參考答案

●悅讀齋

公司——幫助內(nèi)向者，成人達己

Step 2 理解·文本解讀

Ⅰ. 1. Exposition. 2. B

Ⅱ. 1. Problem 2. Reasons 3. Solutions

4. conclusion

Ⅲ. 1. Most companies are unaware of the fact that they treat introverts unfairly.

2. For one thing, the companies mistake openplan offices and so-called “group work” for the ways to encourage creativity. For another, many companies equate leadership with extroversion when it comes to promotion.

3. They will build open-plan offices by knocking down office walls and hold endless meetings. However, in the author's eyes, it is not a good way to encourage creativity. Firstly, physical barriers between people do not necessarily mean knocking down the intellectual barriers. Second of all, the noise and interruptions in such kind of offices make it harder for employees to concentrate,let alone generate creativity. Last but not least, introverts and extroverts have different ways to recharge themselves, with the former preferring time on their own.

4. According to Jim Collins, a management scientist, the chief executives who stay longest at the top of their industries tend to be quiet and humble. In other words, it is wrong for us to underestimate the introverts' leadership skills.

5. The author puts forward the solutions from two perspectives. As for companies, they should firstly provide private office space and quiet areas for introverts to recharge. Moreover, they should recognize the value of introverts by paying more attention to what introverts say at the meeting and look at organizations from the introverts' angle. Besides, they should take the types of personality into account when designing teams with different purposes. As for introverts themselves, they should adapt themselves to social life in the company by finding suitable ways to communicate or behaving like extroverts for some of the time.

6. The author uses several techniques of explanation including comparison, quotation, exemplification, statistics, etc.

comparison—... whereas extroverts gain energy from other people, introverts need time on their own to recharge. ( Para. 2)

quotation—Yet in his book Good to Great,Jim Collins, a management guru, suggests that...(Para. 3)

One study that looked at operations lower down an organisation shows that... ( Para. 6)

exemplification—Amazon has radically overhauled its meetings to... Google has underestimated the importance of... (Para. 5)

Claude Mongeau, the former CEO of Canadian National Railway, for example, set himself the goal of acting like an extrovert five times a day.(Para. 7)

statistics—Karl Moore of McGill University in Montreal, who has asked over 200 CEOs about introversion... ( Para. 7)

By employing comparison, the author shows us a clear difference between introverts and extroverts in their ways of recharging themselves and leading teams. By making use of specific examples, findings of the study and the quotation, the author makes his article more vivid and convincing. Specifically speaking, the author makes the solution to the problem easy to put into practice by using these techniques. For example, these companies like Amazon and Google pay more attention to the contents of what people say and people's abilities instead of whether they appear to be extroverted.

7. The change of the management is to create a new kind of firm, where introverts, extroverts and all the in-betweeners are equally likely to flourish.Ⅳ. 1. The author writes this article to remove some misunderstanding about introverts in the company and call on the employers to show more appreciation of the introverts and create more favourable working conditions for introverts to succeed in the company.

2. The author writes this article in a logic and coherent way, who uses many ways of explanation including comparison, quotation, exemplification,statistics, etc. Besides, the author writes this article from a unique perspective, adding a new dimension to our understanding about introverts. However, the passage would be more comprehensive if the author put forward the solutions from more perspectives,say, from the extrovert's perspective. What's more,the title of the passage cannot fully represent the contents of the passage. As the title goes, helping introverts benefits companies in turn, the passage doesn't mention how the companies would benefit.Therefore, I would add a paragraph indicating the companies' potential benefits from doing so.

Step 3 運用·讀寫整合

Ⅰ. If I were the boss of a company, I would make the following changes after reading the passage.First of all, I would divide the office section into several parts, including open-plan offices and private space. Second of all, I would modify the forms of the meetings. Besides, I would take into account practical working skills instead of merely focusing on oral performance when recruiting new employees. Also, I would give equal importance to both introverts' and extroverts' leadership abilities when designing teams. Last but not least, I would appeal to more people to recognize the introverts'unique abilities and give full play to their personality.

