輸尿管結(jié)石術(shù)后攜帶雙“J”管患者出院后實(shí)施延續(xù)護(hù)理的效果研究

楊淑敏　蒲永潔

【摘要】 目的：分析延續(xù)護(hù)理在輸尿管結(jié)石術(shù)后攜帶雙“J”管出院患者中應(yīng)用的價(jià)值。方法：對(duì)筆者所在醫(yī)院2017年5月-2018年5月收治的92例輸尿管結(jié)石術(shù)后攜帶雙“J”管出院的患者進(jìn)行分組，分別為對(duì)照組（n=46，圍手術(shù)期予以常規(guī)護(hù)理）和研究組（n=46，圍手術(shù)期采取常規(guī)護(hù)理，出院后開展延續(xù)性護(hù)理），比較兩組并發(fā)癥、平均住院時(shí)間及評(píng)分指標(biāo)。結(jié)果：研究組并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率（6.52%）低于對(duì)照組（21.74%）;護(hù)理滿意度評(píng)分、ADL評(píng)分均高于對(duì)照組，差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）;兩組平均住院時(shí)間比較，差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05）。結(jié)論：對(duì)輸尿管結(jié)石術(shù)后攜帶雙“J”管出院患者開展延續(xù)性護(hù)理，可減少并發(fā)癥，患者護(hù)理滿意情況好，日常生活能力明顯提升，值得在臨床推廣。

【關(guān)鍵詞】 延續(xù)護(hù)理; 輸尿管結(jié)石術(shù); 雙“J”管

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.19.031 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 B 文章編號(hào) 1674-6805（2019）19-00-03

Study on the Effect of Continuous Nursing in Discharged Patients with Double “J” Tubes after Ureteral Calculi Operation/YANG Shumin，PU Yongjie.//Chinese and Foreign Medical Research，2019，17（19）：-74

【Abstract】 Objective：To analyze the value of continuous nursing in discharged patients with double“J”tubes after ureteral calculi operation.

Method：From May 2017 to May 2018，92 patients with ureteral calculi who were discharged from hospital with double “J” tubes were divided into two groups，the control group（46 cases，routine nursing during perioperative period） and the research group（46 cases，routine nursing during perioperative period and continuing nursing after discharge）.Complications，average hospitalization time and scoring indexes were compared between the two groups.Result：The incidence of complications in the research group（6.52%） was lower than that of the control group（21.74%）.The scores of nursing satisfaction and ADL were higher than those of the control group，and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.The average length of stay was compared between the two groups，and the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）.Conclusion：Continuous nursing is carried out for patients with double“J”tubes discharged from hospital after ureteral calculi surgery has fewer complications，good satisfaction and obvious improvement of daily living ability，which is worthy of promotion.

【Key words】 Continuous nursing; Ureteral calculi surgery; Double“J”tubes

First-authors address：First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University，Xiamen 361003，China

輸尿管結(jié)石是臨床泌尿科常見疾病，以中壯年為主要發(fā)病人群，誘發(fā)該疾病的原因主要包括兩個(gè)方面，一方面是尿中晶體濃度過(guò)高，另一方面是尿液理化性質(zhì)的改變[1]。輸尿管結(jié)石患者臨床多表現(xiàn)為腰部不適、血尿、疼痛等，以腎絞痛為典型表現(xiàn)。輸尿管結(jié)石術(shù)為輸尿管結(jié)石常用的治療手段，雖然可以緩解患者的臨床癥狀，但術(shù)后并發(fā)癥較多，因此，需要加強(qiáng)患者的護(hù)理干預(yù)以提高患者預(yù)后效果。延續(xù)護(hù)理是從住院護(hù)理延伸至家庭、社區(qū)的一種新型護(hù)理模式，由于輸尿管結(jié)石術(shù)后患者多攜帶“J”管出院，因此，需要予以更多的關(guān)注[2-3]。本次研究對(duì)92例輸尿管結(jié)石術(shù)后攜帶雙“J”管出院患者進(jìn)行分組干預(yù)，探究延續(xù)護(hù)理的應(yīng)用價(jià)值，對(duì)干預(yù)結(jié)果報(bào)道如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 一般資料

本次研究對(duì)象為輸尿管結(jié)石術(shù)后攜帶雙“J”管出院的患者，共92例，納入時(shí)間為2017年5月-2018年5月。納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：（1）經(jīng)過(guò)臨床X線、CT檢查確診為輸尿管結(jié)石，且符合輸尿管結(jié)石術(shù)指征;（2）年齡≥32歲;（3）首次術(shù)后攜帶雙“J”管出院。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：（1）合并嚴(yán)重臟器功能障礙;（2）妊娠或哺乳期;（3）精神疾病史。對(duì)患者進(jìn)行分組觀察，對(duì)照組（n=46）男29例，女17例;年齡32～74歲，平均（49.8±3.3）歲;病程8～14 d，平均（11.1±1.6）d。研究組（n=46）男34例，女12例;年齡34～71歲，平均（50.1±3.1）歲;病程7～13 d，平均（10.8±1.4）d。兩組一般資料比較，差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05）。研究經(jīng)醫(yī)學(xué)倫理會(huì)批準(zhǔn)通過(guò)。