[摘要] 目的 對(duì)胰十二指腸切除手術(shù)中應(yīng)用套入式胰腸吻合的臨床效果進(jìn)行分析。 方法 方便擇取該院2012年1月—2016年1月接收的行胰十二指腸切除術(shù)患者20例作為研究組,術(shù)中實(shí)施套入捆綁式胰腸吻合;同時(shí)擇取同期20例行胰十二指腸切除術(shù)實(shí)施常規(guī)吻合患者作為對(duì)照組進(jìn)行對(duì)照分析,觀察兩組患者血清淀粉酶變化、手術(shù)時(shí)間、住院時(shí)間以及術(shù)后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況。結(jié)果 研究組患者手術(shù)時(shí)間以及住院時(shí)間與對(duì)照組比較,均明顯較短,組間數(shù)據(jù)差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);研究組患者術(shù)后胰瘺發(fā)生率為10.00%,顯著低于對(duì)照組的25.00%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);研究組患者血清淀粉酶水平顯著低于對(duì)照組,組間數(shù)據(jù)差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 應(yīng)用胰十二指腸切除術(shù)中實(shí)施套入捆綁式胰腸吻合術(shù)后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生機(jī)率更小,可縮短患者手術(shù)與住院時(shí)間,提高血清淀粉酶,值得臨床應(yīng)用與推廣。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 胰十二指腸切除;套入式胰腸吻合;臨床療效
[中圖分類號(hào)] R5 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1674-0742(2017)02(a)-0046-03
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the clinical effect of invaginated intestinal anastomosis in the pancreaticoduodenectomy. Methods 20 cases of patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy admitted and treated in our hospital from January 2012 to January 2016 were convenient selected as the research group and were given the binding intestinal anastomosis, and 20 cases of patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy at the same period were selected as the control group and were given the routine anastomosis, and the serum diastasum diastace change, operation time, length of stay and incidence rate of postoperative complications of the two groups were observed. Results The operation time and length of stay in the research group were obviously shorter than those in the control group, and the differences between groups had statistical significance(P<0.05), the incidence rate of postoperative pancreatic fistula in the research group was obviously lower than that in the control group, (10.00% vs 25.00%), and the difference had statistical significance(P<0.05), and the serum diastasum diastace level in the research group was obviously lower than that in the control group, and the difference between groups had statistical significance(P<0.05). Conclusion The application of invaginated intestinal anastomosis in the pancreaticoduodenectomy can make the incidence rate of postoperative complications smaller, which can shorten the operation time and length of stay of patients, improve the serum diastasum diastace, and it is worth clinical promotion and application.
[Key words] Pancreaticoduodenectomy; Invaginated intestinal anastomosis; Clinical curative effect
在臨床中胰十二指腸切除術(shù)屬于手術(shù)范圍廣、臟器切除多且危險(xiǎn)性高與術(shù)后并發(fā)癥多的疑難手術(shù)。而術(shù)中胰腸的吻合是要求最高同時(shí)也是最關(guān)鍵的步驟之一,術(shù)中吻合操作的好壞對(duì)術(shù)后胰瘺出現(xiàn)有著直接的關(guān)系,因此胰腸吻合技術(shù)對(duì)胰十二指腸切除術(shù)十分重要,應(yīng)用高效、簡(jiǎn)便的胰腸吻合一直是臨床研究的重點(diǎn)[1-2],該次研究為探討套入式胰腸吻合的臨床應(yīng)用效果,對(duì)40例行胰十二指腸切除術(shù)的患者進(jìn)行分析,取得結(jié)果甚為滿意,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
