何基厚
新課標(biāo)倡導(dǎo)通過“任務(wù)式”教學(xué)途徑來培養(yǎng)學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語言的能力,所以課堂上的每個(gè)教學(xué)活動(dòng)的目的要很明確,可控性要強(qiáng)。情景教學(xué)法的運(yùn)用給課堂帶來生機(jī),便于學(xué)生去理解并樂于參與,提高興趣度,提高教學(xué)效率。下面我以How often do you exercise?這一課的幾個(gè)片段為例,來談?wù)剛€(gè)人的幾點(diǎn)淺見。
片段一:導(dǎo)入設(shè)計(jì)
教學(xué)單詞及復(fù)習(xí):
教師出示一段視頻:《家有兒女》中劉梅給全家檢查牙齒的片段。
T:Look at the videos,please tell me who has healthy teeth?Who is unhealthy?
Ss:Liu Xing is healthy. His father is unhealthy.
T:Do you know why?
Ss:No.
T:Because he often eats junk food and he drinks coffee at least twice a day. Its bad for his health.
(教師出示單詞:at least,junk food,coffee,health→healthy→unhealthy,并講授。)
T:We should have a healthy life. But how to keep healthy?Lets play a pairwork with your partner.
教師出示下列句型:
A:What do you do on weekends?
B:I ...
A:How often do you exercise?
B:I ...
A:How often do you watch TV?
B:I ...
A:Do you use the Internet on weekends?
B:Yes .../No ...
A:How often do you eat junk food?
B:I ...
視頻的導(dǎo)入會(huì)起到活躍課堂氣氛、凝聚課堂魅力的作用,而且里面的人物也和學(xué)生的年齡相仿,會(huì)讓學(xué)生更喜歡。視頻導(dǎo)入的目的有兩個(gè):一是讓學(xué)生集中注意力;二是借機(jī)引出新授單詞,利用問題:How to keep healthy?來復(fù)習(xí)上節(jié)課的主要內(nèi)容。這樣的導(dǎo)入方式有其獨(dú)特之處,能夠讓學(xué)生在具體情境中體驗(yàn)語言運(yùn)用的技巧,而單純的檢查、復(fù)習(xí)會(huì)讓學(xué)生感覺枯燥。所以,該視頻的運(yùn)用有一石多鳥的效果。
片段二:教學(xué)3a出示幻燈片
1.How often _____ they go to movies?
2._____ he eat junk food?
3.What _____ you usually do on weekends?
T:請(qǐng)同學(xué)們討論上面的三句話,并討論do與does的用法。
教師講解do與does的用法:
1.do與does都是助動(dòng)詞,在句中起著輔助的作用,需要放在特殊疑問詞之后。放在一般疑問句中時(shí),需要根據(jù)主語的人稱和數(shù)的變化來確定do或does。當(dāng)人稱為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),助動(dòng)詞用does。
2.與be動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別:be本身還是實(shí)意動(dòng)詞,而do與does則不是。
T:Please make a sentence by yourself using “do” or “does”.
教師要求完成課本3a部分的內(nèi)容。
T:Show time. Please make the conversation with your partner.
教師引領(lǐng)學(xué)生再次回顧do與does的用法。
在3b練習(xí)完成后,會(huì)有學(xué)生忘記加do或does,或者不會(huì)運(yùn)用等情況,教師出示了三個(gè)句子,讓學(xué)生先自己討論他們的用法,然后再講解,最后完成練習(xí)并以展示對(duì)話的方式結(jié)束。整個(gè)過程依照循序漸進(jìn)的形式:提出疑問—展示質(zhì)疑—自主討論—教師講解—鞏固練習(xí)來完成。而最后的回顧環(huán)節(jié)則是為了面向全體學(xué)生,讓每個(gè)學(xué)生都能看到自己的進(jìn)步。
片段三:教學(xué)Section B 1c,1d
T:I want to have a survey. Who often eats junk food?Please hand up.
S:...
T:Who hardly ever eats vegetables?
S:...
T:OK. Remember everyone should have a healthy life. Because health is the fundamentality of our body.
S:Haha ...
T:Now a reporter is talking about health with Bill and Tina. Lets listen carefully and find who is healthy and who is unhealthy.
教師采用多媒體出示圖片:
Is Bill healthy? Yes. No. I dont know.
Is Tina healthy? Yes. No. I dont know.
T:Please listen again and finish 1d. (兩遍聽力)
Check the answers together.
T:Show time.
Please make a passage about Tina and Bill.
Like this:
Tina is healthy. She ___________________
Bill is unhealthy. He___________________
課本中聽力部分的教學(xué)難度不大,學(xué)生能夠順利完成,只是在1d部分,由于填空較多,需要再播放一遍聽力,這一點(diǎn)需要教師注意。完成后,我又設(shè)計(jì)了展示環(huán)節(jié),目的是為了增強(qiáng)教學(xué)的拓展性。讓學(xué)生在1d的基礎(chǔ)上,編寫一段關(guān)于Tina或Bill的短文,訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的聽說能力以及總結(jié)知識(shí)的能力。
本環(huán)節(jié)通過訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的聽力來鞏固重難點(diǎn)。將聽力試題分層設(shè)計(jì),讓不同層次的學(xué)生都能參與進(jìn)來。聽完后又設(shè)計(jì)了聽后活動(dòng):Show time讓學(xué)生編寫一段關(guān)于Tina和Bill的短文。通過聽后編對(duì)話,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生更好地內(nèi)化語言知識(shí)。從聽到說,層層遞進(jìn),為下一步的寫作教學(xué)做好了鋪墊。
片段四:教學(xué)Section A 3c,Section B 1e
T:Keeping healthy is important for everyone. Do you know your friends life?Now lets have a survey.
教師出示表格。
T:Please ask a friend some questions about his or her life. And then tell him/her that he/she is healthy or unhealthy.
T:Show time. Please write down his or her life.
Like this:My friend is Lin Yu. He reads Eng-lish books every day. ______________. So his life is _______.
將課本Section A 3c與 Section B 1e 部分的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了整合,設(shè)計(jì)成Group-work的形式加以練習(xí),進(jìn)一步復(fù)習(xí)鞏固了關(guān)于健康生活的話題,目的是為了和后面的寫作教學(xué)聯(lián)系在一起。這樣能更全面地鍛煉學(xué)生的聽、說、讀、寫能力,從而提高學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語言的能力。這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)到這里已經(jīng)有水到渠成的感覺了,重點(diǎn)是讓學(xué)生將聽、讀、說的內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)換成文字。在不同的語境中讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用和創(chuàng)新。
以上是我個(gè)人教學(xué)中的一點(diǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)之談,希望大家多給意見批評(píng)指正。
編輯 薄躍華