閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

河北 郭鵬舉

閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

河北 郭鵬舉

Passage 1

Why Good Leadership Begins With You

A few weeks ago，I had lunch with a dear friend and incredible entrepreneur. Over food we talked about the progress she made with her company，which has grown from a few people to a team of nine with a product in market and solid financial backing.

In the process，she had to adapt from being the person always contributing to each and every aspect of building the product and company to being the one who’s role and responsibility is to manage others.

This particular moment in time is one of the most fundamental shifts for entrepreneurs—the day you move from individual contributor to manager.

You suddenly need a whole new skill set. You need to figure out how to best manage people，how to make your people productive and happy，and how to deal with conflict.

People often seek advice on techniques，processes and methods of leadership. You can read endless books，blog posts and more about this. And yet，I believe it’s most important to first start with yourself. You need to fundamentally understand yourself first before you can become a good leader.

What are your strengths and weaknesses?What is your communication style?What are things you need in relationships with others，and what can you live without?What gives you energy，and what drains you?What are your values?What is most important to you?

Once you understand yourself and fully lean into your authentic leadership style，the rest is merely learning and applying a few best practices.

（原文出處：http://unreasonable.is/why-good-leadership-begins-with-you/）

1. In the writer’s opinion，what is one of the most fundamental shifts for entrepreneurs?

A. From being a worker to being a boss.

B. From doing the detail work in person to managing others.

C. From seeking advice from others to making up one’s mind on one’s own.

D. From being a person with weaknesses to being a person with strengths.

2. According to the writer，during the most fundamental shift，a whole new skill set is needed，which includes the following EXCEPT__________.

A. the skill of best managing people

B. the skill of making people productive and happy

C. the skill of building the product

D. the skill of dealing with conflict

3. In order to go through the process of the shift successfully，what shall we first do to get a whole new skill set?

A. Asking for advice from friends and relatives.

B. Seeking advice from books and blog posts.

C. Getting a degree in college.

D. Understanding ourselves.

4. What’s the meaning of the underlined word in the sixth paragraph?

A.To leave someone feeling physically and emotionally exhausted.

B. To dry something by causing water to flow out of it.

C. To remove the liquid by causing it to flow somewhere else.

D. To remove the color and make it pale.

5. What’s the purpose of the writer to ask so many questions in paragraph six?

A. To tell the entrepreneurs how to understand themselves.

B. To show the main idea of the passage.

C. To arouse the reader’s curiosity.

D. To summarize the writer’s opinion.

Passage 2

Man Hospitalized After Ramen and Cola Binge

A young man reportedly ate so much ramen and soda in one sitting that doctors say his stomach nearly exploded from gas.

Instant noodles and soda are a staple diet of college kids everywhere，but that has the potential to be a deadly combination，as one young man discovered when he ate so much ramen and soda that his stomach nearly exploded. According to Rocket News 24，a young man in Chongqing，China，ate two whole packages of instant noodles and washed them down with two whole bottles of soda. Then，somehow，he was still hungry，so he also ate some potato chips and other snacks.

That night，he had a stomach ache. It was much more severe than a normal stomach ache，and eventually he realized something was wrong and went to a hospital.

When he got there and was examined，doctors were stunned to see just how much gas had built up in the very hungry young man’s stomach. Doctors say his stomach had become a giant，swollen mass and was actually about to burst. Luckily，doctors were able to save the patient by putting a tube in his stomach to relieve the pressure of the excess gas.

The young man’s appetite is a pretty extreme case. Doctors say a person consuming a single serving of instant noodles and some soda should be perfectly fine，maybe just a little burpy（打嗝的）. Gorging（狼吞虎咽） on instant noodles and soda，however，might result in a pretty sore stomach afterwards.

