黎永華 陳嫦 李光宇 龐福梅 彭錫其
【摘要】 目的:探討新鮮冰凍血漿和冷沉淀聯(lián)合輸注對(duì)上消化道大出血患者凝血功能和免疫功能的影響。方法:選取2016年3月-2019年3月羅定市人民醫(yī)院92例上消化道大出血患者為研究對(duì)象,按隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為對(duì)照組和研究組,每組46例。對(duì)照組輸注同型新鮮冰凍血漿,研究組在對(duì)照組基礎(chǔ)上聯(lián)合冷沉淀足量輸注。比較兩組治療前后凝血功能和免疫功能,比較兩組治療效果。結(jié)果:治療前,兩組纖維蛋白原(FIB)、凝血酶時(shí)間(TT)、活化部分凝血活酶時(shí)間(APTT)及凝血酶原時(shí)間(PT)比較,差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);治療后,研究組FIB高于對(duì)照組,而TT、APTT和PT均低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05)。治療前,兩組CD8+、CD4+、CD3+及CD4+/CD8+比較,差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);治療后,研究組CD8+低于對(duì)照組,而CD4+、CD3+及CD4+/CD8+均高于對(duì)照組(P<0.05);研究組治療總有效率(97.83%)高于對(duì)照組(82.61%),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:新鮮冰凍血漿與冷沉淀聯(lián)合輸注可有效改善消化道大出血患者凝血功能障礙和輸血所致的細(xì)胞免疫抑制,提高臨床治療效果。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 新鮮冰凍血漿 冷沉淀 消化道大出血 凝血功能 免疫功能
[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the effect of combined infusion of fresh frozen plasma and cryoprecipitation on coagulation and immune function in patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Method: A total of 92 patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in peoples hospital of Luoding from March 2016 to March 2019 were selected as the study objects. They were divided into control group and research group according to the random number table method, with 46 cases in each group. The control group was infused with fresh frozen plasma of the same blood group, and the research group was adequate infusion of cryoprecipitation on the basis of the control group. The coagulation function and immune function were compared, and the therapeutic efficiency of the two groups was compared. Result: There were no differences in fibrinogen (FIB), thrombin time (TT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, FIB in the research group was higher than that in the control group, while TT, APTT and PT were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). There were no differences in CD8+, CD4+, CD3+ and CD4+/CD8+ between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, CD8+ in the research group was lower than that in the control group, while CD4+, CD3+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the research group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate (97.83%) in the research group was higher than that in the control group (82.61%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Fresh frozen plasma combined with cryoprecipitation can effectively improve coagulation dysfunction and cellular immune suppression caused by blood transfusion in patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and improve clinical therapeutic effect.[Key words] Fresh frozen plasma Cryoprecipitation Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage Coagulation function Immune functionFirst-authors address: Peoples Hospital of Luoding, Luoding 527200, China
研究認(rèn)為,上消化道出血的病因之一可能在于患者免疫系統(tǒng)受損[19]。在輸血治療中,外源性紅細(xì)胞也有進(jìn)一步誘發(fā)免疫抑制反應(yīng)的可能。國外研究顯示,輸血治療后患者T淋巴細(xì)胞CD4+、CD3+、CD4+/CD8+和部分免疫球蛋白水平均顯著下降[20]。在本研究中,兩組輸血后CD8+出現(xiàn)不同程度升高,CD4+、CD3+和CD4+/CD8+均出現(xiàn)一定程度降低,但總的說來聯(lián)合新鮮冰凍血漿和冷沉淀的患者輸血后CD8+水平低于僅輸注新鮮冰凍血漿的患者,CD4+、CD3+和CD4+/CD8+高于僅輸注新鮮冰凍血漿的患者,提示聯(lián)合輸注可能發(fā)揮了協(xié)同作用,進(jìn)而緩解輸血過程中的免疫抑制作用。與此同時(shí),聯(lián)合輸注新鮮冰凍血漿和冷沉淀的患者臨床治療效果更好,筆者認(rèn)為可能與新鮮冰凍血漿與冷沉淀聯(lián)合輸注能夠有效發(fā)揮協(xié)同效果,促進(jìn)凝血功能的改善,緩解細(xì)胞免疫抑制,從而提高治療效果。
綜上所述,給予消化道大出血患者新鮮冰凍血漿與冷沉淀聯(lián)合應(yīng)用能夠有效改善凝血功能,緩解細(xì)胞免疫抑制,臨床療效確切。
參考文獻(xiàn)
[1] Monteiro S,Gon?alves T C,Magalh?es J,et al.Upper gastrointestinal bleeding risk scores:Who,when and why?[J].World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology,2016,7(1):86-96.
