What are the mostpopular college majors in the worldandwhy? The answers may surprise you!

李冰潔

你知道世界各國(guó)最受歡迎的大學(xué)專業(yè)都是什么嗎？《青春時(shí)光》雜志（Youth Time magazine）開展的一項(xiàng)全球調(diào)查得出的結(jié)果可能會(huì)讓你大吃一驚。

調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，中國(guó)人最愛理工科，印度人則偏愛藝術(shù)和法律，美國(guó)人和德國(guó)人對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)和工程學(xué)情有獨(dú)鐘，澳大利亞是唯一一個(gè)不待見IT專業(yè)的國(guó)家。除了俄羅斯外，商務(wù)管理專業(yè)在世界各國(guó)都很吃香。

一起來看看這些專業(yè)選擇潮流的背后原因。

China：7 out of the Top 10 are STEM majors

中國(guó)：最受歡迎的10個(gè)專業(yè)中有7個(gè)是理工科專業(yè)

According to China University Alumni Association， among those who score well enough in China’s highly competitive exam system to get into university， 19.39% choose to study Economics and 19.06% select Business Management， which means business & management related majors account for almost half of the popular majors.

根據(jù)中華校友會(huì)的信息，通過中國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的考試體系被大學(xué)錄取的學(xué)生當(dāng)中，19.39%的人選擇經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)專業(yè)，19.06%的人選擇商務(wù)管理專業(yè)，這意味著經(jīng)管類專業(yè)幾乎占據(jù)了熱門專業(yè)的半壁江山。

The third most popular major in China is Informatics Engineering （6.87%） followed tightly by Law （6.53%）. From No. 5 to No. 10， the most popular majors are almost all STEM （Science， Technology， Engineering and Mathematics） majors such as Biological Sciences （5.93%）， IT and Computer Sciences （5.72%）， Architecture （3.84%）， Physics （3.37%） and Automation Engineering （3.23%）.

在中國(guó)熱度排行第三的專業(yè)是信息工程學(xué)專業(yè)（6.87%），緊隨其后的是法學(xué)專業(yè)（6.53%）。排名第五到第十的熱門專業(yè)幾乎都是理工科（STEM代表科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)），包括生物科學(xué)（5.93%）、信息技術(shù)和計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)（5.72%）、建筑學(xué)（3.84%）、物理學(xué)（3.37%）和自動(dòng)化工程學(xué)（3.23%）。

It’s not until No. 11 that some social science majors such as Chinese language and literature， foreign language studies and journalism appear.

直到第11名才開始出現(xiàn)一些社會(huì)科學(xué)類專業(yè)，比如漢語言文學(xué)、外國(guó)語和新聞學(xué)專業(yè)。

Chinese higher education emphasizes STEM education due to historical reasons.

中國(guó)高等教育重視理工科是有其歷史原因的。

When the Chinese started their reform and opening-up policy in the 1980s， the country urgently needed scientific professionals for industrial development， and the Chinese preference for STEM is rooted in that period.

上世紀(jì)80年代中國(guó)開始實(shí)施改革開放政策時(shí)，國(guó)家急需科技人才來發(fā)展工業(yè)，中國(guó)人對(duì)于理工科的偏好就是從那時(shí)候開始的。

"Master mathematics， physics and chemistry， you can find a position all over the country” was one of the most famous national slogans.

當(dāng)時(shí)全國(guó)有一句非常有名的口號(hào)叫：“學(xué)好數(shù)理化，走遍天下都不怕?！?/p>

US： Health， Psychology， Biology， American students like to explore human beings

美國(guó)：健康、心理學(xué)和生物學(xué)這些探索人體奧秘的專業(yè)很受歡迎

Business and Management are the most popular subjects in the US （289，384 degrees）.

商務(wù)管理是美國(guó)最熱門的專業(yè)（28萬9384個(gè)學(xué)位）。

Health-related programs such as Nursing are next in line （141，632 degrees）. Psychology and Biological and Biomedical Sciences run almost neck and neck （127，066 degrees and 120，375 degrees， respectively）.

其次是護(hù)理等健康相關(guān)專業(yè)（14萬1632個(gè)學(xué)位）。心理學(xué)和生物及生物醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)難分伯仲（分別是12萬7066個(gè)學(xué)位和12萬375個(gè)學(xué)位）。

The 5th place belongs to Engineering， with 117，553 degrees awarded.

排行第五的熱門專業(yè)是工程學(xué)，每年授出11萬7553個(gè)學(xué)位。

Social science majors such as Education （102，219） follow up， and the difference between Communications （98，949） and Finance and Accounting （98，663） is rather small.

