巴彥淖爾：筑牢中國北方生態(tài)安全屏障

張敏嬌 段飛

巴彥淖爾市位于內蒙古西部，北部為烏拉特草原，中部為陰山山地，南部為河套平原。在蒙古語中，“巴彥”為“富饒”之意，“淖爾”為“湖泊”之意，“巴彥淖爾”意為“富饒的湖泊”。巴彥淖爾市境內有納林湖、黃河河套、鏡湖等旅游區(qū)，先后獲中國國際旅游文化目的地、國家園林城市等榮譽稱號。巴彥淖爾市公安機關緊盯黃河流域生態(tài)保護、野生動植物保護、草原林地保護等重點工作，2022年以來，共立涉環(huán)食藥領域刑事案件158起，破案137起，采取強制措施143人，移送起訴61起73人，涉案金額高達5.82億元。

守護“塞外明珠”

6月的烏梁素海天藍水碧、飛鳥翔集。幼鳥揮動著剛剛豐滿的羽翼，隨親鳥在碧波蕩漾的湖面上、隨風輕擺的葦叢中覓食休憩，構成一幅幅和諧共生的生態(tài)畫卷。

為保護黃河流域和自治區(qū)“一湖兩?！敝攸c區(qū)域生態(tài)環(huán)境，多渠道拓展案件線索，巴彥淖爾市公安局與巴彥淖爾市水利局聯(lián)合制定了《關于建立巴彥淖爾市黃河流域生態(tài)環(huán)境保護行刑銜接工作機制》，與鄂爾多斯市公安局制定區(qū)域協(xié)作機制，推動形成“行政執(zhí)法＋刑事打擊”“區(qū)域協(xié)作、情報互通、優(yōu)勢互補、資源共享”的協(xié)同共治格局，嚴厲打擊向黃河流域非法傾倒排放污染物、非法占用農用地，以及河道采砂，非法排放、傾倒、處置危險廢物、醫(yī)療廢物，干擾自動監(jiān)測設施等犯罪。

同時，聚焦野生動植物保護，服務黃河流域生物多樣性發(fā)展。持續(xù)加大對候鳥遷飛通道、棲息地、覓食地、繁殖地等遷徙路徑區(qū)域開展巡護、值守、排查力度，全面排查、清除和收繳轄區(qū)內的鳥網毒餌、鳥槍、誘捕器等非法捕殺器具，消除一切危害鳥類等野生動物的安全隱患。積極會同市場監(jiān)管、林草、交通運輸、網信等有關部門對轄區(qū)內集貿市場、花鳥市場、野生動物馴養(yǎng)繁殖場所、經營場所、餐館飯店、網絡平臺等開展聯(lián)合執(zhí)法檢查，多渠道掌握案件線索，形成執(zhí)法合力，嚴厲查處非法獵捕、收購、出售、攜帶、寄遞、食用候鳥等野生動物及其制品的違法犯罪行為。

位于黃河“幾字彎”頂部的烏梁素海是黃河流域最大的湖泊濕地和生物多樣性的重要種源庫，也是我國北方多個生態(tài)功能交匯區(qū)，是控制京津風沙源的天然生態(tài)屏障。治理好烏梁素海流域，對于保障我國北方生態(tài)安全具有十分重要的意義。烏梁素海治理和保護的方向是明確的，要用心治理、精心呵護，一以貫之、久久為功，守護好這顆“塞外明珠”，為子孫后代留下一個山青、水秀、空氣新的美麗家園。

烏拉特前旗公安局政委韓飛介紹說，烏拉特前旗公安局將繼續(xù)堅持“生態(tài)優(yōu)先、綠色發(fā)展”理念不動搖，配齊配強烏梁素海護海大隊，不間斷開展巡海、護海、打擊非法捕撈等工作，嚴厲打擊破壞野生動植物資源違法犯罪活動，對烏梁素海沿岸重點行業(yè)、企業(yè)等開展常態(tài)化隱患排查整治，全力抓好烏梁素海流域生態(tài)環(huán)境治理，統(tǒng)籌推進全流域生態(tài)修復、綜合治理和保護開發(fā)。

北疆綠色長城

烏蘭布和沙漠是我國八大沙漠之一，總面積約1500萬畝，其中近426萬畝分布在磴口縣境內。目前，有20多家民營企業(yè)發(fā)展沙產業(yè)，人工培育梭梭林50萬畝，人工嫁接肉蓯蓉14萬多畝，年產肉蓯蓉700多噸。

