陳英道 李育英 李海寧
【摘要】 目的 探討腦小血管病(CSVD)的相關(guān)危險因素。方法 選取110例腦小血管病患者作為研究組, 另選取90例非腦小血管病患者作為對照組。比較兩組研究對象的基本資料及實驗室檢驗指標, 采用Logistic回歸分析腦小血管病的相關(guān)危險因素。結(jié)果 研究組高脂血癥、吸煙、糖尿病、高血壓占比分別為80.91%、70.91%、54.55%、96.36%, 均高于對照組的60.00%、57.78%、36.67%、52.22%, 差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05)。研究組餐后2 h血糖、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、C反應蛋白(CRP)水平分別為(11.51±1.57)mmol/L、(4.41±1.08)mmol/L、(20.96±6.08)μmol/L、(22.95±6.12)mg/L, 均高于對照組的(7.82±1.09)mmol/L、(2.82±0.51)mmol/L、(15.62±4.52)μmol/L、(5.69±1.13)mg/L, 差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回歸分析顯示, 高血壓、糖尿病、吸煙及Hcy升高是腦小血管病的危險因素(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 合并有高血壓、糖尿病、吸煙及Hcy升高更容易發(fā)生腦小血管病, 因此臨床上可以通過控制這些危險因素來進行腦小血管病的預防。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 腦小血管病;相關(guān)危險因素;糖尿病;高血壓;吸煙;同型半胱氨酸升高
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2020.20.010
【Abstract】 Objective ? To discuss the risk factors of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Methods ? There were 110 cerebral small vessel disease patients as the research group, and 90 non-cerebral small vessel disease patients as the control group. The basic data and laboratory test indexes of the two groups were compared, and Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of cerebrovascular disease. Results ? The proportion of hyperlipidemia, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension of the research group were 80.91%, 70.91%, 54.55% and 96.36%, which were higher than those of the control group 60.00%, 57.78%, 36.67% and 52.22%, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The levels of 2-h postprandial blood glucose, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, homocysteine (Hcy), C-reactive protein (CRP) of the research group were (11.51±1.57) mmol/L, (4.41±1.08) mmol/L, (20.96±6.08) μmol/L and (22.95±6.12) mg/L respectively, which were higher than those of the control group (7.82±1.09) mmol/L, (2.82±0.51) mmol/L, (15.62±4.52) μmol/L?and (5.69±1.13) mg/L, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking and elevated Hcy were risk factors for cerebrovascular disease (P<0.05). Conclusion ? Cerebral small vessel disease is more likely to occur in patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking and elevated Hcy. Therefore, cerebral small vessel disease can be prevented by controlling these risk factors.
【Key words】 Cerebral small vessel disease; Risk factors; Diabetes mellitus; Hypertension; Smoking; Elevated homocysteine
腦小血管?。╟erebral small vessel disease, CSVD)是一種臨床常見的腦血管疾病, 主要是由于各種各樣的原因影響腦內(nèi)的小動脈、毛細血管、小靜脈等所導致的一種疾病[1]。急性腦小血管病的主要表現(xiàn)為腔隙性腦梗死(Lacunar infarction, LI)和腦實質(zhì)出血[2]。慢性腦小血管病早期沒有明顯的癥狀, 需要通過影像學等方法進行診斷, 晚期會出現(xiàn)認知功能的下降、大小便失禁、走路不穩(wěn), 或者出現(xiàn)抑郁等情感障礙[3]。因此對于腦小血管病的危險因素進行分析可以有效預防疾病的發(fā)生和發(fā)展, 對早期的診斷和治療均有重要的意義。本研究選取110例腦小血管病患者和90例非腦小血管病患者作為研究對象, 對比探討腦小血管病的相關(guān)危險因素。報告如下。