Role of astrocyte purinergic signaling in epilepsy

Ljiljana Nikolic,Paola Nobili,Weida Shen,Etienne Audinat

1.Institute for Biological Research Sini?a Stankovi?,University of Belgrade,Serbia.

2.Neuroscience Institute CNR,Milan,Italy.

3.Zhejiang University City College,Zhejiang,Hangzhou,China.

4.Institute for Functional Genomics(IGF),University of Montpellier,CNRS,INSERM,Montpellier,France.

摘自Glia.2020,68(9):1677-1691.doi:10.1002/glia.23747.Epub 2019 Nov 9.

AbstractEpilepsy is characterized by unpredictable recurrent seizures resulting from hypersynchronous discharges from neuron assemblies.Increasing evidence indicates that aberrant astrocyte signaling to neurons plays an important role in driving the network hyperexcitability.Purinergic signaling is central in neuron-glia and glia-glia interactions and dysfunctions in communication pathways involving purinergic receptors have been reported in various CNS pathologies,such as Alzheimer disease,stroke,major depression,schizophrenia,and epilepsy.In the present review we will first discuss the mechanisms by which astrocytes influence neuronal activity.We will then review in more details recent evidence indicating that dysregulation of astrocyte purinergic signaling actively contributes to the appearance of abnormal neuronal activity in epilepsy.

Key wordscalcium signaling;cytokine;gliotransmission;inflammation;microglia

星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞嘌呤能信號在癲癇中的作用

摘要癲癇是由神經(jīng)元的超同步放電引起的不可預(yù)知的反復(fù)發(fā)作。越來越多的研究表明，星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞向神經(jīng)元傳遞信號的異常在神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的過度興奮中起著重要作用。對多種中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾?。ㄈ绨柎暮Ｄ　⒆渲?、重度抑郁、精神分裂癥和癲癇）的病理學(xué)研究結(jié)果顯示，嘌呤信號傳導(dǎo)在神經(jīng)元-膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞和膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞-膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞相互作用中有重要的作用，嘌呤受體障礙可影響細(xì)胞間的信號傳導(dǎo)。本綜述將首先對星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞影響神經(jīng)元活動的機(jī)制進(jìn)行分析總結(jié)。近期研究顯示，星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞嘌呤信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)的異常促進(jìn)了癲癇中神經(jīng)元異常活動的出現(xiàn)，本綜述也將對相關(guān)研究報道進(jìn)行描述和總結(jié)。

關(guān)鍵詞鈣信號；細(xì)胞因子；膠質(zhì)傳輸；炎癥；小膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞

中圖分類號R741；R741.02文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼ADOI10.16780/j.cnki.sjssgncj.2020.08.023