方便擇取該院2012年1月—2016年1月接收的行胰十二指腸切除術(shù)患者40例,按胰腸吻合方式不同分為2組,對(duì)照組20例,男性11例,女性9例,年齡50~70歲,平均年齡(63.24±2.45)歲;研究組20例,男性10例,女性10例,年齡49~70歲,平均年齡(63.01±2.52)歲;兩組患者基線資料對(duì)比差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。全部患者均符合相關(guān)病理診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),自愿參與該次研究且簽署知情同意書,無相關(guān)藥物過敏史,無嚴(yán)重凝血功能障礙與其他嚴(yán)重并發(fā)癥。
1.2 方法
研究組行胰十二指腸切除術(shù)套入捆綁式胰腸吻合:患者胰腺斷端游離約3 cm??漳c斷端3 cm的范圍之內(nèi)應(yīng)用石炭酸棉球在腸腔之內(nèi)進(jìn)行擦拭,對(duì)黏膜的分泌功能進(jìn)行破壞,再應(yīng)用生理鹽水與酒精進(jìn)行清洗,應(yīng)用絲線將翻轉(zhuǎn)空?qǐng)鲳つづc胰腺殘端縫合1周,操作中注意防止針線穿透腸壁漿肌層,再將胰管后唇包入后排的縫合之中;把空腸恢復(fù)原狀,將胰腺斷端套入至空腸之內(nèi),再應(yīng)用絲線縫合胰腺組織與空腸斷原。使用可吸收線與距離空腸斷緣約1.5~2.0 cm處經(jīng)環(huán)狀結(jié)扎套入胰腺殘端空腸,對(duì)結(jié)扎線的適宜程度以能經(jīng)血管鉗尖端為度,操作過程中對(duì)空腸斷端供血注意保護(hù)[3-6]。對(duì)照組僅在胰十二指腸切除術(shù)中實(shí)施常規(guī)胰腸吻合。
1.3 觀察指標(biāo)
觀察兩組患者M(jìn)AP變化、手術(shù)時(shí)間、住院時(shí)間以及術(shù)后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況。
1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)方法
該研究全部數(shù)據(jù)都釆用SPSS 17.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件實(shí)施統(tǒng)計(jì)處理,計(jì)量資料用(x±s)表示,行t檢驗(yàn),計(jì)數(shù)資料用率(%)表示,行χ2檢驗(yàn),以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2 結(jié)果
2.1 兩組患者手術(shù)時(shí)間與住院時(shí)間對(duì)比情況
研究組患者手術(shù)時(shí)間以及住院時(shí)間與對(duì)照組比較,均明顯較短,組間數(shù)據(jù)差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表1。
2.2 兩組患者血清淀粉酶水平變化對(duì)比情況
研究組患者血清淀粉酶水平顯著低于對(duì)照組比較,組間數(shù)據(jù)差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表2。
2.3 兩組患者術(shù)后胰瘺發(fā)生情況
研究組患者術(shù)后胰瘺發(fā)生率為10.00%,顯著低于對(duì)照組的25.00%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表3。
3 討論
近年來,隨著社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展,人口老齡化的家具,十二指腸癌、胰頭癌以及膽總管下段癌等多種惡性病變出現(xiàn)機(jī)率不斷上升,對(duì)患者生命健康造成了嚴(yán)重威脅,同時(shí)也對(duì)其生活質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生了一定的影響,對(duì)其治療臨床主要以手術(shù)為主[7-9];而胰十二指腸切除手術(shù)屬于外科手術(shù)中較為復(fù)雜的手術(shù)之一,其并發(fā)癥胰瘺在各外科手術(shù)中也屬于較為嚴(yán)重且常見的并發(fā)癥之一,胰液術(shù)后漏入患者腹腔之內(nèi),對(duì)周圍組織產(chǎn)生腐蝕消化,從而導(dǎo)致不易控制感染與致命性大出血,嚴(yán)重者甚至導(dǎo)致患者死亡。據(jù)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),胰十二指腸切除術(shù)后發(fā)生胰瘺的機(jī)率月在5%~25%之間;發(fā)生胰瘺的主要原因是由于胰腸吻合口出現(xiàn)破裂,亦或者是由于吻合口腸壁缺血性壞死以及胰腺縫針處的胰液出現(xiàn)外漏等[10-13]。
胰十二指腸切除術(shù)中胰腸吻合術(shù)式較多,對(duì)患者術(shù)后并發(fā)癥產(chǎn)生的影響不一,該次研究中對(duì)套入式胰腸吻合的臨床療效進(jìn)行研究分析,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),胰十二指腸切除術(shù)中應(yīng)用套入式胰腸吻合的患者術(shù)后胰瘺的發(fā)生機(jī)率明顯低于應(yīng)用常規(guī)胰腸吻合術(shù)式的患者;且對(duì)其手術(shù)時(shí)間、住院時(shí)間進(jìn)行調(diào)查總結(jié)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn),胰十二指腸切除術(shù)中應(yīng)用套入式胰腸吻合的患者手術(shù)時(shí)間與住院時(shí)間均較短,血清淀粉酶水平與應(yīng)用常規(guī)胰腸吻合術(shù)式的患者比較明顯降低。馬晉平等[14]學(xué)者對(duì)套入式胰腸吻合在胰十二指腸切除術(shù)中效果進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果也發(fā)現(xiàn)其胰瘺發(fā)生機(jī)率相對(duì)較低,該次研究結(jié)果與馬晉平等學(xué)者研究結(jié)果基本一致。
綜上所述,應(yīng)用胰十二指腸切除術(shù)中實(shí)施套入捆綁式胰腸吻合術(shù)后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生機(jī)率更小,可縮短患者手術(shù)與住院時(shí)間,提高血清淀粉酶。
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(收稿日期:2016-11-10)
[作者簡(jiǎn)介] 吳潤(rùn)芝(1974.2-),男,江蘇沭陽人,本科,副主任醫(yī)師,研究方向:肝膽外科。