I think, my company can reap tremendous benefits from doing so.For one thing,the employees,in particular the introverts can develop a sense of belonging and self-identity in the diverse and flexible working environment. In this way, the company can keep its talented employees by reducing the turnover rate. For another, the company's performance can be enhanced by the employees' (especially introverts') maximum of motivation, which, in turn,will boost the company's revenue.

Ⅱ. Students with different personalities may have misunderstanding due to different ways to recharge themselves. For example, extroverted students may talk a lot with each other in the dormitory while introverted students may need some peace of mind,thinking on their own. As a consequence, the extroverted students may be regarded as being too noisy while the introverted students may be regarded as being too shy. Over time, they may find it a challenge to communicate with each other. In the class setting, extroverts are eager to answer the questions while others are still thinking about the question. The teachers may think that all the students understand the problem according to the performance of the extroverted students. As a consequence, the learning process of the students might be affected.

In order to solve the problem, communication should be given top priority. Only when students realize their differences through communication can they put themselves in others' shoes.The extroverted students can show more respect for introverted students' quietness by talking outside of the dormitory or thinking twice before talking inside the class. The introverted students, on the other hand, should share more things about themselves so that other students in the classroom can know them better and give them timely help.As for teachers, they should also recognize the differences between students with different personalities and assign them tasks according to their personalities. In doing so, all students' potential can be realized.

因生病而孤獨的孩子的福音

Reading Check

1～4 BCAA

Language Study

他們還可以在任何康復的地方參加課堂活動。

看護機器人的前景和目前的挑戰(zhàn)

Reading Check

1～4 BCBD

Language Study

With the exams approaching, reviewing your class notes is a good idea.

摩天大樓的智能擦窗工

Reading Check

1～4 DAAC

Language Study

它被設(shè)計成用繩索或電纜懸掛在建筑物的一側(cè)，就像現(xiàn)在的窗戶清洗平臺那樣。

提高注意力的機器人

Reading Check

1～4 DAAB

Language Study

The younger you are, the easier it is to learn.

向意念控制機器人邁進的一步

Reading Check

1～5 BCDAD

Language Study

在這項研究中，麻省理工學院的研究人員使用了一個名叫巴克斯特的機器人，他是一名志愿者，頭上戴著腦電圖帽,可以讀取大腦中的電活動。

世界上最具創(chuàng)意的機器人問世了

Reading Check

1～4 ADA

Language Study

世界各地的許多公司都投資使用UR機器人來節(jié)省人力，而其他公司則使用它們來提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量或生產(chǎn)率。

主題應(yīng)用·語庫構(gòu)建

Dear Sir or Madam,

Having learned from the poster that an exhibition of intelligent robots will be held in your museum, I'm writing to ask for more information about it.

Firstly, could you please tell me how many robots will be on show and what the robots are mainly used for? Secondly, I'm quite interested to know if there will be any performances given by the robots or any games in which we can play against the robots. In addition, I wonder whether I should reserve tickets for the exhibition in advance.

I would be grateful to receive a reply at your earliest convenience.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

第六章 走廊內(nèi)的哭泣

Activity A

Ⅰ. Chapter Six mainly deals with Mary's discovery of her cousin Colin quite by accident. To Mary Colin confided his unhappiness and fragility.In return, Mary told him about India. Mary impressed Colin in a remarkable way and was told to come to see him again.

Ⅱ. (1)ten (2)mother (3)pale and sick-looking (4)sick and fragile

(5)pessimistic (6)hunchback and poor health

(7)sympathetic to (8)obedient

(9)dislikes and neglects

Ⅲ. 1.First of all,Colin is much like Mary herself: Colin lost his mother when he was brought into the world, and Mary became an orphan when a cholera struck and took her parents away. Colin has grown up knowing his father doesn't care much for him, and Mary was neglected by her parents. What's more,Colin spent the early ten years in the sick bed as a hidden-away secret of the queer house, totally convinced that his future is doomed because of his hunchback and fragile health. Apart from this, Colin also carried lots of emotional baggage—his mother died when giving birth while he survived. This led to his survivor guilt from that disaster.

