劉展晴
摘要:通過自由基聚合方法合成聚丙烯酰胺
關鍵詞:PAAM水凝膠;P(AAM-co-MMA)水凝膠;膨脹性;pH敏感性
中圖分類號:R318.08 文獻標識碼: A 文章編號:0439-8114(2014)02-0398-03
Synthesis of Novel Hydrogels Based on AAM and Swelling Abilities
LIU Zhan-qing
(School of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Weinan Normal University,Weinan 714000,Shannxi,China)
Abstract: The PAAM hydroges, P(AAM-co-MAA) hydrogels of different MAA and MAA, hydrogel were perapared by free radical polymerization methods. The morphology characterization, swelling ability and pH-sensitivity of these hydrogels were studied. The results showed that the(AAM-co-MAA) hydrogel exhibited better swelling capability and pH sensitivity than that of the PAAM. The(AAM-co-MAA) hydrogel with reasonable ratio(AAM∶MAA=13∶2) had best swelling capability and pH sensitivity. The hydrogel with these special properties was expected to be applied to the field of drug controlled release.
Key words: PAMM hydrogel; P(AAM-co-MMA) hydrogel; swelling ability; pH-sensitivity
水凝膠是一種三維網(wǎng)狀結構的親水但不溶于水的高分子聚合物[1],是自然界中普遍存在的物質形態(tài),例如人體的肌肉、眼球、血管等器官都是由水凝膠構成。它一般通過共價鍵、氫鍵或范德華力等作用力構成,具有良好的生物相容性和膨脹性,是一種發(fā)展迅速的高分子材料[2]。通常將水凝膠分為傳統(tǒng)型水凝膠和環(huán)境敏感性水凝膠,傳統(tǒng)型水凝膠對外界環(huán)境的刺激變化不敏感,環(huán)境敏感性水凝膠的一些自身性質隨外界環(huán)境的變化而變化。當受到特殊化學物質作用時,環(huán)境敏感性水凝膠分子網(wǎng)絡內(nèi)的鏈段產(chǎn)生較大的構象變化,從而產(chǎn)生溶脹或收縮,當去掉外界刺激時,凝膠能自動回復到穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。由于環(huán)境敏感性水凝膠的這種智能性使它應用在很多領域,尤其是在藥物的靶向定位及緩控釋放[3]、固定化酶[4]、蛋白質的分離[5]、人工肌肉[6]以及生物傳感和催化等方面都有很大的應用前景。在一系列的水凝膠中,丙烯酰胺(AAM)系列水凝膠的研究一直受到人們的重視。本研究設計并合成新的含AAM的水凝膠,并對其膨脹性能及pH敏感性能進行研究,以期得到一種膨脹性和pH敏感性更為優(yōu)越的水凝膠。
1 材料與方法
1.1 材料
1.1.1 試劑 丙烯酰胺(AAM)、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)、過硫酸銨(APS)、 N,N-二甲基雙丙烯酰胺(BIS)、四甲基乙二胺(TEMED)。
1.1.2 儀器 掃描電子顯微鏡(Quanta 200)、雙頻超聲波清洗機(SB-5200D)、電熱鼓風干燥箱、集熱式恒溫加熱磁力攪拌器(DF-Ⅱ)。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 水凝膠的制備
1.2.2 表征和性能測試
2 結果與分析
2.1 掃描電鏡的形貌分析
冷凍經(jīng)干燥后的PAAM、P(AAM-co-MAA)水凝膠斷面的SEM表面形貌見圖1。這2種水凝膠在溶脹的時候都具有展開的微孔形貌特征,這種特殊結構與水凝膠的吸水及保水性關系密切[8]。通過比較發(fā)現(xiàn),這些水凝膠展現(xiàn)出不同的孔洞表面尺寸和孔洞密度,PAAM水凝膠的表面比較光滑,其網(wǎng)孔密度較大,網(wǎng)孔尺寸較小,P(AAM-co-MAA)水凝膠的網(wǎng)孔密度較小,網(wǎng)孔尺寸較大。這些結構的變化直接影響凝膠的膨脹性能。
2.2 水凝膠膨脹性能研究
2.2.1 不同組成水凝膠的膨脹性能
3 結論
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[7] CAO Y,LI S Z, XUE Z J, et al. Spectroscopic and electrical characterization of some aniline oligomers and polyaniline[J]. Synth Met,1986,12(10):305-316.
[8] HAIDER S, PARK S Y,SAEED K,et al. Swelling and electroresponsive characteristics of gelatin immobilized onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes[J]. Sens Actuators B,2007,124(2):517-528.
[9] TANAKA T, SUN S T,NISHIO I, et al. Phase transitions in ionic gels[J]. Physical Review Letters,1980,45(8):1636-1639.
[10] HUANG Y, YU H, XIAO C. pH-sensitive cationic guar gum poly (acrylic acid) polyelectrolyte hydrogels: Swelling and in vitro drug release[J]. Carbohyd Polym,2007,69(7):774-783.
[4] ALEXANDER P, ANITA J. Prausnitz, partitioning of proteins and small bio-molecules in temperature and pH-sensitive hydrogels[J]. Polymer,1996,37(8):2151-2164.
[5] TAE G P. Temperature modulated protein release from pH-temperature sensitive hydrogels[J]. Bio-materials,1999,20(8):517-521.
[6] SCHMEDLEN R H, MASTERS K S, WEST J L. Photocross- linkable polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels that can be modified with cell adhesion peptides for use in tissue engineering[J]. Biomsterials,2002,23(22):4325-4332.
[7] CAO Y,LI S Z, XUE Z J, et al. Spectroscopic and electrical characterization of some aniline oligomers and polyaniline[J]. Synth Met,1986,12(10):305-316.
[8] HAIDER S, PARK S Y,SAEED K,et al. Swelling and electroresponsive characteristics of gelatin immobilized onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes[J]. Sens Actuators B,2007,124(2):517-528.
[9] TANAKA T, SUN S T,NISHIO I, et al. Phase transitions in ionic gels[J]. Physical Review Letters,1980,45(8):1636-1639.
[10] HUANG Y, YU H, XIAO C. pH-sensitive cationic guar gum poly (acrylic acid) polyelectrolyte hydrogels: Swelling and in vitro drug release[J]. Carbohyd Polym,2007,69(7):774-783.