Unit 6 Disaster and hope

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練

根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示，用本部分所學(xué)單詞的正確形式填空。 單詞拼寫

1.Some natural d such as flood and sandstorm are more frequent because of human activities.

2.The volcano e? in 1980， destroying a large area of Washington state.

3.A good idea just o to me at once.

4.Today’s a of a peace agreement came after weeks of discussion.

5.Few people s after that flood. It made their family sad.

6.I went out today and bought a （管子） of tennis balls.

7.Parents spend $220 （多） a year on toys for their children.

8.Firefighters took action （立即） to stop the fire spreading.

9.It is possible to see the path of a （颶風(fēng)） in the video.

10.If you （比較） Doug’s work with Tom’s， you will find many differences.

用方框中所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。 選擇填空

in the face of react to deal with look through pick up

1.People speak highly of the boy’s bravery and calmness such an emergency.

2.It didn’t take me long to my friend at the airport the other day.

3.Peter starts the mail secretly as soon as the door of the office shuts.

4.We must take positive steps to the problem so as to avoid further troubles.

5.While most teachers would a child getting drunk quickly， they may ignore teenagers’ unimpressive action.

課文語法填空

Today， the temperature in London is expected （reach） 30 plus degrees！ Sure enough， （go） down the stairs and onto the platform is like jumping into a volcano that’s erupting. This， however， is nothing （compare） to the train. I’m sure the passenger next to me and I are melting and becoming one！

Each summer in London definitely seems （hot） than the last. I suddenly feel a bit scared. Perhaps now is the time to start planning for the future. My office is only on the （three） floor of the building， so quite low. I’ll speak with my manager about moving to the top floor. Most （important）， I will need to learn to swim！ Then I’ll be able to survive even when the tall buildings （flood）.

Looking through my newspaper， I’m shocked by photos showing a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town. Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate change. Now that is hard to avoid a disaster on Earth， perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space...

Stepping out of the station with a heavy heart， I suddenly feel a fresh wind on my face. Well， maybe I have been worrying too much. all， it’s only 30 degrees outside！

1. ? 2. ? 3. ? 4. ? 5.

6. ? 7. ? 8. ? 9. ? 10.

閱讀理解

A storm hit Houston， Texas， on Tuesday. It brought heavy rains and rising floodwaters. By Tuesday night， some parts of the city had received 10 inches of rain. Police and firefighters helped people move to safe places. They also saved people from cars and buses that were stuck （困住的） on roads. Certain areas around Houston were hit really hard. In just four hours， more than seven inches of rain fell in Sugar Land in the southwest of Houston. Cars could not pass through any of the area’s main roadways. On Twitter， Sugar Land city officials asked people to get to high ground.

Tuesday’s rain hit parts of Texas that Hurricane Harvey had already damaged almost two years ago. Hurricane Harvey was the second most costly hurricane in US history. It caused $125 billion worth of damage in Texas. In the Houston area， 36 people died and about 150，000 homes were flooded.

A spokesman for the Harris County Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Management said that this week’s rain “is not in any way a Harvey-level event”.

But the worst may not be over yet. People will have a break from the heavy rain on Wednesday.

According to the National Weather Service， the Texas Gulf Coast will continue to experience heavy rain later in the week. “Today should be our quietest over the next few days for rainfall，” said Don Oettinger， a National Weather Service meteorologist （氣象學(xué)家）.

Houston Fire Chief Samuel Peia warned， “As there is too much water on the ground and flash floods are likely to happen， we hope people are careful of what they’re doing and encourage them to stay home. There’s no sense in putting yourself， firefighters or anybody in danger needlessly.”

