余淑嬌 熊江彪 李慧 吳銳
【摘 要】目的:探討巨噬細(xì)胞移動(dòng)抑制因子(MIF)在銀屑病關(guān)節(jié)炎(PsA)中的表達(dá)及其與PsA疾病活動(dòng)度的相關(guān)性。方法:納入40例PsA患者為PsA組,按照DAS28評(píng)分≤2.6分為PsA靜止組,DAS28評(píng)分 ﹥2.6分為PsA疾病活動(dòng)組;同時(shí)招募年齡、性別匹配的健康體檢者20例為健康對(duì)照組。采用ELISA法檢測(cè)研究對(duì)象血清MIF、腫瘤壞死因子-α(TNF-α)、紅細(xì)胞沉降率(ESR)、C反應(yīng)蛋白(CRP)水平,比較PsA組與健康對(duì)照組、PsA疾病活動(dòng)組與PsA靜止組之間實(shí)驗(yàn)室指標(biāo)的差異。結(jié)果:PsA組患者血清MIF水平顯著高于健康對(duì)照組(P ﹤ 0.05),PsA疾病活動(dòng)組患者血清MIF水平顯著高于PsA靜止組(P ﹤ 0.05)。PsA組患者外周血TNF-α、ESR、CRP水平顯著高于健康對(duì)照組(P ﹤ 0.05),PsA疾病活動(dòng)組患者外周血TNF-α、ESR、CRP水平均高于PsA靜止組(P ﹤ 0.05)。MIF水平分別與TNF-α、ESR、CRP水平呈正相關(guān)(r = 0.476,P = 0.002;r = 0.465,P = 0.003;r = 0.418,P = 0.007)。結(jié)論:血清MIF在PsA患者疾病活動(dòng)期高表達(dá),MIF可能參與PsA的發(fā)生及疾病進(jìn)展,并與PsA的疾病活動(dòng)度呈正相關(guān)。因此,抑制MIF有望成為PsA治療的新靶點(diǎn)。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 銀屑病關(guān)節(jié)炎;巨噬細(xì)胞移動(dòng)抑制因子;疾病活動(dòng)度;相關(guān)性;炎性指標(biāo)
Study on the Role of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in the Activity of Psoriatic Arthritis
YU Shu-jiao,XIONG Jiang-biao,LI Hui,WU Rui
【ABSTRACT】Objective:To investigate the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)in psoriatic arthritis(PsA)and its correlation with disease activity of PsA.Methods:Forty patients with PsA were included into the PsA group.According to DAS28 score,they were divided into the PsA static group(DAS28≤2.6)and the PsA disease active group(DAS28 > 2.6).At the same time,twenty-aged and sex-matched health examinees were recruited into the healthy control group.Detection of the levels of serum MIF,TNF-α,ESR and CRP was made and the comparisons between the PsA group and the healthy control group,between the PsA disease active group and the PsA static group were done to know the differences in laboratory indicators.Results:The serum MIF level of patients in the PsA group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group(P < 0.05) and the serum MIF level of patients in the PsA disease active group was significantly higher than that in the PsA static group(P < 0.05).The levels of TNF-α,ESR and CRP in peripheral blood in the PsA group were significantly higher than those of the healthy control group(P < 0.05).The levels of TNF-α,ESR and CRP in peripheral blood in the PsA disease active group were higher than those of the PsA static group(P < 0.05).MIF level was positively correlated with the levels of ESR and CRP(r = 0.476,P = 0.002;r = 0.465,P = 0.003;r = 0.418,P = 0.007).Conclusion:Serum MIF is highly expressed in the active phase of the PsA patients.MIF may participate in the occurrence and progression of PsA,and is positively correlated with the disease activity of PsA.Therefore,inhibition of MIF is expected to become a new target for PsA treatment.
