何國(guó)文 邱國(guó)斌 秦鑫
摘 要:近幾年國(guó)內(nèi)第三方物流公司如雨后春筍般涌現(xiàn)。因此其競(jìng)爭(zhēng)也越來(lái)越激烈。1929年豪泰林(Hotelling)提出了豪泰林模型,文章利用該模型對(duì)運(yùn)輸型第三方物流企業(yè)在同一線性城市上進(jìn)行分析并且求出其納什均衡解,通過(guò)其納什均衡解表達(dá)式的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)企業(yè)在均衡條件下利潤(rùn)的變化情況,并且針對(duì)運(yùn)輸型第三方物流企業(yè)的車輛管理決策提供模型。通過(guò)這些模型的運(yùn)用,能夠?qū)\(yùn)輸型第三方物流企業(yè)的車輛正確管理和決策,達(dá)到其成本控制,使運(yùn)輸型第三方物流企業(yè)的運(yùn)作過(guò)程具有科學(xué)性。
關(guān)鍵詞:TPL企業(yè);豪泰林模型;博弈分析;成本控制
中圖分類號(hào):F506 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A
Abstract: In recent years, the domestic third-party logistics companies have sprung up. So the competition is becoming more and more intense. In the year of 1929 Hotelling model is put forward, we use the model to transport the TPL enterprise carries on the analysis on the same linear city and find out the Nash equilibrium, through the analysis of its Nash equilibrium equation we found that the change of the enterprises under the condition of equilibrium of corporate profits, and in view of the transport vehicles the TPL enterprise management decision provides models, through the use of these models can be vehicles to transport the TPL enterprise to achieve the cost control and management decision making delivery of the TPL enterprise operation process has the scientific nature.
Key words: transporting third-party logistics; Hotelling model; game analysis; the cost control
0 引 言
21世紀(jì),新興產(chǎn)業(yè)之一的現(xiàn)代物流業(yè)迅猛發(fā)展,國(guó)內(nèi)物流公司如雨后春筍般涌現(xiàn),進(jìn)而形成了第三方物流產(chǎn)業(yè)。第三方物流(TPL)與自營(yíng)物流是一對(duì)相對(duì)應(yīng)的概念,相比傳統(tǒng)的物流公司,第三方物流更專業(yè)化,成本更低,效率更高,已經(jīng)成為物流業(yè)發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)和方向。近幾年,我國(guó)的第三方物流市場(chǎng)以每年16%~25%的速度增長(zhǎng)。本文研究運(yùn)輸型TPL企業(yè)的博弈分析與成本控制,通過(guò)豪泰林模型對(duì)物流企業(yè)的空間位置和對(duì)企業(yè)需求的搏弈分析得出了企業(yè)在同一線性城市的納什均衡解,并通過(guò)對(duì)納什均衡解的分析得出了在納什均衡的情況下運(yùn)輸型TPL企業(yè)降低成本對(duì)提高企業(yè)利潤(rùn)的重要性,針對(duì)運(yùn)輸型TPL企業(yè)給出若干模型供運(yùn)輸型TPL企業(yè)車輛管理決策,以降低成本,提高運(yùn)輸型TPL企業(yè)運(yùn)作過(guò)程中的科學(xué)性。
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