袁燕勤
[摘要] 目的 探討通過心電圖對高血壓性心臟病進行診斷的臨床價值。方法 隨機選取該院2015年1月—2018年3月收治的高血壓性心臟病患者82例,依據診斷方式差異分作兩組,41例通過心電圖展開診斷為心電組,41例于心電圖診斷的同時予以超聲診斷者為聯(lián)合組,回顧性對比分析兩組診斷過程與結果。結果 聯(lián)合組陽性率是97.56%,較心電組的82.93%高(χ2=4.986,P=0.026);聯(lián)合組對左房增大、左室肥厚、主動脈擴張、主動脈彈性減退、心律失常、ST-T改變的檢出率均較心電組高(χ2=4.969、4.232、6.455、3.989、4.100、5.891,P=0.026、0.039、0.011、0.046、0.043、0.015)。結論 對于高血壓性心臟病,通過心電圖展開診斷效果理想,但于心電圖檢查結果上予以超聲檢查可使陽性檢出率得以提升,進而達到提升確診率的效果。
[關鍵詞] 心電圖;高血壓性心臟??;診斷;效果
[中圖分類號] R541 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-0742(2018)09(b)-0186-03
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the clinical value of electrocardiogram in the diagnosis of hypertensive heart disease. Methods A total of 82 patients with hypertensive heart disease admitted to the hospital from January 2015 to March 2018 were randomly selected. The diagnosis was divided into two groups according to the difference of diagnosis methods. 41 cases were diagnosed as ECG by electrocardiogram and 41 cases were diagnosed by electrocardiogram. At the same time, the ultrasound diagnosis was performed in the combined group, and the diagnostic process and results were analyzed retrospectively. Results The positive rate of the combined group was 97.56%, which was higher than that of the ECG group (82.93%) (χ2=4.986, P=0.026). The combined group had enlargement of the left atrium, left ventricular hypertrophy, aortic dilatation, aortic degeneration, and arrhythmia. The detection rate of ST-T changes was higher than that of ECG (χ2=4.969, 4.232, 6.455, 3.989, 4.100, 5.891, P=0.026, 0.039, 0.011, 0.046, 0.043, 0.015). Conclusion For hypertensive heart disease, the diagnosis by the electrocardiogram is ideal, but the ultrasound examination on the ECG results can improve the positive detection rate, and thus improve the diagnosis rate.
[Key words] Electrocardiogram; Hypertensive heart disease; Diagnosis; Effect
高血壓屬于現(xiàn)階段常見慢性心血管疾病的一種,可對心、腦、腎等臟器造成損傷,近年來的發(fā)病率幾率不斷提升,且越來越年輕化[1]。在人體全身的供血系統(tǒng)中,心臟處于“發(fā)動機”的位置,而高血壓可對動脈粥樣造成損傷,使其發(fā)生動脈粥樣硬化,致使患者心臟的結構、功能發(fā)生改變,即出現(xiàn)高血壓性心臟病[2]。高血壓性心臟病出現(xiàn)后,患者心功能嚴重下降,若不及時展開有效干預,可能會引發(fā)心力衰竭,導致患者死亡。而及時、有效的治療需基于準確診斷,心電圖、超聲均為現(xiàn)階段高血壓性心臟病的主要診斷手段[3]。該次研究以該院2015年1月—2018年3月收治的82例高血壓性心臟病患者為對象,分成兩組后分別通過不同方法展開診斷,旨在進一步對此病診斷中心電圖的應用價值進行探討,現(xiàn)報道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
該次研究隨機選取病例82例,均為患高血壓性心臟病并在該院接受治療的患者,病例的納入與排除符合以下標準:①納入明確確診為高血壓性心臟病者;②納入有完整的病例資料者;③納入已配合對知情同意書進行簽署者;④排除合并可能會對心功能造成影響的疾病者;⑤排除合并其他嚴重器官、系統(tǒng)疾病者;⑥排除存在心臟手術史者;⑦排除對檢查配合不佳者。依據診斷方式差異,將82例患者分作兩組,心電圖41例,性別:男23例(56.10%),女18例(43.90%);年齡:40~80歲,平均(60.13±8.74)歲。聯(lián)合組41例,性別:男25例(60.98%),女16例(39.02%);年齡:40~80歲,平均(61.21±7.85)歲。該次研究已通過該院醫(yī)學倫理會審批,且兩組上述信息統(tǒng)計學分析結果顯示,差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P>0.05),可對比。