【Keywords】 psoriatic arthritis;macrophage migration inhibitory factor;disease activity;relevance;inflammatory index
銀屑病關(guān)節(jié)炎(psoriatic arthritis,PsA)是一種與銀屑病相關(guān)的慢性進(jìn)展性自身炎癥性疾病,主要表現(xiàn)為外周關(guān)節(jié)炎、指(趾)炎、附著點(diǎn)炎和脊柱關(guān)節(jié)炎等,臨床表現(xiàn)有較高的異質(zhì)性,表現(xiàn)形式多樣,診斷困難,且具有較高的致殘率,嚴(yán)重影響患者的生活質(zhì)量和工作能力[1-2]。PsA尚無特異性診斷方法,目前診斷是基于其臨床表現(xiàn)、血清學(xué)標(biāo)志物[如腫瘤壞死因子-α(TNF-α)、紅細(xì)胞沉降率(ESR)、C反應(yīng)蛋白(CRP)]評(píng)估炎癥情況、X線或磁共振掃描評(píng)估是否有關(guān)節(jié)損害。巨噬細(xì)胞移動(dòng)抑制因子(MIF)是一種多功能促炎細(xì)胞因子,在先天和適應(yīng)性免疫反應(yīng)中起主導(dǎo)作用,已知參與多種自身免疫性疾?。?-4],可用于早期診斷和治療干預(yù)的標(biāo)志物,對(duì)抑制炎癥和控制疾病進(jìn)展幫助極大。但是,MIF是否參與PsA發(fā)生、發(fā)展尚缺乏研究。因此,本研究旨在探討MIF在PsA患者外周血中表達(dá)及其與疾病活動(dòng)度的相關(guān)性。在此項(xiàng)研究中,通過評(píng)估PsA患者28個(gè)關(guān)節(jié),以確定其臨床疾病活動(dòng)度評(píng)分(DAS28評(píng)分)[5];檢測(cè)其外周血炎性指標(biāo)(TNF-α、ESR、CRP),判定PsA患者的疾病活動(dòng)度情況;通過分析MIF與上述指標(biāo)之間的相關(guān)性,探討MIF在PsA疾病活動(dòng)度中的作用。
1 資料與方法
1.1 研究對(duì)象 選取2017年1月至2021年10月在南昌大學(xué)第一附屬醫(yī)院風(fēng)濕免疫科就診的門診及住院PsA患者40例為PsA組,診斷按照2006年美國(guó)風(fēng)濕病學(xué)會(huì)(ACR)修訂的PsA CASPAR分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[6];同時(shí)招募年齡、性別匹配的健康體檢者20例為健康對(duì)照組。所有研究對(duì)象排除心、肺、肝、腎等重要臟器疾病。
1.2 研究方法 收集40例PsA患者的基本信息、實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查結(jié)果、臨床特點(diǎn)等進(jìn)行分析。按照DAS28評(píng)分對(duì)患者進(jìn)行評(píng)估,DAS28評(píng)分≤2.6分為靜止期,﹥2.6分為疾病活動(dòng)期[7]。實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查包括血清MIF表達(dá)水平及外周血TNF-α、ESR、CRP水平等。采用ELISA法檢測(cè)外周血MIF、TNF-α表達(dá)水平,測(cè)定通過商業(yè)ELISA試劑盒(分別為北京四正柏生物科技有限公司和Invitrogen USA),根據(jù)說明書進(jìn)行定量檢測(cè)。MIF檢測(cè)靈敏度 < 15 pg·mL-1,TNF-α檢測(cè)靈敏度為1.7 pg·mL-1。魏式法檢測(cè)ESR水平,速率散射比濁法檢測(cè)CRP水平。
1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法 采用SPSS 22.0軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。計(jì)量資料符合正態(tài)分布以表示,采用t檢驗(yàn);不符合正態(tài)分布以中位數(shù)和四分位數(shù)間距[M(P25,P75)]表示,采用Mann-Whitney U檢驗(yàn);計(jì)數(shù)資料以構(gòu)成比表示,采用χ2檢驗(yàn);相關(guān)性分析采用Pearson檢驗(yàn)。以P < 0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2 結(jié) 果
