陳凱明
【摘要】 目的:探索分析近年來心肌炎生物標(biāo)志物的研究熱點(diǎn)。方法:選用PubMed數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),檢索式為“Biomarkers”[Mesh] AND “Myocarditis”[Mesh],檢索結(jié)果采用書目信息挖掘系統(tǒng)(BICOMS)軟件進(jìn)行文獻(xiàn)計(jì)量學(xué)分析,使用gCLUTO 2.1軟件進(jìn)行雙向聚類及可視化分析。結(jié)果:共檢索到文獻(xiàn)592篇,統(tǒng)計(jì)分析后劃分為以下6個(gè)主題:規(guī)范使用生物計(jì)算機(jī)語言能更好的在生物醫(yī)學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中檢索到目標(biāo)文獻(xiàn);4-1BB、CD11b(+)單核細(xì)胞、CCR1拮抗劑通過激活T細(xì)胞的免疫應(yīng)答對(duì)抗心肌炎;PubTator軟件有助于檢索專業(yè)醫(yī)學(xué)數(shù)據(jù);IL-33、IL-22對(duì)由柯薩奇病毒所致的病毒性心肌炎有保護(hù)作用;髓間充脂干細(xì)胞、聯(lián)合治療CTLA4Ig與ICOSIg、CCR5三者均能對(duì)抗自身免疫性心肌炎;利用核磁成像對(duì)MINCOA及心肌炎患者診斷與治療。結(jié)論:雙向聚類分析方法很好地體現(xiàn)了當(dāng)前心肌炎生物標(biāo)志物領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)與發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 心肌炎; 生物標(biāo)志物; 雙向聚類分析
Bidirectional Clustering Analysis of Myocarditis Biomarkers Based on PubMed/CHEN Kaiming.//Medical Innovation of China,2018,15(03):143-145
【Abstract】 Objective:To explore and analyze the hotspots of myocarditis biomarkers in recent years.Method:The PubMed database was selected and retrieved as “Biomarkers”[Mesh] AND “Myocarditis”[Mesh].The retrieval results were analyzed by bibliographic metrology using bibliographic information mining system (BICOMS),and bidirectional clustering and visual analysis by gCLUTO 2.1 software.Result:A total of 592 literatures were retrieved,and the statistical analysis was divided into the following six topics:standardized use of biological computer language to better retrieve the target literature in the biomedical database;4-1BB,CD11b(+) monocytes and CCR1 antagonism antagonistic myocarditis by activating T-cell immune response;PubTator software help to retrieve professional medical data;IL-33 and IL-22 have protective effects on viral myocarditis caused by Coxsackie virus;mesenchymal stem cell,combined treatment of CTLA4Ig and ICOSIg,CCR5 can fight against autoimmune myocarditis;using NMR imaging for diagnosis and treatment of MINCOA with myocarditis patients.Conclusion:The bidirectional clustering analysis method well reflects the current research hotspot and development trend of myocarditis biomarkers.
【Key words】 Myocarditis; Biomarkers; Bidirectional clustering analysis
First-authors address:Affiliated Central Hospital of Shenyang Medical College,Shenyang 110024,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2018.03.039
心肌炎是一種與心臟功能障礙有關(guān)的心肌炎性疾病[1]。雙向聚類分析是一種探索性的分析方法,針對(duì)大型數(shù)據(jù)集,并應(yīng)用于眾多領(lǐng)域[2]。gCLUTO 2.1是一個(gè)軟件包[3],用于分析數(shù)據(jù)集低維與高維的特征。通過了解心肌炎生物標(biāo)志物的發(fā)展與研究歷程,更新相關(guān)觀念,借鑒外國(guó)先進(jìn)的模式與理念,為我國(guó)心肌炎的研究提供啟示。
