軐⒔處煹慕虒W(xué)設(shè)計(jì)和教學(xué)水平提升到一個(gè)新的高度。下面我就以冀教版八下unit3 lesson17：Save The Tigers 為例來(lái)做以說(shuō)明。

The mind map：

in the forest

Save The Tigers???? orange fur dark strips

symbols of strength courage

a volunteer group to save tigers

?????? the number of… is quickly decreasing

????????? hunt kill for money

????????? …cut down… as well

?????? are important to the environment

???????? at the top of …

???????? keep … in balance…

The retelling of the text：

Tigers live in the forest. They have orange fur and dark strips. They are symbols of strength and courage. There is a

volunteer group named Save The Tigers. They hope to save tigers

because the number of tigers is quickly decreasing. They are in danger of going extinct. Why？ There are two reasons. One is for some people hunt and kill tigers for money. The other is for people have cut down a lot of trees as well， tigers lose their homes. However， tigers are important to the environment. They are at the top of the food chain and keep the number of other wild animals. So we must do something to protect them.

第三、利用列表格復(fù)述課文。這種方法需要教師按課文的某一線索來(lái)列出表格，對(duì)文章內(nèi)容條理化，對(duì)文章的脈絡(luò)和邏輯順序化，然后引導(dǎo)學(xué)生深入課文完成表格填寫(xiě)。這種方法最大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)就是能讓人對(duì)龐雜的文片一目了然，所以也是比較受教師歡迎的。下面我就以冀教版八下unit2 lesson11：Amazing Plants 為例來(lái)做以說(shuō)明。

The table about the text：

The retelling of the text：

Today we learned about four kinds of amazing plants： a flying flower， a shy plant， a laughing tree and a living fossil. A flying flower lives in eastern Asia. They look like flying egrets. A shy plant lives in South America， China and other countries. When something touches its leaves， they close up tightly. After a few minutes， they open up again. A laughing tree lives in the middle of Africa. The fruit of this tree has a hole in it. If the wind blows， it “l(fā)aughs”. A living fossil lives in the southwest of Africa. It has only two leaves and a stem. The two leaves continue to grow for its whole life. It can live as long as 1500 years.

第四、利用問(wèn)題復(fù)述課文。這種方法要求教師按照課文事件發(fā)展的順序或步驟，提出一系列與文章內(nèi)容相關(guān)的問(wèn)題，進(jìn)而引導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀課文并板書(shū)問(wèn)題的答案，然后將這些答案按順序用一些恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞串聯(lián)起來(lái)就是對(duì)整篇課文的復(fù)述。此方法尤其適用于記敘文和說(shuō)明文并極易操作，因此也是教師管用的一種方法。下面我就以冀教版八下unit3 lesson16：The Bear Escape！ 為例來(lái)做以說(shuō)明。

The questions about the text：

1. What festival was it today in the text？

2. What did Jenny and Brian want to for Danny？

3. How did they do it？

4. How did Danny feel at first？

5. What did Danny feel and do when he heard the bear is coming for his donuts？

6. What did he soon realized？

The retelling of the text：

Today was April Fool’s Day. Jenny and Brian want to play a trick on Danny. Danny was sleeping. They wake him up and told him a bear escaped from the zoo. At first， Danny wasn’t scared and felt happy. When he heard the bear was coming for his donuts， he was scared and told everyone to run. But he soon realized they were playing a joke on him.

以上就是我個(gè)人在平時(shí)的教學(xué)實(shí)踐中，總結(jié)出來(lái)的幾種英語(yǔ)課文的復(fù)述方法。當(dāng)然教無(wú)定法，學(xué)無(wú)止境！只要我們用心教學(xué)、潛心研究，方法一定還有很多很多?？偠灾?，在英語(yǔ)教學(xué)這條路上，只要各位英語(yǔ)教師想方設(shè)法，引領(lǐng)學(xué)生不斷鉆研探究，學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)課文復(fù)述能力一定會(huì)得到大幅度提升的！