初夏時節(jié)，微風輕拂，烏蘭布和沙漠披金掛綠，湖泊水面波光粼粼，綠草、碧波、水鳥融為一體，美不勝收。一大早，磴口縣公安局烏蘭布和沙漠派出所所長白龍像往常一樣駕駛警車在沙漠公路上緩緩行駛巡邏，看著柴草網格鎖住的沙丘一一從眼前閃過。

前些日子，磴口縣公安局刑警大隊副大隊長秦精繁接到烏蘭布和沙漠腹地一家公司報警，有人在沙漠中盜挖肉蓯蓉。秦精繁迅速帶領同事們出發(fā)，現(xiàn)場將正在盜挖肉蓯蓉的9個人抓獲，及時為該公司挽回經濟損失5萬元。

巴彥淖爾公安聚焦草原林地保護，打擊破壞森林環(huán)境資源違法犯罪活動，對苗頭性傾向性問題露頭就打，使破壞草原林地現(xiàn)象得到有效遏制，成功破獲了楊某某無危險廢物經營許可證擅自進行危險廢物（廢機油）收集、貯存、利用和處置經營活動，引發(fā)火災事故污染環(huán)境等案件。

為了保護好生態(tài)建設成果，磴口縣公安局與縣林草局建立了森林草原案件行刑銜接機制，與生態(tài)環(huán)境局建立加強生態(tài)環(huán)境行政執(zhí)法與刑事司法銜接辦法。近3年共查處違法占用草原林地刑事案件80余起，有力地震懾了違法犯罪行為。

“我們要逐綠而行，久久為功，堅持山水林田湖草沙系統(tǒng)綜合治理，像愛護眼珠子一樣保護這里的一草一木?！表憧诳h副縣長、公安局長何蓉說。

“強邊固防直通車”

6月12日，在巴彥淖爾邊境管理支隊烏力吉邊境派出所轄區(qū)，一輛“強邊固防直通車”停在了優(yōu)秀護邊員布仁特古斯的家門口。民警一下車就把一沓報紙遞給了布仁，激動地與布仁一起討論著在今后的工作中如何不斷完善“民警+護邊員”巡防模式，強化群防群治力量建設，不斷提升管邊控邊能力。隨后布仁又騎上摩托車，帶上望遠鏡，與派出所民警一同前往邊境一線開展巡邏踏查。

烏力吉派出所北與蒙古國南戈壁省接壤，轄區(qū)面積5000平方公里，常住人口140多戶。針對轄區(qū)路況復雜、地廣人稀、管控不暢等問題，巴彥淖爾邊境管理支隊在邊境地區(qū)全面啟動“強邊固防直通車”，主要負責邊境踏查、信息搜集、法律宣傳、調解糾紛、打擊犯罪、代購物品、代送包裹等綜合服務?！爸蓖ㄜ嚮旧鲜敲恐芟聛硪惶?，有任何事情給他們反映都能及時得到解決，一看到這些民警我們就覺得特別安心，非常感謝他們?！睘趿獔D嘎查牧民蘇雅拉說。

目前，巴彥淖爾已開通14輛強邊固防直通車，覆蓋邊境7個蘇木鎮(zhèn)、3.4萬平方公里邊境轄區(qū)、369公里邊境線，累計出動車輛1.8萬輛次，行程270多萬公里，破獲涉邊案件700余起，服務群眾14萬人次，為群眾節(jié)省開支近千萬元。

第二屆“十大國門衛(wèi)士”、甘其毛都邊境派出所所長黃健表示，要不斷完善治安聯(lián)防、警務聯(lián)動、邊境聯(lián)控等工作機制，發(fā)揮好黨政軍警民合力強邊固防的獨特優(yōu)勢，為筑牢祖國北疆安全穩(wěn)定屏障貢獻自己的一份力量。

Northern China’s Ecological Security

By Zhang MinJiao&Duan Fei

Bayannur city is situated in the western part of China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region， bordered by the Urad Grassland to the north and the Hetao Plain to the south， with the Yinshan Mountains in the center. In Mongolian "Bayannur"means "a rich lake." Bayannur boasts various tourist destinations， including Nalin Lake， the Yellow River's Hetao Plain， and the Jinghu Ecotourism Area. Over time， it has earned prestigious titles including “China International Cultural Tourism Destination"and “National Garden City".The public security organs in Bayannur are dedicated to safeguarding the ecosystems of the Yellow River Basin and protecting wildlife， native grasslands， and woodlands. Since 2022， they have handled 158 criminal cases related to environmental protection， and food and drug safety. Among these， authorities solved 137 cases， brought 143 individuals into custody， tried 73 people in 61 cases. Illegally obtained money involved in these cases amounted to 582 million yuan.

