劉志琳,張 睿,李?yuàn)^強(qiáng),苗亮英
(蘭州交通大學(xué)數(shù)理與軟件工程學(xué)院,甘肅蘭州 730070)
一類具有比例依賴型捕食者-食餌擴(kuò)散模型的定性分析
劉志琳,張 睿,李?yuàn)^強(qiáng),苗亮英
(蘭州交通大學(xué)數(shù)理與軟件工程學(xué)院,甘肅蘭州 730070)
應(yīng)用線性化方法、上下解方法和迭代方法證明了具有比例依賴型的捕食者-食餌擴(kuò)散模型正平衡點(diǎn)的全局漸近穩(wěn)定性.
捕食者-食餌模型;比例依賴;正平衡點(diǎn);全局漸近穩(wěn)定
在生物群體動(dòng)力學(xué)研究中,模型的各種生命參數(shù)對(duì)種群長(zhǎng)時(shí)間行為的影響是一個(gè)重要的課題,如共存態(tài)、吸引子、持久性和平衡態(tài)解的收斂性等.本文對(duì)一下比例依賴型捕食者-食餌模型[1]進(jìn)行討論:
其中,U和V分別表示食餌和捕食者物種的密度,r和s是內(nèi)稟增長(zhǎng)率,k表示環(huán)境容納量,a表示捕食者的飽和率,m是捕食者的捕獲率,h是捕食者的轉(zhuǎn)化率.關(guān)于比例依賴型捕食者-食餌模型的一些主要結(jié)果參閱文獻(xiàn)[2-5].
模型(2)描述了捕食者-食餌種群在空間分布均勻時(shí)的增長(zhǎng)規(guī)律,當(dāng)種群增長(zhǎng)與空間分布相關(guān)時(shí),模型(2)所對(duì)應(yīng)的反應(yīng)擴(kuò)散問題為:
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[4] Bandyopadhyay M, Chattopadhyay J. Ratio-dependent predator-prey model: effect of environmental fluctuation and stability [J]. Nonlinearity, 2005, 18: 913-936.
[5] Tapan S, Malay B. Dynamical analysis of a delayed ratio-dependent prey-predator model within fluctuating environment [J]. Appl Math Comput, 2008, 196: 458-478.
[6] 葉其孝, 李正元. 反應(yīng)擴(kuò)散方程引論[M]. 第二版. 北京: 科學(xué)出版社, 2011: 30-137.
[7] 伏生茂, 閆莎. 含一個(gè)食餌和兩個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)捕食者種群模型解得整體性態(tài)[J]. 西北師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào): 自然科學(xué)版, 2010, (3): 1-5.
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A Qualitative Analysis of a Ratio-dependent Predator-prey Diffusive Model
LIU Zhilin, ZHANG Rui, LI Fenqiang, MIAO Liangying
(College of Mathematics, Physics and Software Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China 730070)
With the linearization method, upper and lower solutions, and iteration method, it is proved that in a diffusive ratio-dependent predator-prey model, the positive constant equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable.
Predator-prey Model; Ratio-dependent; Positive Equilibrium; Globally Asymptotically Stable.
O175.26
A
1674-3563(2013)03-0045-07
10.3875/j.issn.1674-3563.2013.03.008 本文的PDF文件可以從xuebao.wzu.edu.cn獲得
(編輯:王一芳)
2012-10-09
甘肅省自然科學(xué)基金(1107RJZA197);甘肅省教育廳碩導(dǎo)項(xiàng)目(1104-11)
劉志琳(1987- ),女,甘肅會(huì)寧人,碩士研究生,研究方向:偏微分方程及其應(yīng)用