2.1 2組外周血MIF、TNF-α、ESR及CRP水平比較 PsA組患者血清MIF表達(dá)水平顯著高于健康對(duì)照組(P < 0.05),且PsA組患者外周血TNF-α、ESR及CRP水平顯著高于健康對(duì)照組(P < 0.05)。見表1。PsA疾病活動(dòng)組患者血清MIF表達(dá)水平顯著高于PsA靜止組(P < 0.05),且PsA疾病活動(dòng)組患者外周血TNF-α、ESR及CRP水平顯著高于PsA靜止組(P < 0.05)。見表2。
2.2 MIF表達(dá)水平與TNF-α、ESR、CRP水平及DAS28評(píng)分相關(guān)性分析 PsA組患者外周血MIF表達(dá)水平與TNF-α水平呈正相關(guān)(r = 0.476,P = 0.002);與ESR水平呈正相關(guān)(r = 0.465,P = 0.003);與CRP水平呈正相關(guān)(r = 0.418,P = 0.007);與DAS28評(píng)分呈正相關(guān)(r = 0.690,P < 0.001)。
3 討 論
PsA是一種慢性炎癥性自身免疫性疾病。由于基因、環(huán)境和免疫功能紊亂之間復(fù)雜的相互作用,其病因與CD8+ T細(xì)胞和CD4+T細(xì)胞對(duì)促炎細(xì)胞因子的失調(diào)反應(yīng)有關(guān),細(xì)胞因子分泌異常是PsA發(fā)生、發(fā)展的重要機(jī)制[8-9]。PsA的主要病理改變是炎性細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)關(guān)節(jié)滑膜,引起骨質(zhì)破壞,最終導(dǎo)致軟骨侵蝕及關(guān)節(jié)破壞。
MIF是由活化的T細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生表達(dá)于單核細(xì)胞、淋巴細(xì)胞及白細(xì)胞等,是一種促炎細(xì)胞因子,能夠通過誘導(dǎo)TNF-α表達(dá),參與PsA炎性反應(yīng)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),MIF可上調(diào)與軟骨破壞相關(guān)的基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶的表達(dá),從而誘導(dǎo)蛋白激酶參與關(guān)節(jié)破壞的過程[10-11]。體外實(shí)驗(yàn)也顯示,MIF可使成纖維細(xì)胞樣滑膜細(xì)胞顯著增殖及T細(xì)胞活化,可能與PsA關(guān)節(jié)炎性反應(yīng)及骨破壞相關(guān)[12]。文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道,MIF表達(dá)基因-173*G水平與PsA疾病活動(dòng)度相關(guān)[10]。此外,MIF表達(dá)水平與類風(fēng)濕關(guān)節(jié)炎、系統(tǒng)性紅斑狼瘡和銀屑病等自身免疫性疾病有關(guān)[13-15]。本研究結(jié)果顯示,PsA組血清MIF水平顯著高于健康對(duì)照組,且PsA疾病活動(dòng)組血清MIF水平顯著高于PsA靜止組,同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn),在PsA患者外周血中TNF-α表達(dá)增加。TNF-α是具有多種生物學(xué)活性的促炎因子,能夠誘導(dǎo)趨化因子、基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶及炎性介質(zhì)的合成,導(dǎo)致關(guān)節(jié)與軟骨的炎癥損傷[16]。
DAS28評(píng)分是反映PsA患者疾病進(jìn)展的關(guān)鍵指標(biāo),與PsA病情密切相關(guān),分值越高,表明患者的病情越嚴(yán)重。本研究結(jié)果還表明,PsA患者血清MIF水平與DAS28評(píng)分呈正相關(guān),且PsA患者血清MIF水平與TNF-α、ESR及CRP水平呈正相關(guān),符合之前研究的MIF是炎癥免疫反應(yīng)中的重要炎癥細(xì)胞因子的結(jié)論。
綜上所述,PsA組及PsA疾病活動(dòng)組患者血清MIF水平高表達(dá),且與其他炎性指標(biāo)呈正相關(guān),提示MIF可能參與PsA慢性進(jìn)展性炎癥性過程,血清MIF水平可作為PsA早期診斷和病情評(píng)估的生物標(biāo)志物。進(jìn)一步研究其在PsA炎癥中的具體機(jī)制,抑制MIF有望為PsA治療新的靶點(diǎn)。
參考文獻(xiàn)
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收稿日期:2022-10-22;修回日期:2022-12-08