1. What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about？

A. Climate change in Houston. B. Flood prevention in Houston.

C. Heavy floods hitting Houston. D. People fighting floods in Houston.

2. What can we learn about Hurricane Harvey？

A. It caused no deaths or injuries. B. It did a lot of damage to Texas.

C. It was less serious than this week’s rain. D. It was the biggest hurricane on record.

3. What can we learn from the weather report of the National Weather Service？

A. Fine days are coming. B. Floods will continue.

C. A hurricane is unavoidable. D. It will rain a little non-stop.

4. What did Samuel advise local people to do？

A. Stay indoors. B. Join firefighters.

C. Give up needless things. D. Comfort those who lost homes.

閱讀七選五

Floods can strike quickly and with little warning in many parts of the world. Surviving a flood is a matter of preparation and correct action as soon as the disaster begins.

· Make a flood survival plan.

Pick several meeting spots in case you need to leave home， such as a friend’s home in a safe town or a shelter in your area. Make sure everyone in the family knows where these locations are and how to get there. Make sure the shelters and the routes to them are through high ground.

·

You may have only a short time to escape. Act quickly， using your planned route. Head to the chosen shelters during flood warnings. When emergency services tell you to leave， follow their advice. Move to higher ground away from water. Whether you are on foot or have to give up your car， higher ground is your best option. If you’re stuck at home， head for the roof if you can do so safely.

Avoid crossing through water. Water up to your ankles （腳踝） is enough to be dangerous. When you’re not sure of the water depth， don’t risk it. Use it to measure the water’s depth and feel for stable （穩(wěn)固的） ground.

· Follow news and warnings.

Flooding information can be found on your local news or weather station’s TV channel or website. Also， listen to local radio stations for regular updates.

· Watch out for damaged areas.

Roads and other paths may have been destroyed. Stay off bridges. The soil under usual routes will be soft and less able to support the weight of vehicles. Find other routes over high ground or wait for the authorities to indicate which roads are safe.

A. Escape flood waters.

B. Protect your home during a flood.

C. If you have to go through water， bring a stick.

D. Sit down with your family to establish a plan of action.

E. If your car gets stuck in water， open or break the windows.

F. Here are some tips to help you and your family survive a flood.

G. You should receive weather information to monitor changes in the weather.

1. ? 2. ? 3. ? 4. ? 5.

Section Ⅱ Using language

基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練

在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 單句語法填空

1.Before the film began， each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actress in the research （grab） her food first.

2.They need a （rely） method to control the birth rate.

3.We were happy to learn that all the tourists （rescue） from the accident.

4.This is a terrible illness， which （threat） human health.

5.The tree over there is so tall that I suppose it （measure） nearly twenty meters.

6.You should make a list first and then describe the event （precise）.

7.The wound on the soldier’s leg is （exceptional） severe and an immediate cure should be carried out.

8.I’ll take an express train to Deli for my holiday （immediate） the school ends.

9.Older people should be forgiven for their difficulty in using electronic devices. all， they can’t accept new things quickly.

10.It suddenly occurs me that I forgot to do my task given by the teacher.

根據(jù)漢語提示，結(jié)合本單元所學(xué)語法知識完成句子。 完成句子

1. Some of you may have finished Unit One. （如果是這樣的話）， you can go on to Unit Two.

2. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street， but his mother （告訴他別這樣做）.

3. （如果她在這兒的話）， she would agree with us.

4. His opinion， whether （對或錯）， will be considered.

5. You may ask him questions （如果有問題）.

用省略形式改寫句子。 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換

1. When I am in trouble， I always turn to her for help.

When ， I always turn to her for help.

2. While we were there， we were thinking of you all the time.

， we were thinking of you all the time.

3. He works very hard though he is still weak.

， he works very hard.

4. When it is necessary， you can help us to do something.

， you can help us to do something.

5. Some books are to be tasted， while others are to be understood.

Some books are to be tasted， while .

能力提升

完形填空

The Cajun Navy is a group of volunteer small boat owners who help people during bad storms and floods. The group volunteering during Hurricane Katrina. During that storm alone， they more than 10，000 people from flooded homes and rooftops！ Since then， they have saved more around the US！ The Cajun Navy has gone to save during many of the worst that hit the US， such as Hurricane Harvey and Hurricane Florence.

Using their ， they always go into places where people and animals are troubled by floodwaters. They bring their small boats and great skills to find those who are and then they them to safety. How strong and they are in struggling with floodwaters！

Many of the volunteers are fishermen and boat pilots. They， who come from the southeast United States， are expert in through a series of swamps （沼澤） and narrow waterways. The skills they have help them find the way around floodwaters.

A reporter his feelings and meanwhile them after the Cajun Navy stepped in to help during bad flooding in Louisiana. “The were volunteers from the Cajun Navy， who had no degrees， no uniforms， no medals awarded to them for acts of bravery. It was a（n） heart， not a directorial officer， that called them into risky currents to carry citizens to higher and safer ground，” he said.

The Cajun Navy is a great example of character in action. They do also others. And more and more volunteers join the group. They often put themselves in danger to others. And they do not do it for money or attention， but because they can help and they want to help.

1. A. continued B. started C. considered D. enjoyed

2. A. knew B. met C. rescued D. prevented

3. A. animals B. money C. food D. lives

4. A. raindrops B. windstorms C. sandstorms D. rainfalls

5. A. boats B. trucks C. bikes D. cars

6. A. in danger B. in place C. out of trouble D. out of order

7. A. put B. invite C. transport D. support

8. A. serious B. brave C. clever D. careful

9. A. honest B. tidy C. skilled D. young

10. A. sailing B. looking C. walking D. driving

11. A. peaceful B. mixed C. limited D. powerful

12. A. expressed B. controlled C. valued D. ignored

13. A. thanked B. praised C. remembered D. asked

14. A. passers-by B. farmers C. workers D. heroes

15. A. military B. real C. formal D. meaningful

16. A. healthy B. ordinary C. thoughtless D. selfless

17. A. escaped B. separated C. endangered D. injured

18. A. admire B. inspire C. adopt D. investigate

19. A. trouble B. excuse C. help D. consider

20. A. also B. usually C. almost D. only

語法填空

Last Friday storm swept through two villages in the New Territories， destroying fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged their owners had to leave them， and fifteen others had broken windows or roofs. One person was killed， several were （serious） hurt and taken to hospital， and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were （home） after the storm. A farmer， Mr Tan， said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour.

“I （eat） with my wife and children，” he said，? “when we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best （climb） out but then I found one of my children （miss）. I went back inside and found him， safe very frightened.”

Mrs Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children.

Soldiers helped to take people out of the （flood） area and the welfare （福利救濟(jì)） department brought （they） food， clothes and shelter.

1. ? 2. ? 3. ? 4. ? 5.

6. ? 7. ? 8. ? 9. ? 10.

短文改錯

Last Sunday I saw a worst storm in years. The air was hot， and all were quiet. Then a strong wind started to blow into my room. Pieces of paper on my desk flew highly into the air， some fly out of the open window. As I ran out to catch it， big drops of rain began fall. When I returned back into the house， it was raining harder and harder. Then I hear a loud crashing sound from the back of the house. When I ran out to find out that had happened， a big tree had fallen down and broke the top of the backroom.

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas

基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練

用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 單詞填空

1.The government made an that all the details should through the broadcast. （announce）

2.This kind of cloud is a result of a volcanic which on March 20， for the first time since 1821. （erupt）

3.The study on people remembering what they had done over each ten years of their lives， so it’s not entirely . （rely）

4.They so many times but all your fall on deaf ears. （threat）

5.The helps her quickly understand how data collecting is done differently in Spain to New Zealand. （compare）

6.The new study a full range of pollutants， acid gases and heavy metals. （include）

7.There are many to make the length of the river . （measure）

8.Another problem is that you’re you need the same number of hours of sleep every night， which is a false . （assume）

