2023年高考熱門主題語境14：體育運動

蔣建平

一、素材積累

Ⅰ. 核心單詞

1. athletics n.田徑運動

2. marathon n.馬拉松賽跑

3. badminton n.羽毛球運動

4. tennis n.網(wǎng)球

5. wrestling n.摔跤

6. skiing n.滑雪

7. diving n.跳水

8. gymnastics n.體操

9. gym n.體育館

10. stadium n.體育場；運動場

11. track n.跑道；軌道

12. sportswear n.運動裝；休閑服

13. defeat v.擊??；戰(zhàn)勝

14. judge n.裁判員；法官

15. athlete n.運動員

16. audience n.觀眾；聽眾

17. league n.聯(lián)賽；聯(lián)盟

18. professional adj.職業(yè)的；專業(yè)的

19. amateur adj.業(yè)余的

20. cheer v.歡呼；喝彩

21. referee n. 裁判員

22. tournament n.錦標賽

23. compete vi. 參加比賽；競爭

competition n. 競爭；比賽

competitive adj. 競爭的；有競爭力的

competitor n. 競爭者

24. champion n.冠軍

championship n.錦標賽

25. coach n.教練

26. applause n. 掌聲；喝彩

applaud v.鼓掌；稱贊

27. final n.決賽

28. tryout n.選拔賽

Ⅱ. 高頻短語

1. sign up 報名

2. participate in 參加

3. go all out 全力以赴

4. break the record 打破紀錄

5. try out for 參加……選拔

6. compete in 參加……比賽

7. take the lead 領(lǐng)先；一馬當先

8. build up ones strength 增強某人的體質(zhì)

9. set a new world record 創(chuàng)造新的世界紀錄

10. end in a tie 不分勝負；打成平局

Ⅲ. 句式積累

1. It is a pity+that從句

It is a pity that our present PE class is quite dull and sometimes even replaced by other subjects. 遺憾的是，我們現(xiàn)在的體育課相當枯燥，有時甚至被其他科目所取代。

2. “介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句

During the period of two weeks， we held a series of activities on study and sports， a few of which were in the charge of English students. 在這兩周的時間里，我們舉辦了一系列關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)和體育的活動，其中一些活動是由英國學(xué)生負責(zé)的。

3. which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句

Recently， our school held a basketball game between teachers and students to improve the relationship between us， which turned out to be an unforgettable experience. 最近，我們學(xué)校舉辦了一場師生籃球賽，目的是增進師生關(guān)系，這是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷。

4. It be+被強調(diào)部分+that從句

Its in the Summer Olympics that players take part in running races， together with swimming， sailing and all the team sports. 在夏季奧運會上，運動員參加跑步、游泳、帆船運動和所有團隊項目。

二、續(xù)寫金句

1. That football player is really putting the team on his back this evening！ Football commentators use this phrase all the time when an entire team appears to be depending on his running back. The image of a single man running hard with a whole football team on his back is an expression of hard work and dedication. 今晚那個足球隊員真的背負著全隊的重任！當整個球隊似乎都依賴于他的跑動時，足球評論員總是說這句話。一個人背負著整個足球隊的重任奮力奔跑的畫面是努力工作和獻身精神的表現(xiàn)。

2. Mary stepped forward and got close to the rope. She appeared calm but was extremely excited. She climbed the rope very fast and reached the ceiling within what seemed a few seconds， effortlessly. As she reached the top， she glanced down at her fellow students below. Now it was Alison who appeared like a small ant. She saw Alison looking up， eyes wide with admiration. Mary clung to the top of the rope for a moment longer and then headed down to join the class. Once she got on the ground， everybody cheered. Mary knew she would be different from that day on. 瑪麗走上前去，靠近繩子。她看起來很平靜，但卻極度興奮。她很快地爬上繩子，似乎幾秒鐘內(nèi)就毫不費力地到達了天花板。當她到達屋頂時，她低頭瞥了一眼下面的同學(xué)。此刻，艾莉森看起來像一只小螞蟻。她看到艾莉森抬起頭來，眼睛睜得大大的，充滿了欽佩?，旣愒诶K子的頂端又堅持了一會兒，然后下去加入了班級。她一落地，大家都歡呼起來?，旣愔缽哪翘炱鹚龝兊貌灰粯?。

3. Sunny saw all John did， lost in thought. She could not help praising John for his courage and love for basketball. There were many ups and downs in life. No one knew what would happen. However， as long as there was love and hope in our hearts， nothing could stop us from achieving what we desired. As a matter of fact， what we should do was hold fast to the dreams and fight to the end. 桑妮看到約翰所做的一切，陷入了沉思。她忍不住稱贊約翰的勇氣和對籃球的熱愛。生活中有很多起起落落。沒有人知道會發(fā)生什么。然而，只要我們心中有愛和希望，沒有什么可以阻止我們實現(xiàn)我們想要的。事實上，我們應(yīng)該做的是緊緊抓住夢想，奮斗到底。

4. The triathlon would begin with a three?mile bike ride， followed by a one?mile run. Finally， the racers would swim around a floating dock in the lake and then head back to shore. 鐵人三項比賽將以三英里的自行車騎行開始，然后是一英里的跑步。最后，參賽者會繞著湖中的一個浮船塢游泳，然后返回岸邊。

5. Bryan had practiced the route a few times. He was a strong swimmer， but he found himself getting tired in the water， out of breath from sprinting at the end of the run. 在這條路線上，布萊恩已經(jīng)練習(xí)了幾次。他是個游泳健將，但他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在水里累了，在最后沖刺時，他上氣不接下氣。

