微笑會(huì)傳染

廣東 譙 麗

珍妮特的好朋友埃米對(duì)要經(jīng)過性格古怪的道森先生的家門口感到畏懼，想繞道而行。珍妮特會(huì)怎么做呢？看見珍妮特，道森先生又會(huì)做出什么舉動(dòng)呢？

______題材____哲理故事體裁_________記敘文___________文章詞數(shù)_________327__________難度_________★★★_________建議用時(shí)___5分鐘_____

In a town lived an old man named Mr Dawson. In his garden, there was a big apple tree which bore many attractive fruits every autumn.People in the town all knew that Dawson was a bad-tempered guy,so even kids knew that they could not go into his yard to pick a delicious apple,even on the ground,because old Dawson,they said,would chase you and might harm you.Everyone in the town tried not to talk with him and kept away from him except Janet who always smiled at Mr Dawson every time she walked by his house.

Janet was a 10-year-old girl. People in this town loved this lovely girl because she always wore a smile on her face and greeted everyone she met in the town. She said her grandma once told her that if she pretended everyone was smiling an invisible smile at her and smiled back at them,sooner or later they would really smile,because smiles were contagious.

One Friday, Janet invited her friend Amy to stay all night with her. They looked forward to this wonderful night. They had lots of interesting plans, including listening to their favorite music and playing games together. Both of them were excited about the night. But Amy didn't know that they had to walk by Dawson's house on the way to Janet's house until they got close to Mr Dawson's house. Seeing Dawson sitting on his front porch, Amy was frightened and suggested they should cross over to the other side of the street.Like most of the children, she was scared of the old man because of the stories she'd heard about him.But Janet said,“Don't be worried.Mr Dawson wouldn't hurt anyone.”Still,Amy was growing more nervous with each step closer to the old man's house. When they got close enough,Dawson looked up with his usual frown.

Language Study

Useful sentence patterns

1. Everyone in the town tried not to talk with him and kept away from him except Janet who always smiled at Mr Dawson every time she walked by his house.

分析：every time 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“每當(dāng)；每次”。整個(gè)句子意為“鎮(zhèn)上的每一個(gè)人都盡量不和他交流并且躲著他，除了珍妮特，她每次經(jīng)過道森先生家門口都會(huì)對(duì)他微笑”。相似用法的短語還有each time、the first time、any time、next time 等。

2.Amy was growing more nervous with each step closer to the old man's house.

分析：此句含“with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。其中，賓補(bǔ)可以是形容詞、副詞、名詞、介詞短語、V-ing、V-ed和不定式。

Reading Check

閱讀上面的文章，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。注意：

1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150 左右；

2.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好。

Paragraph 1:

But when he saw it was Janet,a broad smile changed his entire face.________________

Paragraph 2:

With the delicious apple in her hand, Amy asked Janet,“Why was he so nice to you?”

同樣的，在《鄉(xiāng)愁四韻》中，“長(zhǎng)江水”到“醉酒”、“海棠紅”到“沸血”、“雪花白”到“家信”以及“臘梅香”到“母親”的對(duì)應(yīng)也是不同于自然語言的跨越感官的錯(cuò)亂。詩人思念故土，卻一再深沉呼喚上述事物，同樣是詩人對(duì)于鄉(xiāng)愁所作出的另一種隱喻。這一修辭手法的運(yùn)用拉大了能指與所指間的距離，在意指活動(dòng)中獲得了藝術(shù)的張力。正是這樣的隱喻之張力產(chǎn)生了兩首詩中的詩意之美。

寫作導(dǎo)引

一、語篇研讀

__要素Who原文情境Janet,Amy,Mr Dawson構(gòu)思理由What Amy was afraid of walking by Dawson's house and wanted to cross over to the other side of the street. But Janet comforted Amy that Mr Dawson wouldn't hurt anyone.When Where續(xù)寫情境Janet,Amy,Mr Dawson When they walked by Dawson's house, Dawson warmly chatted with Janet and gave them delicious apples.When asked why Dawson was so nice to her, Janet said every time she met Mr Dawson, she would smile at him as if he had smiled an invisible smile at her. After some more time,Mr Dawson started smiling real smiles_______________________________________________________________________________________________at_her.One Friday On the way to Janet's house Smiles are contagious.Giving a smile takes so little effort and time, but it can bring cheer to ourselves and others.Why One Friday On the way to Janet's house Amy had heard lots of stories about Mr Dawson's bad temper.Janet was a kind and lovely girl.She was taught to be kind to everyone.

二、情節(jié)構(gòu)思

基于原文和續(xù)寫段落首句提供的信息，采用圍繞中心提問的方法，構(gòu)思要續(xù)寫的故事情節(jié)，這一過程一般分為四步。

第一步，根據(jù)已給出的文本判斷文章的立意。

文章給出的部分主要記敘的是小鎮(zhèn)上的人都不喜歡脾氣古怪的道森先生，除了珍妮特。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，珍妮特是一個(gè)可愛、善良的小姑娘。她的祖母教育她微笑是可以互相影響的，所以她一直笑對(duì)每一個(gè)人，由此可推斷出本文的立意是“微笑的力量”。

第二步，根據(jù)續(xù)寫第二段所給出的段首句倒推續(xù)寫第一段應(yīng)包括什么內(nèi)容。

分析續(xù)寫第二段的段首句可知，埃米手里拿著蘋果，問珍妮特為什么大家都害怕的道森先生對(duì)她這么和善。由此可知，續(xù)寫第一段要寫道森先生和珍妮特進(jìn)行了友好的問候與交談，并給了這兩個(gè)小女孩他自己院子里種出來的蘋果這樣的情節(jié)，這樣才能確保續(xù)寫的兩段是相銜接的。

第三步，圍繞續(xù)寫第一段所給出的段首句以及上面的分析進(jìn)行提問構(gòu)思：

（1）Seeing Janet,what did Mr Dawson say and do?

（2）What would Janet and Mr Dawson talk about?

（3）After getting the apples given by Mr Dawson,how did the two girls feel?

第四步，圍繞續(xù)寫第二段所給出的段首句進(jìn)行提問構(gòu)思：

（1）Was Mr Dawson nice to Janet from the very beginning?

（2）Since when has Mr Dawson been kind to Janet and why?