接下來是教育學(xué)（10萬2219個(gè)學(xué)位）等社會(huì)科學(xué)專業(yè)，傳播學(xué)專業(yè)（9萬8949個(gè)學(xué)位）和財(cái)會(huì)專業(yè)（9萬8663個(gè)學(xué)位）二者的熱度沒什么差別。

A little bit surprisingly， Anthropology and Sociology （57，630） beat Computer Science （55，843） and have moved into the top 10.

有點(diǎn)意外的是，人類學(xué)與社會(huì)學(xué)（5萬7630個(gè)學(xué)位）打敗了計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)（5萬5843個(gè)學(xué)位），躋身前十。

The trends in prevailing college majors in the US connect directly to the average starting salary.

美國(guó)熱門專業(yè)的潮流和平均起薪直接相關(guān)。

Graduates with a degree in Business Administration receive $41，245 as a starting salary with an average mid-career salary of $70，694.00， higher than the average level of compensation of graduates in any other major， which is the biggest motivation that drives not only American students but most youngsters around the world.

擁有商務(wù)管理學(xué)位的畢業(yè)生平均起薪為4萬1245美元（約合人民幣26萬元），職業(yè)生涯中期的平均年薪為7萬694美元，高于其他任何專業(yè)畢業(yè)生的平均薪酬水平。這是激勵(lì)美國(guó)學(xué)生和全球多數(shù)學(xué)生攻讀商務(wù)管理專業(yè)的最大動(dòng)力。

The traditional high demand for medical services has helped to spur the popularity of medical and health-related programs.

對(duì)于醫(yī)療服務(wù)的傳統(tǒng)高需求提升了醫(yī)學(xué)和健康相關(guān)專業(yè)的熱度。

According to market research， doctors and nurses almost never face the unemployment issue： even when economic crises take place， medical workers usually are able to keep their jobs.

市場(chǎng)調(diào)查顯示，醫(yī)生和護(hù)士幾乎不用擔(dān)心失業(yè)問題：即使發(fā)生經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，醫(yī)療工作者通常也能保住自己的工作。

Notably， in the US， a general psychology degree will open doors for students to find jobs in social work， marketing and human resources， similar to Education and Communications.

值得注意的是，在美國(guó)，一個(gè)普通心理學(xué)學(xué)位和教育學(xué)、傳播學(xué)學(xué)位一樣，能讓學(xué)生找到社會(huì)工作、市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷和人力資源方面的工作。

The UK： Social science receives a relatively warm response

英國(guó)：社會(huì)科學(xué)類專業(yè)比較吃香

Respecting the UK， data from the British Higher Education Statistics Agency illustrate that Business & Administrative studies are the most popular subjects （342，970）.

英國(guó)高等教育統(tǒng)計(jì)局的數(shù)據(jù)表明，商務(wù)和行政管理是英國(guó)最熱門的專業(yè)（34萬2970個(gè)學(xué)位）。

Subjects allied to Medicine and Biological Sciences are the second and third （288，065 and 233，970 respectively）.

醫(yī)藥和生物科學(xué)類專業(yè)的熱度排行第二和第三，分別授出28萬8065個(gè)學(xué)位和23萬3970個(gè)學(xué)位。

Social Studies receive a warm welcome among young people as well （229，360）. The 5th， 6th and 7th are respectively Creative Arts & Design （178，415）， Engineering & Technology （164，975） and Education （145，445）， and the differences among them are similar.

社會(huì)學(xué)專業(yè)也受到了年輕人的青睞（22萬9360個(gè)學(xué)位）。第五、第六和第七名分別是創(chuàng)意藝術(shù)與設(shè)計(jì)（17萬8415個(gè)學(xué)位）、工程與技術(shù)（16萬4975個(gè)學(xué)位）和教育學(xué)（14萬5445個(gè)學(xué)位），這三者的熱度差別不大。

The other two subjects that have over 100，000 students are Computer Science （107，250） and Languages （103，545）. Physical Science （95，720） is also close to this number.

攻讀學(xué)生數(shù)量破10萬的另外兩個(gè)專業(yè)是計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)（10萬7250個(gè)學(xué)位）和語言類（10萬3545個(gè)學(xué)位）。物理學(xué)專業(yè)（9萬5720個(gè)學(xué)位）的學(xué)生數(shù)量也接近10萬。

Social Studies are more popular in the UK than in America.

社會(huì)科學(xué)在英國(guó)比在美國(guó)更受歡迎。

For example， UK universities are among the oldest universities that offer law courses.

舉例來說，英國(guó)的大學(xué)是最早提供法學(xué)課程的大學(xué)。

Therefore， reflecting this long and rich tradition， UK law degrees have become very popular （and indeed highly competitive） for its students.

因此，考慮到如此悠久而豐富的傳統(tǒng)，英國(guó)法學(xué)學(xué)位非常受學(xué)生歡迎，確實(shí)也很有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。

Another large absolute increase can be found in Creative Arts & Design degrees.

另一個(gè)人氣大漲的專業(yè)是創(chuàng)意藝術(shù)與設(shè)計(jì)。

The Higher Education Statistics Agency attributes this popularity to the increase in part-time students， among which there was a 19% increase in students studying Creative Arts & Design between 2015/16 and 2016/17.

英國(guó)高等教育統(tǒng)計(jì)局將其歸功于非全日制學(xué)生數(shù)量的增多，2015-2016學(xué)年和2016-2017學(xué)年攻讀創(chuàng)意藝術(shù)與設(shè)計(jì)專業(yè)的學(xué)生增加了19%。

Germany： Guys like Engineering while ladies prefer German Studies， but they both love Business

德國(guó)：男士愛學(xué)工程學(xué)專業(yè)，女士愛學(xué)德語研究專業(yè)，但男女都愛學(xué)商學(xué)專業(yè)

The independent survey from StudyCheck shows differences in the most popular courses for men and women. Business Administration has for years held the top spot in the ranking of the most popular programs， both for men and women.

StudyCheck的獨(dú)立調(diào)查顯示，最受德國(guó)男性和女性歡迎的專業(yè)是不同的。但是，工商管理專業(yè)多年來一直是德國(guó)男女都愛選擇的專業(yè)。

When it comes to the 2nd place， German Studies is favored by women， and 75% of German Studies students are female.

最受女性喜愛的熱門專業(yè)第二名是德語研究專業(yè)，75%的德語研究系學(xué)生都是女性。

Meanwhile， German men choose Mechanical Engineering as their second favorite， and this is just the beginning of their interest in engineering.

與此同時(shí)，最受德國(guó)男性歡迎的熱門專業(yè)第二名是機(jī)械工程學(xué)，而男性對(duì)工程學(xué)的興趣不止于此。

Medicine is one of the most popular subjects in Germany and the 3rd most popular among German ladies， while Computer Science is still listed by men as their 3rd choice. 4th and 5th placed popular majors among German guys are both in the engineering area （Industrial Engineering and Electrical Engineering）， while German ladies turn to Law and Pedagogy.

醫(yī)藥專業(yè)是德國(guó)最受歡迎的專業(yè)之一，也是最受德國(guó)女性歡迎的熱門專業(yè)第三名，而最受德國(guó)男性歡迎的熱門專業(yè)第三名是計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)。德國(guó)男性最喜愛的熱門專業(yè)第四名和第五名都是工程學(xué)類專業(yè)（工業(yè)工程學(xué)和電氣工程學(xué)），而德國(guó)女性最喜愛的熱門專業(yè)第四名和第五名分別是法學(xué)和教育學(xué)。

Graduates who earn engineering degrees have excellent job prospects. New engineering graduates will earn relatively high salaries of 2，800 to 3，800 a month in Germany. Besides， they have a wide range of activities open to them， from plant engineering and mechanical engineering to aerospace engineering and vehicle construction.

獲得工程學(xué)學(xué)位的畢業(yè)生擁有良好的就業(yè)前景。新近的工程學(xué)畢業(yè)生在德國(guó)每月收入相對(duì)較高，可達(dá)2800歐元到3800歐元（約合人民幣2.2萬到3萬）。而且，他們的就業(yè)范圍也很廣，涵蓋設(shè)備安裝使用工程、機(jī)械工程、航空航天工程和車輛工程。

According to the HIS study， every second German Studies student aspires to become a teacher.

根據(jù)調(diào)研機(jī)構(gòu)HIS的調(diào)查，德語研究專業(yè)的學(xué)生每?jī)蓚€(gè)就有一個(gè)想當(dāng)老師。

Teacher training usually promises a quick career start and good salary prospects.

接受教師培訓(xùn)通常可以快速開啟職業(yè)生涯，而且薪資前景也不錯(cuò)。

Russia： The popularity of pedagogical degrees may surprise you

俄羅斯：教育學(xué)專業(yè)的熱度可能會(huì)讓你感到吃驚

Pedagogical faculties， IT specialties， and Medicine are the most popular majors for Russian university entrants in 2019， reports Russian Ministry of Education and Science.

俄羅斯教育與科學(xué)部報(bào)告稱，教育學(xué)、信息技術(shù)和醫(yī)藥學(xué)是2019年最受俄羅斯大學(xué)新生歡迎的專業(yè)。

It may surprise many readers that pedagogical degrees generate so much enthusiasm.