9.He is a ， because he has skills. （survive）

10.She is so lucky to be that she believes she is in love with her . （rescue）

根據(jù)括號內(nèi)提示翻譯句子。 單句表達(dá)

1. 學(xué)生應(yīng)該總是提醒自己上課不要遲到。（remind sb to do sth）

2. 我們在一個安全的地方躲避暴風(fēng)雨。（take shelter）

3. 我突然意識到，這些家伙已經(jīng)在我前面了。（all of a sudden）

4. 如果有可能，提前告訴我們結(jié)果。（if的省略結(jié)構(gòu)）

5. 被昆蟲叮咬了，她涂了一些藥在皮膚上。（過去分詞作狀語）

提示寫作

選用所給詞匯或句型造句并組成一段連貫的短文（80詞左右）。

stay away from move to deal with in the face of threat occur

Here are some tips on... It is important that...

閱讀理解

A

A tornado （龍卷風(fēng)） is a disaster; the death and damage it may leave behind is heartbreaking. And while the arrival of a hurricane is known in advance by days of warning， tornadoes strike suddenly. Those in the path of a tornado may have 15 minutes’ warning， if that. That makes safety measures for tornadoes important for survival.

What can you do to protect your family from something like that？

Before a storm

· If you live in an area where tornadoes often strike， consider building a safe room in your home or make a bedroom or bathroom strong enough.

· Pack an emergency preparedness kit （應(yīng)急箱） that will meet the needs of you and your family for three days. You should put food and water for three days， batteries， first-aid kit， local maps and toilet paper in an emergency preparedness kit. Other things to consider include sleeping bags or blankets， books， puzzles and games for children.

· Pay special attention to weather. Look for the following danger signs： dark， greenish sky， a large， dark cloud， and loud noise.

Safety measures during a storm

· In a public building， go to a shelter area such as a safe room， basement or the lowest building level.

· If you’re in a mobile home， get out quickly and go to the lowest floor of a nearby building or a storm shelter.

· If caught in the open， lie down in a lower area and cover your head with your hands.

Safety measures after a storm

· Pay attention to the danger created by tornado damage such as broken glass and broken electrical wire （電線）. These are all dangerous.

· Check for injuries， but don’t try to move someone who is seriously injured unless they are in immediate danger of death or further injury.

1. Why does the author speak of a hurricane？

A. To attract readers. B. To introduce a natural disaster.

C. To stress a hurricane also causes damage. D. To say it is important to prepare for a tornado.

2. What should be put in your emergency preparedness kit？

A. A pencil. B. A world map. C. A battery. D. A phone card.

3. What should people do when a tornado strikes？

A. Stay still when in the office. B. Leave a mobile house at once.

C. Cover your ears if in the open air. D. Prepare an emergency preparedness kit.

4. What is the text mainly about？

A. Safety measures for tornadoes. B. Some danger signs of tornadoes.

C. The damage caused by tornadoes. D. The importance of a shelter in tornadoes.

B

Rivers are very important. Humans rely on them for food and water. But rivers can destroy things， too. They can flood， or rise over their banks， making the water run into the nearby land. Floods can also kill humans and other creatures. However， floods are not always bad. Some ecosystems need them every once in a while.

Flooding can not only drown animals but also destroy habitats （棲息地）. For example， a flood in India killed many one-horned rhinos. Flood waters can pick up dirt from riverbanks， which makes the water dirty. Too much dirt will clog rivers and streams， preventing the river from flowing. Sometimes flood waters can carry pollution to the sea and harm life. In addition， flood waters can carry disease.

However， not everything about floods is bad. Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems. Flood waters carry nutrients （營養(yǎng)的） to the nearby land. Over time， the water dries up and leaves behind particles （微粒） of dirt. The particles can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and help plants grow. Floods are important to some animals as well. For instance， some animals see floods as a sign that it is time to migrate. Floods leave these particles on river beds where baby fish can grow and carry nutrients for small animals in the water to eat. Moreover， in dry seasons， water might dry up， but floods help refill the wetlands， keeping the ecosystem going.