[2] Wuerth B A,Rockey D C.Changing epidemiology of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the last decade:a nationwide analysis[J].Digest Dis Sci,2018,63(5):1286-1293.
[3]繆青,陳世耀.急性消化道大出血的快速診斷和處理對(duì)策[J].中華醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2015,95(20):1553-1554.
[4]王廣杰,金嫻,曹廷卉,等.輸注新鮮冰凍血漿患者血液相關(guān)指標(biāo)變化與療效分析[J].檢驗(yàn)醫(yī)學(xué)與臨床,2016,13(22):3214-3216.
[5]趙廣超,李娜,王淑君,等.凍干冷沉淀的制備與效果分析[J].臨床輸血與檢驗(yàn),2018,20(2):199-201.
[6]王艷琴,鄭惠心,鄒雪.新鮮冷凍血漿聯(lián)合冷沉淀輸注對(duì)消化道急性大出血患者凝血功能的影響[J].醫(yī)療裝備,2019,32(21):63-65.
[7]郎海波,高峰,石進(jìn),等.抗栓治療期間發(fā)生急性非靜脈曲張性上消化道大出血患者多學(xué)科治療經(jīng)驗(yàn)[J].中國微創(chuàng)外科雜志,2019,19(9):786-793.
[8]任海霞,王建華,單鐵英,等.非靜脈曲張性上消化道出血內(nèi)鏡治療術(shù)后再出血危險(xiǎn)因素分析[J].臨床誤診誤治,2016,29(8):48-52.
[9]黃曉宇,董亮,魯斌.異體輸血對(duì)消化道出血患者凝血功能及部分免疫功能的影響[J].臨床消化病雜志,2016,28(2):88-91.
[10]陳瑜,魏建.新鮮冰凍血漿與紅細(xì)胞懸液不同比例輸注對(duì)消化道出血患者凝血功能的影響[J].中國現(xiàn)代醫(yī)生,2017,55(36):84-86.
[11] Karaca M A,Erbil B,Ozmen M M.Use and effectiveness of prothrombin complex concentrates vs fresh frozen plasma in gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to warfarin usage in the ED[J].Am J Emerg Med,2014,32(6):660-664.
[12]淑敏,郭穎,陳勝,等.不同方法制備新鮮冰凍血漿對(duì)冷沉淀凝血因子質(zhì)量的影響[J].臨床輸血與檢驗(yàn),2016,18(6):554-556.
[13]莊東東.新鮮冷凍血漿與冷沉淀聯(lián)合輸注在急性上消化道大出血患者中的應(yīng)用效果[J].實(shí)用醫(yī)技雜志,2018,25(5):540-541.
[14] McQuilten Z K,Crighton G,Engelbrecht S,et al.Transfusion interventions in critical bleeding requiring massive transfusion:a systematic review[J].Transfus Med Rev,2015,29(2):127-137.
[15] Howman R,Barnes C,Curtin J,et al.The clinical efficacy and safety of the FVIII/VWF concentrate,BIOSTATE?,in children with von Willebrand disorder:a multi-centre retrospective review[J].Haemophilia,2011,17(3):463-469.
[16]王靜,黃遠(yuǎn)帥,張洪為.急性大出血患者輸注血小板聯(lián)合冷沉淀療效的Meta分析[J].西部醫(yī)學(xué),2017,29(3):393-398.
[17] Cho H J,Park S M,Kim I K,et al.RhoGDI2 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via induction of Snail in gastric cancer cells[J].Oncotarget,2014,5(6):1554-1564.
[18]鄭明秀.聯(lián)合輸注新鮮冰凍血漿和冷沉淀對(duì)消化道急性大出血的療效觀察[J].臨床輸血與檢驗(yàn),2017,19(3):234-236.
[19] Xu P U,Li Y,Yu H.Prevalence,specificity and risk of red blood cell alloantibodies among hospitalised Hubei Han Chinese patients[J].Blood Transfusion,2014,12(1):56-60.
[20] Ibarra-Meneses A V,Sanchez C,Alvar J,et al.Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 in plasma from soluble Leishmania antigen-stimulated whole blood as a potential biomarker of the cellular immune response to Leishmania infantum[J].Front Immunol,2017,8:1208.
(收稿日期:2019-11-28) (本文編輯:田婧)