教育學(xué)學(xué)位居然這么吃香，這可能會(huì)讓許多讀者感到吃驚。

One possible reason is that in the past few years the career of teacher has became more prestigious in Russia.

一個(gè)可能的原因是過去幾年來教師職業(yè)在俄羅斯更受尊敬了。

Reforms in education have brought higher salaries for teachers and have helped to attract young， highly qualified professionals.

教育改革提高了教師收入，也有助于吸引年輕的高素質(zhì)專業(yè)人才加入。

Australia： An aging population has boosted health-related enrollment， and Australia is the only country where IT has dropped

澳大利亞：人口老齡化催熱了健康相關(guān)專業(yè)，信息技術(shù)專業(yè)熱度降低

Good Education Group’s statistics show that majors in Society and Culture boast the highest enrollments in Australia （66，884）.

好教育集團(tuán)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，科學(xué)和文化類專業(yè)在澳大利亞的招生人數(shù)最多（6萬6884名）。

Care for the Aged and Children’s Services are two of the fastest growing sub-categories in Australia for the years from 2011 to 2016， which helps the Society and Culture sector to arrive at an over-all peak.

老人護(hù)理和兒童服務(wù)是2011年至2016年間澳大利亞增長(zhǎng)最快的就業(yè)領(lǐng)域，這促使社會(huì)和文化類專業(yè)的熱度達(dá)到了頂峰。

The popularity of Health majors has increased by 159%， with 52，134 choosing to study in this area， making it more than twice as popular as 16 years ago and holding second place nationally.

全國(guó)排行第二的健康類專業(yè)的熱度上升了159%，選擇攻讀這類專業(yè)的學(xué)生有5萬2134人，是16年前的兩倍多。

The third to tenth most popular majors are Management and Commerce， Natural and Physical Sciences， Education， Creative Arts， Engineering， IT， Architecture and Building and Agriculture， Environmental and Related studies.

熱門專業(yè)第三名到第十名分別是管理與商業(yè)、自然和物理學(xué)、教育學(xué)、創(chuàng)意藝術(shù)、工程學(xué)、信息技術(shù)、建筑學(xué)和農(nóng)學(xué)以及環(huán)境和相關(guān)研究。

Australia is the only country in the survey where the Information Technology field of study has dropped in recent years. You might learn IT skills in Society and Culture or in Health or in Engineering， whereas previously they were specific （to IT courses）”.

澳大利亞是本次調(diào)查中唯一一個(gè)信息技術(shù)專業(yè)在近年熱度下降的國(guó)家。你可以在社會(huì)和文化類專業(yè)或者健康類、工程類專業(yè)學(xué)到信息技術(shù)，它不再是信息技術(shù)專業(yè)所獨(dú)有的。

India： Design and Arts rank quite high

印度：設(shè)計(jì)和藝術(shù)專業(yè)很吃香

Without any surprises， Management， Engineering and Computer Application are the Top 3 in India.

毫不意外，管理學(xué)、工程學(xué)和計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用是印度最熱門的三個(gè)專業(yè)。

However， things get interesting when it comes to the fourth place： Design-related majors including fashion design， interior design and Web/graphic design are quite popular.

然而，熱門專業(yè)第四名卻有點(diǎn)意思：包括時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)、室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)和網(wǎng)頁/平面設(shè)計(jì)在內(nèi)的設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)專業(yè)相當(dāng)受歡迎。

Mass Communication and Hospitality-related majors are also emerging because the entertainment industry in India is developing rapidly， while there is a huge chance of getting jobs after hospitality courses with large hotel chains to take advantage of the growing tourism business in India.

大眾傳媒和酒店服務(wù)相關(guān)專業(yè)也在崛起，因?yàn)橛《鹊膴蕵樊a(chǎn)業(yè)正在飛速發(fā)展，而印度不斷壯大的旅游業(yè)為酒店服務(wù)專業(yè)的學(xué)生提供了許多在大型連鎖酒店就業(yè)的機(jī)會(huì)。

Apart from that， the Indian educational sector is seeing a rise in the popularity of vocational courses among students who are seeking skill-training and job-oriented courses.

除此之外，提供技能和就業(yè)培訓(xùn)的職業(yè)課程在印度教育界越來越受歡迎。

Design， Marketing and Advertising， and Hospitality are among the most selected vocational courses. Through these courses， students get the chance to explore new opportunities and master the skills required for specific jobs.

最吃香的職業(yè)課程是設(shè)計(jì)、營(yíng)銷、廣告和酒店服務(wù)。通過學(xué)習(xí)這些課程，學(xué)生可以開拓新機(jī)會(huì)，掌握特定工作所需的技能。