陳潔文 康俊民
本冊(cè)教材我們學(xué)習(xí)了一些重要語法,為了幫助同學(xué)們復(fù)習(xí),下面將作簡要?dú)w納:
一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成為:主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分;當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞后面一般要加-s或-es。例如:
He often goes to see his grandmother. 他經(jīng)常去看望他的祖母。
The earth moves around the sun. 地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)。
【中考鏈接1】 Mid-Autumn Day usually ________ in September or October every year. (2008北京朝陽區(qū))
A. come B. comes
C. is coming D. will come
二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用來表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或用來描述一個(gè)頻繁發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。其構(gòu)成為:主語+be+動(dòng)詞-ing+其它成分。例如:
She is making dumplings now. 她正在包餃子。
My wife is always criticizing me. 我妻子總是指責(zé)我。
【中考鏈接2】 —Cindy, dinner is ready. Wheres John? —He _________ his homework in his room. (2008浙江溫州)
A. does B. did C. is doing D. will do
三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成,但它所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果對(duì)目前仍有影響,它也可表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,但一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。其構(gòu)成為:主語+have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其它成分。例如:
Mary has been ill for a week. 瑪麗已經(jīng)病了一個(gè)星期了。
I have finished my homework. 我已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)。
【中考鏈接3】 —Hello! Can I speak to Alice? —Sorry. She isnt here right now. She ________to the shop. (2008北京)
A. goes B. will go C. has gone D. was going
四、被動(dòng)語態(tài)
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:be+過去分詞。以下是幾種主要時(shí)態(tài)的主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別(以do為例):
【中考鏈接4】 —Whos the little baby in the photo, Susan?
—Its me. This photo _________ ten years ago. (2008 北京)
A. takes B. is taken C. took D. was taken
【中考鏈接5】 —Some of the plastic bags cant _________ after June 1.
—Yes, people will use environmental bags instead. (2008 湖北咸寧)
A. use B. be use C. be used D. are used
【中考鏈接6】 —Look at the sign on the right. —Oh, parking _________ here. (2008 河南)
A. doesnt allow B. isnt allowed C. didnt allow D. wasnt allowed
五、used to+動(dòng)詞原形
“used to+動(dòng)詞原形”常用于指過去的習(xí)慣、過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,現(xiàn)在不做了,這種句式只用于過去時(shí)態(tài);used to還可以指過去的存在狀態(tài),現(xiàn)在已不存在了。
其否定和疑問形式有兩種:didnt use to或used not to;Did ... use to?或Used ... to ...?例如:
I used to ride a bike to school. 我過去常騎車去學(xué)校。(而現(xiàn)在不騎車上學(xué)了)
Our company used to do business with theirs. 我們公司過去和他們的公司常有業(yè)務(wù)往來。(而現(xiàn)在沒有了) 【中考鏈接7】 She used to __________ with her parents, but now she is used to _________ with her classmates at school. (2008 山東泰州)
A. live; living B. live; live C. living; living D. living; live
Keys: 1~5 BCCDC 6~7 BA