1 材料與方法
1.1 檢索方法 基于PubMed數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),檢索式為“Biomarkers”[Mesh] AND “Myocarditis”[Mesh],檢索時(shí)間為2017年7月31日。
1.2 分析方法 采用書目信息挖掘系統(tǒng)軟件對(duì)檢索結(jié)果進(jìn)行整理,并通過gCLUTO 2.1軟件進(jìn)行雙向聚類分析,形成可視化矩陣圖(高頻主題詞代表文獻(xiàn)共現(xiàn)聚類視圖)與可視化曲面圖(PMID共現(xiàn)聚類視圖,山峰圖)。
2 結(jié)果
統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果進(jìn)行拉伸處理,得到聚類結(jié)果,縱觀聚類結(jié)果圖,將高頻主題詞聚集為6個(gè)集群(圖1)??梢暬鎴D(圖2)反應(yīng)各聚類的整體特征與效果,山峰高度與聚類內(nèi)部相似性成正比,山峰體積與聚類元素個(gè)數(shù)成正比,山峰顏色與集群內(nèi)部偏差成反比,顏色越深偏差越小。
3 討論
聚類0指0峰的高度最高,顏色最深,說明集群內(nèi)部相似性高,代表文獻(xiàn)有16420733、18225946、15838127。閱讀后綜合得出生物醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)挖掘系統(tǒng)有望提高生物醫(yī)學(xué)研究人員的效率與生產(chǎn)力,但是這些系統(tǒng)并沒有廣泛地應(yīng)用在日??蒲泄ぷ髦?。以前研究學(xué)者們使用文本挖掘系統(tǒng),獲得的文獻(xiàn)信息有一定局限性。文獻(xiàn)[4-6]建議利用計(jì)算機(jī),使用規(guī)范生物計(jì)算機(jī)語言以及人工智能或規(guī)范化的自動(dòng)化檢測(cè),可以更好地獲取文獻(xiàn)信息。
聚類1指1峰為第二高峰,體積最大,顏色較0峰淺。說明集群內(nèi)部相似性較高,文獻(xiàn)數(shù)目最多。閱讀代表文獻(xiàn)19233196得知腫瘤壞死因子家庭成員4-1BB與其配體4-1BBL通過調(diào)節(jié)T細(xì)胞介導(dǎo)了免疫應(yīng)答,4-1BB/4-1BBL途徑阻斷了T細(xì)胞活化調(diào)節(jié)了心肌炎的發(fā)生[7];閱讀代表文獻(xiàn)18250481得知CD11b(+)單核細(xì)胞以兩種角色在心肌炎發(fā)展中起作用,一是作為IL-17誘導(dǎo)炎癥的主要底物[8];二是作為介質(zhì)限制IFN-γ依賴性負(fù)反饋調(diào)節(jié)。閱讀代表文獻(xiàn)16698032得知CCR1拮抗劑通過抑制細(xì)胞因子表達(dá)和誘導(dǎo)T細(xì)胞失活降低心肌炎的損傷程度[9]。上述文章為研究心肌炎的病理過程提供了思路。
聚類2指2峰在所有結(jié)果峰群中高度適中,體積適中。代表文獻(xiàn)有19348628、21133848、23703206。閱讀后綜合得出文本挖掘是從海量文檔信息及網(wǎng)頁信息中提取目的信息的高通量技術(shù)。自動(dòng)化文本挖掘工具PubTator能高效準(zhǔn)確地從專業(yè)生物醫(yī)學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中檢索已知數(shù)據(jù),該軟件以適用操作系統(tǒng)廣泛、操作簡(jiǎn)便、準(zhǔn)確性高、全自動(dòng)化等特點(diǎn)被推廣。有助于蛋白質(zhì)組學(xué)、基因組學(xué)及藥理學(xué)的研究[10-12]。
聚類3指3峰的主要代表文獻(xiàn)有28041873、15611248、12920584。閱讀后得出如下結(jié)論:IL-33、IL-22對(duì)由柯薩奇病毒所致的病毒性心肌炎有保護(hù)作用[13-15]。該項(xiàng)研究為目前病毒性心肌炎的治療提供了新的研究方向。
聚類4指4峰的顏色深度僅次于0峰,說明集群內(nèi)部文獻(xiàn)相似性較高。主要代表文獻(xiàn)有17998774、16698663、17362985。通過閱讀,整理得出如下結(jié)論:骨髓間充脂干細(xì)胞、聯(lián)合治療CTLA4Ig與ICOSIg、CCR5三者均對(duì)自身免疫性心肌炎有對(duì)抗作用[16-18]。該研究結(jié)論為目前臨床治療自身免疫性心肌炎提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。
聚類5指5峰的代表文獻(xiàn)有25967935、26287645、26910104。閱讀后總結(jié)如下:通過核磁共振成像結(jié)果顯示高脂血癥、高肌鈣蛋白容易引發(fā)患者非阻塞性冠狀動(dòng)脈心肌梗死(MINCOA)及心肌炎。該項(xiàng)結(jié)果可以用于臨床指導(dǎo)MINCOA及心肌炎患者的診斷與治療[19-21]。
本文針對(duì)PubMed數(shù)據(jù)源對(duì)當(dāng)前心肌炎及其生物標(biāo)志物領(lǐng)域的研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,為科研工作者在該領(lǐng)域的研究提供新思路。
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(收稿日期:2017-09-22) (本文編輯:張爽)