The Pearl North of the Great Wall

In June， Wuliang Suhai Lake is a picturesque sight with its clear blue sky， pristine waters， and flocks of birds. Chicks can be seen practicing their flying skills， searching for food， or finding a peaceful spot to rest in the gently swaying reeds along the lake. This is a harmonious and important ecological area.

In order to safeguard the ecological environment of the Yellow River Basin and vital conservation areas of the three lakes in Inner Mongolia， and to explore more effective approaches to investigating criminal cases， the Public Security Bureau and Water Conservancy Bureau of Bayannur collaborated to develop the "Administrative Law Enforcement-Criminal Justice Dual Corresponding Mechanism for Ecological Environmental Protection in the Yellow River Basin". Additionally， they established a regional cooperation mechanism in conjunction with the Ordos Public Security Bureau to enhance implementation of the mechanism. This cooperative mechanism encourages regional collaboration， intelligence exchange， and resource sharing to address various illegal activities in the Yellow River Basin， such as pollutant dumping， illegal occupation of agricultural land， illegal river sand mining， unauthorized discharge into rivers， improper disposal of hazardous and medical waste， and tampering with surveillance equipment.

Meanwhile， the mechanism is focused on the protection of wildlife and promotion of biodiversity in the Yellow River Basin. The Public Security Bureau of Bayannur consistently enhance patrolling， monitoring， and surveillance efforts along animal migration routes， including migratory bird passages， habitats， foraging areas， and breeding grounds. They systematically investigate illegal hunting devices and equipments like bird nets， poison baits， hunting guns， and traps within their jurisdiction. Such items are promptly removed from markets and confiscated to eliminate potential hazards that could threaten the lives of birds and other wild animals. In close collaboration with various administrative agencies， such as market supervision， forestry and grassland， transportation， and network safety， they conduct inspections at street markets， flower and bird markets， locations involved in wild animal domestication and breeding， business premises， restaurants， and online platforms within their jurisdiction. They vigorously combat illegal activities related to wild animal hunting， as well as the buying， selling， carrying， transportation， and consumption of wild birds and other animals and their by-products， through various legal channels and coordinated law enforcement efforts.

Wuliang Suhai Lake， situated at the upper bend of the Yellow River， is the largest wetland in the Yellow River Basin and a vital source of biodiversity. It serves various ecological functions in northern China， including acting as a natural ecological barrier mitigating the influx of sandstorms that threaten the Beijing and Tianjin metropolitan areas. A healthy ecosystem in the Wuliang Suhai Lake Basin holds immense importance in safeguarding the ecological security of northern China. The core principle guiding the management and protection of Wuliang Suhai Lake is that unwavering dedication and relentless efforts are necessary to shield this "pearl north of the Great Wall". By doing so， authorities can leave behind a beautiful homeland， blessed with verdant mountains， pristine waters， and pure air， for future generations to enjoy.

Han Fei， political commissar of the Wulateqian Banner Public Security Bureau， emphasized the Bureau's commitment to environmentally friendly development. The Bureau pledged to make sure the patrolling team are fully equipped and staffed， enabling them to conduct consistent surveillance around the Wuliang Suhai Lake. Their priority is to crack down on illegal fishing and other criminal activities that harm wild animal and plant resources. The Bureau has taken a proactive approach by conducting regular investigations and rectifications to address hidden hazards in key industries and enterprises in the Wuliang Suhai Lake area. These initiatives ensure better management and improvement of the ecological environment in the Wuliang Suhai River Basin. Moreover， it fosters a systematic approach to promote ecological restoration， comprehensive administrative regulation， and sustainable development for the region.

The Green Great Wall in Northern China

The Ulan Buh Desert， one of China's eight major deserts， spans a vast area of approximately 2.5 million acres， with nearly 0.7 million acres located in Dengkou county. Currently， over 20 private enterprises are involved in sand mining operations in the region. To combat desertification， extensive efforts have been made to plant saxaul trees， covering an impressive area of around 80 thousand acres. Additionally， the Chinese herb Cistanche has been cultivated through artificial grafting， occupying more than 20 thousand acres， and yielding an annual output of over 700 tons.