Floods are a part of nature. They can destroy living things and the environment. But some ecosystems need floods to survive.

5. What is the possible meaning of the underlined word “clog” in Paragraph 2？

A. Become. B. Pollute. C. Block. D. Develop.

6. How do floods help ecosystems？

A. They give nutrients to soil.

B. They make animals migrate easily.

C. Tiny fish in floods feed some animals.

D. They can remove the dirt and help plants grow.

7. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？

A. An effective means of improving soil. B. The benefits of floods to ecosystems.

C. The way in which floods feed animals. D. The reason for people’s dislike of floods.

8. What can be the best title of the text？

A. The Bad Effects of Flooding B. The Secret of Flooding

C. Floods—a Natural Disaster D. Floods—a Part of Nature

完形填空

There was a village which lived on fishing， and a volunteer rescue team was needed in of emergency. One night， the winds hard， the clouds burst and a strong storm overturned （推翻） a fishing boat at sea. The people on board were in trouble and they the SOS. The captain of the rescue team sounded the alarm and the villagers quickly in the town square， overlooking the sea. When the team started their boat and fought their way through the waves， the villagers waited nervously on the beach， lamps to light the way back.

An hour later， the rescue boat reappeared through the fog and the hoping villagers ran to the volunteers. Falling on the sand， tired out， the volunteers that the rescue boat could not hold any more and they had to leave one man behind. Even one more passenger would have surely overturned the rescue boat and all would have been .

Anxiously， the captain called for another volunteer team to the survivor. Sixteen-year-old Hans stepped forward. His mother grabbed his arm， ， “Please don’t go. Your father in a shipwreck （海難） 10 years ago and your older brother， Paul， also has been lost at for three weeks. Hans， you are all I have left.”

Hans replied， “Mother， I have to go. If said ‘I can’t go， let someone else do it’， there will be nobody going to . Mother， this time I have to do my duty.” Hans kissed his mother， joined the team and into the night.

Another hour passed， which seemed to Hans’ mother like a century. ， the rescue boat rushed through the fog with Hans standing up in the bow （船首）. Cupping his hands， the captain ， “Did you find the lost man？” Hardly able to control himself， Hans cried back， “Yes， we found him. Tell my mother it’s my older brother， Paul！”

1. A. charge B. need C. case D. honour

2. A. beat B. blew C. happened D. worked

3. A. sent out B. took over C. dealt with D. set off

4. A. hid B. followed C. gathered D. struggled

5. A. wild B. calm C. deep D. small

6. A. making B. holding C. selling D. watching

7. A. surprise B. feed C. warn D. greet

8. A. replied B. heard C. reported D. decided

9. A. villagers B. workers C. captains D. passengers

10. A. lost B. rescued C. hurt D. seen

11. A. hunt after B. look for C. discuss with D. fight for

12. A. shouting B. explaining C. singing D. crying

13. A. died B. fell C. stayed D. worked

14. A. home B. sea C. school D. hotel

15. A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. nobody

16. A. help B. plan C. sleep D. study

17. A. looked B. disappeared C. came D. jumped

18. A. Immediately B. Firstly C. Actually D. Finally

19. A. smiled B. waved C. thought D. called

20. A. hopelessly B. sadly C. excitedly D. warmly

Writing

話題表達(dá)指導(dǎo)

話題介紹

話題：自然災(zāi)害避災(zāi)指南。要求運(yùn)用本單元的核心知識描述自然災(zāi)害，并針對該自然災(zāi)害提出可行的避災(zāi)建議。

建議體裁：應(yīng)用文、說明文。

注意事項：要簡潔凝練地提出建議。具體見下表：

題例導(dǎo)學(xué)