2. First of all, Uncle Craven loved his wife deeply but unfortunately Colin's mother died when he was born, which made it hard for Uncle Craven even to look at Colin, because every time he sets his eyes on Colin, he becomes almost inevitably a living reminder of his wife's untimely and regrettable death. Besides this, he was afraid that Colin would become deformed—hunchbacked and crippled—and even worse than this, he would inherit his depression and inability to cope with life's blows. So he avoided his own son solidly.

Activity B

Daily talk

Dear audience members,

I feel very privileged to be part of this talk,sharing with you my opinions about family education. First, I don't agree with Mr Craven about the way he treats Colin. Though he passionately loved his wife and couldn't bear the tragedy of losing her in birth-giving, his deep neglect of Colin is not exactly what we like to hear as a father's response to his child. It's a vicious cycle: by staying away,Archibald makes Colin more and more capricious and given to tantrums, while Colin is less and less like his fair and kind mother. What he refused to admit is that he could not deal with being a father in a state of deep depression and clinging to past. If I were him, I would assume my parental responsibility and protect Colin with double care and affection to make up for the maternal love which is absent from his childhood. I wouldn't attribute my wife's death to the coming of Colin but view him as the most precious gift from her. And I would create for Colin a childhood as healthy and happy as possible. The underlying message to be taken from the story is this: childhood illness can and must be cured through exercise and positive emotions. If we could show up exactly when children need our love,care and support in the first place, why bother to remedy the feelings of estrangement after it gets too late in the end?

These are my humble opinions, and your views are always valued.

手風琴的回憶

Reading Check

Paragraph 1：

Emotions boiled over on a Sunday afternoon.Overwhelmed by teasing laughter and the tiredness in practice, I could feel the anger in my body. “I don't want to play it any more! ” I shouted. An expression of sorrow crossed Dad's face. “Accordion sounds can bring people joy. That's a gift I won't let you throw away.” At it, I was speechless.I had rarely heard Dad speak with such feeling about anything. From then on, I practice without parents making me.

Paragraph 2:

On the night of the concert, my mother wore beautiful earrings and makeup. Dad got out of work early and put on a suit and tie. In the theatre, I was as nervous as a bird the moment I stepped on the stage. I took a deep breath and then started to perform. The smooth music flowed like a steady stream when my fingers danced, lingering around the hall. The audience was moved, and there was thunderous applause. Dad jumped up, dashed to the stage and gave me a bear hug. Tears of joy welled up in our eyes.

如何過一個沒有壓力的假期

Reading Check

There're ways to help you live a happy life during a long holiday without holiday stress. (要點1) First, never go on a diet, but instead keep a balanced, healthy diet by disciplining yourself. (要點2) Second, schedule a time for exercise every day, which is good for your physical and mental health. (要點3) Finally, to avoid holiday stress, try not to put off until tomorrow what can be done today. (要點4)

年輕而非凡的掃地工

Reading Check

Any answer is possible as long as it makes sense. But one possible answer might be that every good or bad deed has its reward.

Language Study

When the protests messed Antonio Gwynn Jr.'s hometown Buffalo, New York, he decided to clean the streets alone. His deeds spread quickly when an organized group of neighbours found the truth.Consequently, what he did moved others and he got rewarded with a 2004 red Mustang convertible along with a year of free auto insurance coverage.What's more, he was also rewarded a full scholarship which helped him study business starting in the fall. What he did proves that one good turn deserves another.