Early summer will find gentle breezes caress the Ulan Buh Desert. The landscape transforms into a stunning combination of golden sands intermingled with lush greenery. The lake glistens with the sun's rays， and the fusion of green grass， serene waves， and graceful water birds paints a captivating scene. As part of his routine duties， Bai Long， the director of the Ulan Buh Desert police station of Dengkou County Public Security Bureau， embarks on his patrol inspection early in the morning. Slowly driving his patrol car along the desert road， he observes the sand dunes adorned with straw passing by one after another.

Recently， Qin Jingfan， deputy chief of the Criminal Police Brigade in Dengkou County Public Security Bureau， received a report from a company situated in the remote heartland of the Ulan Buh Desert. The report indicated a theft of cistanche plants from the desert. Without hesitation， Qin promptly mobilized his colleagues and led them to the location， where they immediately apprehended nine individuals in the act. Their swift action recovered economic losses of 50，000 yuan for the company.

The Bayannur Public Security Bureau places a strong emphasis on safeguarding grasslands and woodlands， taking decisive action against any illegal or criminal activities that could pose a threat to the forest's environment. They are proactive in addressing potential criminal activities， intervening early to prevent any further harm to the environment and effectively curbing the destruction of grasslands and woodlands. One important success involved a criminal surnamed Yang. Yang was involved in unauthorized collection， storage， recycling， and disposal of used motor oil without the a hazardous waste business license. His illegal actions caused fires and air pollution.

To make ecological conservation sustainable， the Dengkou County Public Security Bureau established a collaborative mechanism with both the County Forestry and Grassland Administrative Bureau and the Ecological Environment Bureau. This mechanism was put in place to address illegal activities related to forest， grassland， and ecological protection. During the last three years， their combined efforts led to the investigation and resolution of more than 80 criminal cases involving the illegal occupation of grasslands and woodlands. This success has proven to be a powerful deterrent against potential future criminal activities.

"We must pursue a long-term strategy for environmental conservation with unwavering determination. Our work should revolve around the principle of preserving mountains， rivers， forests， farmlands， lakes， grasslands， and desert in a holistic manner. We must protect these natural assets as we care for our own eyes，" emphasized He Rong， deputy county mayor of Dengkou County and director of the Public Security Bureau.

The Frontier Patrol Project

On June 12， in the jurisdiction of the Wuliji Border Police Station of the Bayannur Border Administrative Division， a car labeled “Frontier Patrol"came to a halt near the residence of border guard Burentegus. The police officers promptly got out of the car and handed him a stack of newspapers. They engaged in an enthusiastic discussion on ways to enhance their approach to patrolling， including collaboration between police and border guards， involving civilians in border defense， and future improvements in border control capabilities. After the discussion， Burentegus grabbed his binoculars， hopped onto his motorcycle， and joined the police in patrolling the border.

To the north of Wulji Police Station is the South Gobi Province of Mongolia. The station has jurisdiction over more than 140 permanent households， covering an area of 5，000 square kilometers. Sparsely populated， the region faces various challenges： intricate road conditions， and inadequate administration and border control management. To address these issues， the Bayannur Border Administrative Division initiated a comprehensive project called the Frontier Patrol Project. The project focuses on multiple aspects， such as conducting border inspections and gathering information， distributing legal information， intervening in civil disputes， preventing crime， handling overseas purchasing and package deliveries， and more. “The Stronger Border Defense Express Train visits our location almost weekly. In case of any trouble， we can rely on the police officers， and they will promptly resolve the issues for us. Their presence gives us a sense of security， and we are deeply grateful to them，" expressed Su Yala， a herdsman from Wulijitu village.

Currently， Bayannur operates a fleet of 14 Stronger Border Defense Express Train cars， providing coverage to seven towns situated along the expansive border area of 34，000 square kilometers， where the border boundary runs for 369 kilometers. The fleet has responded to over 18，000 service calls， covering an astonishing distance of more than 2.7 million kilometers. Thanks to the efficiency and dedication of the police force， over 700 border-related cases have been successfully resolved， benefiting more than 140，000 people who have received police services. Notably， the city’s efforts have resulted in significant cost savings of nearly 10 million yuan for ordinary citizens in the region.

Huang Jian， director of Ganqimaodu Border Police Station and one of the "Top Ten National Boundary Guards" ，emphasizes the need to make constant improvement on their daily work： their responses efficiency， border security management， and cooperation among public security agencies. Leveraging the unique advantages of collaboration between the Party， government， army， police， and the public is crucial to bolstering border security. By strengthening these efforts， the station aims to contribute significantly to the establishment of a secure and stable national safety barrier along China’s northern border.

（Translated by Wei Dong）