美術(shù)館4.0：新時代語境與創(chuàng)想

編者語：

如果說中國的美術(shù)館發(fā)端于西方，并在之后的相當(dāng)長時間內(nèi)步其后塵的話，在過去的10 年間，中國與世界各地的美術(shù)館/藝術(shù)博物館的發(fā)展語境越來越趨近，即在公共展覽規(guī)劃方面的要求以及在回應(yīng)這些需求時所能獲得的資源和技術(shù)在發(fā)生重大變化。今天，最受關(guān)注的美術(shù)館必須承擔(dān)更多的社會責(zé)任，應(yīng)對經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力和商業(yè)競爭，滿足專業(yè)觀眾和游客在美術(shù)館活動規(guī)劃中發(fā)言的愿望。之所以將題目擬定為“美術(shù)館4.0”，是與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和計算機(jī)技術(shù)發(fā)展的世代相對應(yīng)，據(jù)統(tǒng)計，近三十年來，人類所取得的科技成果，比過去兩千年的總和還要多。20 世紀(jì)初，科技轉(zhuǎn)化為生產(chǎn)力需要20-30 年，6、70 年代激光與半導(dǎo)體從發(fā)現(xiàn)到應(yīng)用加速到了兩三年，而現(xiàn)在信息產(chǎn)品的更新?lián)Q代只需要十幾個月。其中互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和計算機(jī)技術(shù)對生產(chǎn)力的改造是決定性。過去美術(shù)館通過展示、保存藏品以及支持教育系統(tǒng)來履行職責(zé)。而現(xiàn)在，則必須做更多的事，參觀者告訴機(jī)構(gòu)他們想要什么，新的變革往往隨著壓力和期待而到來。（文/王靜）

INTRODUCTION:

If we say that Chinese art museums originated from the west, and followed in its steps for a long time, for the past decade the distance between the development context of Chinese art museums and those in other part of the world is quickly narrowing down - China is witnessing significant change in public exhibition's planning requirements, and the resources and skills it could acquire to meet these requirements. Today, the most popular art museums must take more social responsibilities, to tackle economic pressure and business competition, and to fulfill professional or amateur visitors' wish to have a say in art museums' event planning. The reason that we use the title "Museum 4.0" is to respond to the era of rapid development of the Internet and information technology. Statistics show that the human race has made bigger scientific and technological achievements in the past thirty years than the two thousand years prior to that. In early 20th century, it took 20 to 30 years for technology to convert to productivity; in the 1960s and 70s, with the discovery and application of laser and semiconductor, it reduced the conversion time to 2 to 3 years. Now, it only takes some months for information products to update, and most of the credit goes to the modification of productivity by the Internet and information technology. In the past, art museums performed their duty by exhibiting works, conserving collections and supporting educational system. Now, there are more things to do. Visitors are telling institutions what they want, and new change will arrive together with pressure and aspirations. ( Text by Wang Jing )