VI. 翻譯
英譯漢時(shí)會(huì)遇到各種各樣的困難,首先我們要了解英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言國(guó)家的文化、風(fēng)俗、習(xí)慣等,其次我們要有非常扎實(shí)的中文功底,這樣才能在翻譯過(guò)程中用恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)言表述英文的內(nèi)容。
漢譯英時(shí)我們要注意不能簡(jiǎn)單機(jī)械地逐字照譯,硬湊成英文,必須認(rèn)真分析上下文,掌握詞的確切含義。翻譯時(shí)可以根據(jù)需要適當(dāng)?shù)卦黾釉~或減少詞,目的就是為了更確切、踏實(shí)地表達(dá)原文的含義。
【試題重現(xiàn)】
(A) Please translate the underlined sentences in the following passage into Chinese. 請(qǐng)將下面篇章中的劃線句子譯成漢語(yǔ)。
The Beginning of Summer means the coming of summer. Here are three things about how Chinese spend the Beginning of Summer.
Checking ones weight
The custom of weighing people at the Beginning of Summer started from the Three Kingdoms Period. 96. It will bring health and good luck to the people weighed.
Eating eggs
97. In ancient China, people believed that eating eggs on the day of the Beginning of Summer was a good wish for health.
Taking care of your health
When it gets hot, heat can affect (影響) human health. So people prefer food such as fruit and vegetables.
【答案及解析】
96. 它會(huì)給稱體重的人們帶來(lái)健康和好運(yùn)。此句的翻譯重點(diǎn)是the people weighed,此處為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)修飾前面的名詞people。
97. 在中國(guó)古代,人們相信在立夏當(dāng)天吃雞蛋是對(duì)健康的美好期望。此句是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,從句中eating eggs on the day of the Beginning of Summer為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。
【試題重現(xiàn)】 (節(jié)選,保留原題號(hào))
請(qǐng)將下列句子譯成英語(yǔ)。
99. 非常感謝你邀請(qǐng)我到你家來(lái)。
【答案及解析】
99. Thanks a lot / Thank you very much for inviting me to your house. “因……感謝某人”要用介詞for,注意for為介詞,其后接動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)要用V-ing形式。
VII. 智力測(cè)試
智力測(cè)試是測(cè)評(píng)試題中的一大亮點(diǎn),新穎、有趣,但是也會(huì)難倒許多考生,盡管這樣,這個(gè)題型的好評(píng)度卻是非常高的。智力測(cè)試共5小題,主要命題范圍為:語(yǔ)言類、謎語(yǔ)類、數(shù)字類、推理類和圖形類。同學(xué)們要仔細(xì)審題,千萬(wàn)不要忽略了智力測(cè)試的答題說(shuō)明,不要只看到圖片直接就做題,一定要帶著問(wèn)題去尋找答案。
【試題重現(xiàn)】 (節(jié)選,保留原題號(hào))
Please answer the following questions. 請(qǐng)回答下列問(wèn)題。
102. Where was John when the lights went out?
104. What number can replace the question mark?
105. Which is the odd (與眾不同的) one out?
【答案及解析】
102. 答案為:In the dark. 此題是一個(gè)腦筋急轉(zhuǎn)彎題:當(dāng)燈熄滅的時(shí)候,約翰在哪里?顯然應(yīng)該是“在黑暗中”。
104. 答案為:1000。觀察左側(cè)圈中數(shù)字,五個(gè)數(shù)字分別是6,7,8,9,10的平方,右側(cè)圈中數(shù)字是6,7,8,9的立方,那么問(wèn)號(hào)代表的應(yīng)該是10的立方,即1000。
105. 答案為:E。觀察圖片可以看出A和F經(jīng)旋轉(zhuǎn)之后是相同的;B和G經(jīng)旋轉(zhuǎn)之后是相同的;C和D是完全相同的。只有E無(wú)論怎樣旋轉(zhuǎn)都和其它的不同。
VIII. 寫(xiě)作
寫(xiě)作的命題范圍十分廣,但通常不會(huì)超出學(xué)生日常熟知的話題,A篇寫(xiě)作是提示性作文,即給出部分提示信息,考生在所給信息的基礎(chǔ)上加工完成一篇文章,所以同學(xué)們一定要仔細(xì)觀察題中所給信息,文字信息和圖片信息都要考慮在內(nèi),這樣才能最大程度保證作文的完整性;B篇寫(xiě)作是命題作文,即給出作文具體題目或話題,考生需要自擬提綱,完成寫(xiě)作。同學(xué)們?cè)跀⑹龅耐瑫r(shí),最好能在文章結(jié)尾處適當(dāng)發(fā)表一下自己對(duì)此話題或者現(xiàn)象的觀點(diǎn),這樣會(huì)為作文加分增彩的哦!
【試題重現(xiàn)】 (節(jié)選,保留原題號(hào))
(B) “我們都在努力奔跑,我們都是追夢(mèng)人。”習(xí)近平主席的這句話激勵(lì)著無(wú)數(shù)人砥礪前行,讓無(wú)數(shù)青少年倍感振奮。你的夢(mèng)想是什么?你將為實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想付出哪些努力?請(qǐng)你以“Live with a dream”為題寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文,闡述一下自己的觀點(diǎn)。
要求:
1. 條理清晰,意思連貫,語(yǔ)句通順,標(biāo)點(diǎn)正確,書(shū)寫(xiě)清晰、規(guī)范;
2. 文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱;
3. 80詞左右。
【答案及解析】
(B) One possible version:
Live with a dream
Everyone has dreams. Without dreams, life is a broken-winged bird. But ones dreams are always changing as he grows older. When I was in primary school, I wanted to make more friends. I hadnt had another dream until I came to middle school. At the time I hoped to become a good child who was praised by my parents and teachers, and popular among my classmates. Now I dream of becoming an excellent teacher, because I think its great to be with kids. To make my dream come true, I will work hard and never give up no matter how difficult it is. Let our dream not just be a dream. If we put our hearts into it, Im sure we will achieve it.
(124 words)
(全國(guó)中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)能力測(cè)評(píng)組委會(huì)辦公室 提供)
考試與評(píng)價(jià)·八年級(jí)版2021年4期