題目

假如你是李華，你們學(xué)校英文報將在“世界災(zāi)難日”舉辦如何在海嘯中保護(hù)自己的征文比賽，請你寫一篇建議信參賽。內(nèi)容包括：

1. 寫信目的；

2. 你對海嘯的了解；

3. 逃生建議；

4. 祝福。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右；

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

思路引導(dǎo)1·要點分析

1. 寫作目的：了解海嘯，知道如何保護(hù)自己；

2. 對海嘯的了解：形成原因及其表現(xiàn)等；

3. 建議：提前預(yù)警、跑向高處、抓緊枝條等；

4. 祝福：保護(hù)自己，遠(yuǎn)離危險。

思路引導(dǎo)2·本單元語言知識運(yùn)用

根據(jù)漢語意思及提示翻譯句子。

1．我寫信是想講述一些關(guān)于海嘯的事情，并就海嘯發(fā)生時如何保護(hù)自己給你一些建議。（when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句）

2．海嘯通常是由發(fā)生在海洋中的強(qiáng)烈地震引起的。（that引導(dǎo)的定語從句）

3．了解預(yù)警系統(tǒng)是至關(guān)重要的，這樣我們才能做好準(zhǔn)備。（be aware of）

4．我們必須盡快向高地跑去，否則就有危險。（otherwise引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句）

5．我希望所有人都能保護(hù)好自己，遠(yuǎn)離危險，過上幸福的生活。（protect... from...）

思路引導(dǎo)3·連句成篇

范例展示

Dear readers，

I’m writing to tell you something about tsunamis and give you some advice on how to protect us when tsunamis break out. Tsunamis are usually caused by strong earthquakes that happen in oceans. Great sea waves will be pushed towards shores with great speed. Here are some suggestions.

First， when we are near the shore， it’s important to be aware of the warning system so that we can be prepared. Second， we must run towards high land， otherwise we’d be in danger. Holding to branches， we can also save our lives. I hope all of us can protect ourselves from dangers and live a happy life.

Yours，

Li Hua

話題表達(dá)

請你根據(jù)已知的防洪抗災(zāi)知識，以“Flood Safety Guidelines”為題，寫一篇短文。內(nèi)容包括：

1．洪水的危害和防洪的重要性；

2．洪水到來之前應(yīng)該做哪些準(zhǔn)備；

3．發(fā)生洪水時應(yīng)做些什么以及不能做什么。

參考詞匯：first aid kit 急救箱

注意：

1．詞數(shù)100左右；

2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Flood Safety Guidelines

Section Ⅳ Presenting ideas

核心短語與句型回顧

短語

1. up 撿起；拾起

2. conditioning 空調(diào)

3. go the stairs 下樓

4. compare 與……相比

5. it to 到達(dá)；趕上

6. through 瀏覽

7. that 既然

8. move to 遷往太空

9. on 依靠；依賴

10. of? 由……組成

11. in 導(dǎo)致

12. to 導(dǎo)致；造成（后果）

13. fly 飛出；飛跑

14. all of a 突然地，出乎意料地

15. then 到那時候

16. into 變成

17. in 幾秒鐘內(nèi)

18. in the air? 在戶外，露天

19. keep 持續(xù)，繼續(xù)

20. up at 抬頭看，往上看

21. yet to 還沒有

22. away 吹走

句型

1. now that 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句

（既然很難避免） a disaster on Earth， perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space.

2. whether… or…

Unusual animal behaviour， for example， can indicate （是寒冷潮濕的天氣） that’s on the way （還是炎熱干燥的天氣）.

3. Sb be doing sth when…

（我正坐在房間里） with my cat， Smartie， on my lap， （這時） the roof just flew off.

請根據(jù)提示，運(yùn)用本單元核心知識就“地震安全指南”的話題，談?wù)勀愕目捶?。同大家分享并介紹你所知道的地震發(fā)生時有效保護(hù)自己的建議。

提示：需用以下句型。

1. You’d better…

2. It is important （not） to do…

3. Remember （not） to do…