張權 張柏海 楊志聰 黃琳琳 黎欣欣 吳芷茵
摘要?[目的]研究熱應激對黃羽肉雞生長性能的影響。[方法]對新廣黃公雞和懷鄉(xiāng)公雞進行熱應激處理,應用熒光定量PCR法檢測UQCRB基因在新廣黃公雞和懷鄉(xiāng)公雞心臟組織中的表達水平,分析其對黃羽肉雞體重、心臟相對重和心臟UQCRB基因相對表達量的影響。[結果]新廣黃公雞和懷鄉(xiāng)公雞21、28?d體重以及28?d心臟絕對重顯著高于懷鄉(xiāng)公雞(P<0.05),2種公雞心臟相對重差異不顯著。28?d試驗組新廣黃公雞的體重顯著低于對照組(P<0.05)。新廣黃公雞21?d心臟UQCRB基因的相對表達量顯著高于懷鄉(xiāng)公雞(P<0.05)。熱應激顯著降低了新廣黃公雞28?d心臟UQCRB基因的相對表達量(P<0.05)。[結論]心臟UQCRB基因表達與黃羽肉雞生長速度相關,在肉雞其他組織器官的表達有待進一步研究。
關鍵詞?黃羽肉雞;熱應激;心臟;UQCRB;基因表達
中圖分類號?S813文獻標識碼?A
文章編號?0517-6611(2019)16-0102-02
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2019.16.029
開放科學(資源服務)標識碼(OSID):
Study?on?the?Effects?of?Heat?Stress?on?the?Expression?of?UQCRB?Gene?in?Heart?of?Yellow?feather?Broilers
ZHANG?Quan,ZHANG?Bo?hai,YANG?Zhi?cong?et?al?(Agricultural?College,Guangdong?Ocean?University,Zhanjiang,Guangdong?524088)
Abstract?[Objective]To?study?the?effects?of?heat?stress?on?the?growth?performance?of?yellow?feather?broilers.[Method]?The?heat?stress?treatment?were?conducted?on?Xinguanghuang?cock?and?Huaixiang?cock.Fluorescence?quantitative?PCR?was?used?to?analyze?the?expression?level?of?UQCRB?gene?in?the?heart?tissues?of?Xinguanghuang?cock?and?Huaixiang?cock.The?effects?of?heat?stress?treatment?on?the?body?weight,the?relative?weight?of?heart?and?the?relative?expression?of?UQCRB?gene?in?the?heart?of?yellow?feather?broilers?were?analyzed.[Result]The?body?weight?on?the?21st,28th?day,and?heart?weight?on?the?28th?day?of?Xinguanghuang?cock?were?significantly?higher?than?those?of?Huaixiang?cock?(P0.05),but?the?relative?weight?of?heart?had?no?significant?difference?between?Xinguanghuang?cock?and?Huaixiang?cock.The?body?weight?of?Xinguanghuang?cock?on?the?28th?day?in?test?group?was?significantly?lower?than?that?in?control?group?(P<0.05).?The?relative?expression?of?UQCRB?gene?in?the?heart?of?Xinguanghuang?cock?on?the21st?day?was?significantly?higher?than?that?in?Huaixiang?cock?(P<0.05).?Heat?stress?significantly?reduced?the?relative?expression?of?UQCRB?gene?in?the?heart?of?Xinguanghuang?cock?(P<0.05).[Conclusion]The?expression?of?UQCRB?gene?in?the?heart?was?related?to?the?growth?rate?of?yellow?feather?broilers.The?expression?of?UQCRB?gene?in?other?tissues?of?yellow?feather?broilers?needs?further?study.
3?討論與結論
熱應激使家禽生理機能紊亂,表現(xiàn)為體重降低、生長緩慢,是影響家禽生長性能的主要因素之一[10]。研究表明,持續(xù)熱應激顯著降低了黃羽肉雞的生產(chǎn)性能,隨著環(huán)境溫度的升高,日增重顯著下降[11]。耐熱型品系AIL雞[12]暴露在熱環(huán)境下,7?d的體重增重率為58.9%[13]。在熱應激下,家禽生長性能的降低與機體組織器官的各種變化有關,這些器官變化包括腸道受損、相關免疫器官和心臟的相對重減輕[14]。該研究發(fā)現(xiàn),新廣黃公雞在7?d熱應激條件下,體重增長約60%,對心臟相對重的影響不顯著,表明在高溫環(huán)境下新廣黃公雞具有一定的抗熱應激能力,心臟生理發(fā)育正常[15]。
UQCRB是線粒體呼吸鏈復合體Ⅲ的亞單元,是線粒體能量代謝相關基因。氧化磷酸化電子傳遞鏈的功能異常會導致線粒體呼吸鏈功能障礙,UQCRB基因在誘導血管生成和線粒體介導的代謝紊亂中發(fā)揮著關鍵作用[8-9]。該研究中心臟UQCRB基因的相對表達量與黃羽肉雞的生長速度呈正相關,且相關性達到顯著水平。中快速型黃羽肉雞心臟UQCRB基因的相對表達量因受熱環(huán)境的影響而顯著下降,從而導致生長速度減慢;慢速型黃羽肉雞心臟UQCRB基因的相對表達量受熱應激的影響,但其生長速度差異不顯著。
熱應激顯著降低了新廣黃公雞28?d體重及心臟UQCRB基因的相對表達量,但其對懷興公雞無顯著影響。這表明心臟中UQCRB基因的相對表達量與黃羽肉雞的生長速度有關,而其在黃羽肉雞其他組織器官中的表達則有待進一步?研究。
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