6. The starter blew her whistle and Bryan was in a line of cyclists along the roadway， heading for the park exit. Theyd ride up Main Street to the high school， make a few circles， and then return to the park. 發(fā)令員吹響哨子，布萊恩加入沿公路排列的自行車手行列，向公園出口駛?cè)ァＫ麄儠刂鹘烛T到那個高中學(xué)校，繞幾圈，然后回到公園。

7.As soon as the ball was hit， Cook dropped his head， bent at the waist， balled his fists and screamed at the ground in frustration. 球一被擊中，庫克就垂下頭，彎著腰，攥緊拳頭，沮喪地對著地面尖叫。

8.The exciting race finally began. Upon hearing the “bang” sound， the already well?prepared athletes ran like lightning， and everyone chased each other. In order to compete for the first place， everyone put all their strength into it， wishing to run to the finish line immediately to get the first place. 激動人心的比賽終于開始了，只聽“砰”的一聲，早已做好準備的運動員們像閃電一樣飛奔，大家你追我趕。為了爭奪第一名，大家使出渾身解數(shù)，希望立刻跑到終點線以獲得第一名。

三、主題測評

Ⅰ. 完形填空

體裁：敘議文 篇幅：301詞

建議用時：7分鐘 來源：改編

新穎度：★★★★

素養(yǎng)視角：體育比賽的輸贏

We all know what it is like to want to win and most of us know what it is like to lose. More often than not，1has the victor walking on air， lost in the glory of the moment while the loser is left with a feeling of failure. Almost nobody likes to come second. Modern society2winners and successful sportsmen quickly become cele?brities， admired by all.3 ， there are ways to win and to lose. Whether you come first or last at any sporting event， you4 two opponents： your fellow competitors and yourself. At the finish， your5will walk away but you will have to live with your6 . A true sportsman will make the right decision for the right reason and not7failure. There is an old and very wise saying， “Win with modesty， lose with grace， and do both with dignity.”

In8of such acts of sportsmanship， the International Fair Play Committee decided to award the Pierre de Coubertin World Fair Play Trophy， in 1964. The first9to receive the award was an Italian bobsleigh （雪橇） competitor named Eugenio Monti. During the two?man bobsleigh final at the 1964 Winter Olympic Games， he10an excellent time for his downhill run. However， one of the British competitors， Tony Nash， had11a part of his bobsleigh and was unable to compete. Just then， Monti， without12 ， removed the same part of his own bobsleigh and13it to Nash. Nash and his partner went on to14a record time and won the gold medal. Montis remarkable， unselfish decision to help a15competitor， in the final stage of an Olympic event， is an example to us all. He did not come first but he walked away as a true hero.

1. A. fighting B. challenging

C. training D. winning

2. A. interests B. creates

C. honors D. tests

3. A. Therefore B. Otherwise

C. Moreover D. However

4. A. control B. face

C. protect D. remind

5. A. admirers B. celebrities

C. competitors D. colleagues

6. A. goal B. secret

C. opportunity D. decision

7. A. learn from B. go after

C. worry about D. refer to

8. A. search B. praise

C. case D. place

9. A. audience B. coach

C. athlete D. reporter

10. A. discovered B. produced

C. chose D. expected

11. A. borrowed B. bought

C. repaired D. broken

12. A. hesitation B. permission

C. choice D. comparison

13. A. sold B. returned

C. lent D. rented

14. A. spend B. consider

C. count D. achieve

15. A. lucky B. fellow

C. confident D. familiar

Ⅱ. 語法填空

體裁：說明文 篇幅：235詞

建議用時：7分鐘 來源：改編

新穎度：★★★★

素養(yǎng)視角：古代的冰嬉運動

Winter sports were already popular in China a thousand years ago in the form of bingxi （冰嬉）， or playing on ice. Bingxi， 1. ___________form of performance for the court， began in the Song Dynasty and reached its peak during the Qing Dynasty. A bingxi painting in the collection of the Palace Museum describes the 2.___________ （scene） of bingxi during the Qing Dynasty. A much 3. ___________ （close） look at the painting will show that there are many similarities between how ancient Chinese people enjoyed games on ice and modern 4.___________（compete） events at the Winter Olympic Games.

In the painting， the emperor， 5.___________（seat） inside his ice bed， is watching the skaters compete 6.___________ （fierce）. Three types of ice skating are performed， the first one of which is speed race， similar to modern speed skating. Participants race to the emperors ice bed from 2 to 3 kilometers away. 7. ___________reach the emperor first win first prize. The second is figure skating. Jumps， spins and pair work moves common in modern figure skating can all be found in the painting. The third is soccer on ice. Participants in two teams skate， kick and try 8.___________（score） goals. If the “tool” for scoring goals 9. ___________ （change） from legs to sticks， it is highly comparable to hockey.

Today， the interest in winter sports among Chinese people has never decreased. Each winter， in Beihai and Shichahai of Beijing， people are still enjoying 10. ___________ （they） forms of bingxi.

Ⅲ. 書面表達

體裁：應(yīng)用文

命題形式：電子郵件

建議用時：16分鐘

來源：改編

新穎度：★★★★

素養(yǎng)視角：電子郵件寫作與半開放性作文

假定你是李華，你校組建了游泳俱樂部。請你給在你校留學(xué)的朋友Peter寫一封郵件，邀請他加入。內(nèi)容包括：

1. 組建俱樂部的目的；

2. 俱樂部的主要活動；

3. 報名的時間和地點。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，但不計入總詞數(shù)。

Dear Peter，

With swimming sweeping nationwide， a swimming club has been formed recently in our school. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua