安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)第二附屬醫(yī)院，安徽，中國

安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)第二附屬醫(yī)院，安徽，中國

該醫(yī)療區(qū)是合肥安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)第二臨床學(xué)院校園規(guī)劃擴(kuò)展的一部分。通過醫(yī)療區(qū)規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)競賽的機(jī)遇，進(jìn)一步整合原有肌理，改善原有校園空間景觀環(huán)境的不足，為整個(gè)校園帶來一個(gè)高潮的結(jié)尾。在醫(yī)療區(qū)的規(guī)劃中引入了兩條景觀綠化帶：水平綠化帶區(qū)分教學(xué)區(qū)與醫(yī)療區(qū)；豎向綠化帶強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)校的主軸線，設(shè)計(jì)成林蔭花園。這條景觀綠化帶一側(cè)布置醫(yī)療綜合樓，另一側(cè)布置傳染樓和輔助用房。主廣場為門診、行政辦公及探視參觀人流服務(wù)，次廣場為急診、急救人流服務(wù)。

醫(yī)療綜合樓分為門診部、醫(yī)技部、住院部、行政辦公四大部分，每部分功能單元都有屬于自己的共享空間。16m寬的“醫(yī)院街”聯(lián)系起教學(xué)樓與醫(yī)療綜合樓。鮮花店、禮品店、書店、超市及美容等公共服務(wù)設(shè)施布置在“街”兩側(cè)?！搬t(yī)院街”接待病人和訪客，由此可以到達(dá)任何想去的地方。其西側(cè)3個(gè)性格迥異的方形共享空間成為醫(yī)療綜合樓的最大特色：一個(gè)4層高的共享中庭、一個(gè)種植綠化的屋頂花園、一個(gè)宜人的園林景觀內(nèi)院。主入口東側(cè)的行政辦公樓與住院部之間有一個(gè)開敞的景觀水池廣場，與門診中庭形成連續(xù)的視覺景觀。住院部一層設(shè)有咖啡廳，這里將成為病人、訪客、醫(yī)生的交流中心。人們?cè)谘刂搬t(yī)院街”穿越建筑時(shí)會(huì)經(jīng)歷一系列層次豐富的空間變化。這些人性化的公共空間設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)化了醫(yī)院的社區(qū)化功能，好像一個(gè)微縮城市。

通過醫(yī)院街及3個(gè)方形院落空間組成的公共空間體系把其他各功能體塊有機(jī)地聯(lián)系成為一個(gè)整體。我們把醫(yī)技分成兩個(gè)部分。一部分是與門診密切的常規(guī)科技醫(yī)技部門，如臨床檢查、功能檢查，設(shè)置在公共空間體系的西側(cè)。另一部分為高科技醫(yī)技部門，如影像中心、手術(shù)部，共同布置在公共空間體系的東側(cè)。住院部由于要考慮兩期分布設(shè)成兩個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立的護(hù)理單元樓，把與手術(shù)部聯(lián)系不密切的病區(qū)移至二期住院大樓，血液凈化中心及放射性同位素治療區(qū)在一層北側(cè)分別設(shè)有獨(dú)立出入口。同時(shí)，由產(chǎn)休部、分娩部、新生兒部組成的產(chǎn)科設(shè)置在二層，與三層的手術(shù)室、重癥監(jiān)護(hù)ICU形成垂直便捷聯(lián)系?？祻?fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)中心、病理檢驗(yàn)與信息中心安排在住院部四層。在西側(cè)裙房設(shè)置了帶有獨(dú)立屋頂花園的VIP病區(qū)。

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: 孟建民，邢立華，侯軍，王麗娟，吳蓮花/MENG Jianmin， XING Lihua， HOU Jun，WANG Lijuan， WU Lianhua

用地面積/Site Area: 126，000m2

建筑面積/Floor Area: 122，000m2

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Time: 2004

1 總平面/Site plan

2 外立面/Facade

3 醫(yī)院街/Te Promenade

4 外景/Exterior view

5 外景/Exterior view

6 地下一層平面/Floor B1 plan

7 首層平面/Floor 1 plan

Te medical area is an extension to the original campus of the Second Clinic School of Anhui Medical University. Te design competition for this extension helps the campus to further integrate the medical system into its architecture and improve the spatial quality of the campus. Two green belts are introduced to complex: the horizontal green belt separates the education zone from the medical zone；the vertical one， designed to be a shade garden，highlights the university's main axis. On one side of the vertical green belt situated the medical complex and on the other side， the infection building and the subsidiary quarters. Te main square consists of walk-in clinics， administrative ofces and reception for inpatient visitors， while the secondary square serves as an emergency diagnosis and circulation.

8 二層平面/Floor 2 plan

9 三層平面/Floor 3 plan

The medical complex has four major parts: clinics， technical department， inpatient department and administrative office. Each part has its own communal space. Te 16m wide medical Promenade connects the education building with the medical complex. Flower shops， gift shops， bookstores，supermarkets and beauty salons are lined up on both sides of the street. Te Promenade is designed with an open circulation allowing both visitors and patients to move freely through the space. On the west part of the Promenade， there are three rectangular communal spaces， each with distinct configuration. They are the main features of the Promenade: a four-story communal atrium， a roof garden， and a pleasant inner courtyard. Located to the east of the main entrance， between the administrative ofces and the inpatient building， a spacious fountain plaza is designed and is visually connected with the clinics' courtyard. Traversing through the Promenade， one would experience its sensuous spatiality through layers of architectural elements. The communal spaces with focus on the experience of the visitors enhance the sense of community in this healthcare facility， essentially turning the hospital into a miniature city.

The Promenade and the three rectangular communal spaces united the rest of the programs to an organic whole. The technical department isdivided into two: the clinic-related conventional technical department branch which includes clinical examination and function testing unit is placed at the west side of the public space； the high-tech branch including media center and operating rooms， is placed at the east. The inpatient department is divided into two relatively independent nursing units， with the two surgical developmental stages taken into account. Te ward area which is not so closely related to the surgical department is moved to the phase 2 inpatient building. Blood purification center and radioisotope treatment center are on the north of the First Floor， each with independent entrances and exits. Obstetrics， including the department of maternity in waiting， labor department and the neonatal department， is on the second foor allowing direct access to the surgical department and the ICU on the Tird Floor. Rehabilitation sports center，pathology and information center are on the Fourth Floor of the inpatient building. The ward zone with independent roof garden for VIP inpatients is located on the west side.

10 外景/Exterior view

11 內(nèi)景/Interior view

評(píng)論

呂志鵬：筆者曾參觀安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)第二附屬醫(yī)院，有一些片面的現(xiàn)場感受。就整體規(guī)劃而言，其建筑與周圍城市肌理相協(xié)調(diào)，尺度適宜。院前的廣場，考慮了大量病人及家屬赴診、等候及休憩的需求。立面設(shè)計(jì)簡潔卻不失變化，裙房柱廊構(gòu)筑了良好的室內(nèi)外過渡空間?！搬t(yī)療街”概念的運(yùn)用弱化了傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)院的緊張?bào)w驗(yàn)。超市、商店與餐廳分立兩側(cè)，使人們仿佛置身街市，全無醫(yī)院特有的匆忙與雜亂的氣氛?！搬t(yī)療街”作為醫(yī)院的主樞紐，串聯(lián)各主要功能空間，將病患從進(jìn)入院區(qū)起即根據(jù)不同需求分流，緩解室內(nèi)，特別是門診大廳的交通壓力及擁擠狀況，且為醫(yī)護(hù)人員和患者提供短暫停留和交流的空間，并為兩側(cè)的室內(nèi)注入自然光。設(shè)計(jì)的另一大亮點(diǎn)是自然景觀的運(yùn)用。依據(jù)循證設(shè)計(jì)理論，自然元素有顯著的療愈作用。西側(cè)的中庭、庭院、VIP病房的屋頂花園和東側(cè)的水景與綠地為舒緩病患及醫(yī)護(hù)人員的緊張情緒創(chuàng)造了良好的環(huán)境條件。醫(yī)院的各主要功能版塊，如手術(shù)、影像及ICU等相互位置考慮周到，易達(dá)性強(qiáng)。對(duì)于如何錦上添花，筆者有幾點(diǎn)愚見：單側(cè)病房的設(shè)計(jì)使醫(yī)務(wù)人員步行距離過長，影響護(hù)理效率；在室內(nèi)適當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用吸音材料，可部分減少門診與病房現(xiàn)有的噪音；對(duì)于保護(hù)病人（特別是急救和手術(shù)病人）隱私，可考慮臺(tái)前和幕后的做法。誠然，這些都與政府政策、甲方的理念、預(yù)算、管理和運(yùn)作密切相關(guān)，往往不是建筑師能左右的。綜上所述，安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)第二附屬醫(yī)院設(shè)計(jì)不失為近10年來在“醫(yī)院城”和“醫(yī)療街”理念的實(shí)踐上少有的佳作。

12 六層平面/Floor 6 plan

13.14 內(nèi)景/Interior views

15 外景/Exterior view

Comments

LYU Zhipeng: I have visited the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and got some feelings of my own. In terms of its overall planning，the building is harmonious with the surrounding urban fabric， and the scale is suitable as well. The plaza in front of the hospital meets the demand from a large number of patients and their family members going to consultation. The fa?ade design is simple but full of change. The podium colonnade forms a nice transition between indoor and outdoor space. The application of "medical street" concept has mitigated the traditional hospital experience of tension. In fact， supermarket， shops and restaurants are located on both sides of this "medical street" to bring some market-like atmosphere which is totally diferent from such rush and chaos as usually seen in a hospital. As the hub of this hospital， the "medical street" not only connects the main functional space，but also separates patients according to their needs once they entered the hospital so that indoor trafc，particularly the outpatient service hall congestion can be alleviated. In addition， the street provides a short stay and exchange space for medical staf and patients. Moreover， it brings natural light to rooms on both sides. Another highlight of this design is its application of natural landscape. According to the theory of evidence-based design， natural elements had significant healing effects. Atrium， courtyard，and VIP roof garden on the west side， together with the fountain and green space on the east side， create favorable environmental conditions to soothe the tension from both patients and medical staf. Tose major functional areas of the hospital， including surgery， imaging and ICU， are strategically located and highly accessible. Below are a few humble suggestions to make this design even better: first of all， one-sided ward design have extended the walking distance of medical staff， consequently affecting nursing efficiency； secondly， adoption of sound-absorbing materials indoor may partially reduce noise from clinics and wards； finally， onstage and offstage approach might be considered to protect patients' privacy （especially emergency and surgical patients）. These are of course closely related to government policies， the Client's ideas，budget， management， operation and usually out of the control by architects. To sum up， The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University is undoubtedly a rare masterpiece in this decade to practice the concept of "hospital city" and "medical street". （Translated by ZHANG Xian）

Te Second Afliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University， Anhui， China， 2008