（原文出處：http://www.thedailymeal.com/man-hospitalized-eating-ramen-soda-gas/1516）

1. Which of the following is NOT included in the young man’s meal?

A. Two packages of instant noodles.

B. Two bottles of soda.

C. Some potato chips.

D. Some milk.

2. How did the doctors save the patient?

A. By building up enough gas in his stomach.

B. By getting his stomach to burst.

C. By pumping out the extra gas.

D. By examining his stomach.

3. Which of the following can take the place of the underlined word in Paragraph 4?

A. Surprised. B. Satisfied.

C. Disappointed. D. Astonished.

4. What can we infer from the passage?

A. All the college students like to eat instant noodles.

B. The young man’s condition was too severe to be cured.

C. The combination of instant noodles and soda can give off lots of gas.

D. Once one had the instant noodles together with the soda，his stomach would explode.

5. Which column in a newspaper might the passage belong to?

A. Diet and health. B. Cultural life.

C. Fashion. D. Sports.

【答案與解析】

Passage 1

【篇章導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議、敘議結(jié)合的議論文。作者認(rèn)為企業(yè)家最為重要的轉(zhuǎn)型之一就是從事事躬親、親歷親為的生產(chǎn)第一線轉(zhuǎn)型到掌管全局、平衡各方的管理者。要成功地實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)型，需要一套全新的技能。為了獲得這套技能，可以看書，可以瀏覽博客貼文，但是最為重要的是從了解自我開始。

1. B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“she had to adapt from being the person always contributing to each and every aspect of building the product and company to being the one who’s role and responsibility is to manage others.”可知，她不得不適應(yīng)從事事躬親到管理他人的角色轉(zhuǎn)變。又根據(jù)第三段中的“move from individual contributor to manager”可知，它們都是B選項(xiàng)的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。故選B項(xiàng)。

2. C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“You need to figure out how to best manage people，how to make your people productive and happy，and how to deal with conflict.”可知，這些技能包括如何最好地管理他人，如何讓員工高效率和幸福，如何處理沖突。沒(méi)有提及的是產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)的技能，故選C項(xiàng)。

3. D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“it’s most important to first start with yourself. You need to fundamentally understand yourself first”可知，了解自我是獲得全新技能的首要工作。故選D項(xiàng)。

4. A。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文中的“What are things you need in relationships with others，and what can you live without?”可知，“things you need”與“l(fā)ive without”是截然相反、相互對(duì)立的事物，故“gives you energy”與“drains you”也應(yīng)是對(duì)立的關(guān)系，故選A項(xiàng)。

5. A。主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段中的“You need to fundamentally understand yourself first before you can become a good leader.”可知，作者認(rèn)為了解自我是企業(yè)家獲得全新技能、實(shí)現(xiàn)角色轉(zhuǎn)變的首要任務(wù)，作者提出這些問(wèn)題的目的是告訴企業(yè)家如何認(rèn)識(shí)自己，從哪些方面認(rèn)識(shí)自己。故選A項(xiàng)。

Passage 2

【篇章導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文，記述了中國(guó)的一位年輕人吃了過(guò)多的方便面和可樂(lè)，造成胃里積聚太多的氣體，差點(diǎn)爆了胃。醫(yī)生用導(dǎo)管排出了他胃里的空氣，才得以保住了他的性命。

1. D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ate two whole packages of instant noodles and washed them down with two whole bottles of soda...he also ate some potato chips and other snacks”可知，文章中沒(méi)有提及牛奶，故選D項(xiàng)。

2. C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Luckily，doctors were able to save the patient by putting a tube in his stomach to relieve the pressure of the excess gas.”可知，醫(yī)生用導(dǎo)管排出胃里的空氣，減輕過(guò)多氣體造成的壓力，從而保住了他的性命。故選C項(xiàng)。

3. D。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文中的“Doctors say his stomach had become a giant，swollen mass and was actually about to burst.”可知，年輕人的胃脹的像巨大的快要爆炸的球體。由此可以推斷醫(yī)生見(jiàn)到這種情形，應(yīng)該很震驚。surprised雖也表示吃驚之意，但程度較弱，有時(shí)還含有“驚喜”之意，故答案為D項(xiàng)。

4. C。邏輯推理題。根據(jù)第一段中的“A young man reportedly ate so much ramen and soda in one sitting that doctors say his stomach nearly exploded from gas.”以及第二段中的“that has the potential to be a deadly combination”可以推斷，方便面與碳酸飲料結(jié)合會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量氣體。A項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)夸大了事實(shí)，B項(xiàng)與本文陳述事實(shí)相反。

5. A。邏輯推理題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題和本文內(nèi)容可知，文章講述的是一位年輕人吃了過(guò)多的方便面和可樂(lè)，造成胃里積聚太多的氣體，差點(diǎn)爆了胃。因此文章內(nèi)容屬于飲食與健康版塊。故答案為A項(xiàng)。

（作者單位：河北省邢臺(tái)市威縣第一中學(xué)）