一剪寒梅，又吐芬芳

Reading Check

Zhang Aiqin's unique performance and appearance, and the ambiguous lyrics. Also, Some foreign Web users say that they felt inner peace and the beauty of Mandarin listening to the song.In addition, Zhang Aiqin resembles the foreign version of Humpty Dumpty in DreamWorks' animation Shrek or Dr. Eggman.

Language Study

社交媒體建立了一個促進國際社會間文化交流的平臺，拋開了不同的社會背景和語言差異。

鳥兒也有方言嗎

Reading Check

1～4 DDCB

Language Study

It was not until I read this passage that I became aware that birds also have dialects.

2020年是“內(nèi)向者之年”嗎

Reading Check

1. have been hoping 2. tolerant 3. against

4. an 5. strengths 6. themselves 7. addressing

8. than 9. it 10. teammates

Language Study

1. Then came the news that our match was canceled.

2. It turned out that his efforts paid off.

鴿子化身倫敦的環(huán)保衛(wèi)士

Reading Check

1～3 CBB

Language Study

迪凱努瓦說，他想更好地測量污染，同時通過推特讓公眾獲得結(jié)果。

暴風雨前的寧靜

Reading Check

1～4 ABCC

Language Study

一旦風暴從空氣中吸收了所有的能量，這些空氣就會被從風暴云層的頂部推開，并回落到地面。

玩命工作

Activity 1

1. career adviser 2. more and more difficult

3. tricky 4. normally 5. riot

6. the creative industries 7. the breadwinner

8. out of date

Activity 2

1. × 2. × 3. √ 4. × 5. √ 6. × 7. √

8. √

Activity 3

1. A 2. N 3. A 4. N 5. F 6. F

Fun corner

1. mouse 2. dodo 3. elephant 4. fox 5. lion

6. parrot 7. ox 8. mule 9. owl

●加油站

Task 1

本文是一篇說明文。語音操作與自動化技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)使得機器人電話可以以假亂真，語音操作和自動化技術(shù)的發(fā)展使得機器人電話產(chǎn)生的問題更加嚴重。

1～4 DABC

Task 2

本文是一篇說明文。本文主要講述的是外在的因素對孩子發(fā)展的影響。

1～5 GAFEB

Task 3

本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個人拾金不昧，撿到別人的傘之后專程還給失主，很多年之后又收到了失主贈送傘的故事。

1～5 BADBA 6～10 ADBDA

11～15 BCADC

Task 4

Ⅰ.

中國發(fā)射的首個無人探測器“嫦娥四號”在月球背面著陸，這是中國的航天壯舉。

1. touched 2. extremely 3. where 4. interest

5. than 6. to find 7. means 8. is constructed

9. much 10. its

Ⅱ.

Dear Wang Ming,

I am terribly sorry that I didn't show up at your home to discuss the coming English speech contest as planned. Please excuse me for my absence. On my way to your home, I came across a car accident. Seeing the man seriously injured, I soon rushed him to hospital in a taxi and stayed there until he was properly treated. Everything happened so unexpectedly that I didn't have time to inform you.

Please accept my sincere apology. I would appreciate it if you could kindly tell me when you are available so that we will discuss the contest later.

Sincerely yours,

Li Hua

Task 5

Paragraph 1：

“I found it in a second-hand shop for seven dollars,” Mr Finkle said, handing the violin to me. I noticed the tears in Daddy's eyes as I finally comprehended. It was mine! I skipped forward for it,yelling with excitement. I took it over and stroked it gently.“It's beautiful,”I said, barely breathing. Then I put it under my chin, and as Mr Finkle did, started to play. The melody flowed from the bow and danced in the air,with my dream of being a violinist ignited by the seven-dollar surprise.

Paragraph 2：

I forced my thoughts to the present and read again the advertisement. The simple words echoed loudly in my mind, bringing the visualized face of a child cherishing a music dream and yearning for his own violin. Pulling out the dusty case from the drawer, I made a resolution to pass it on to the one in need, together with my wish that it could bring him warmth and hope to strive for his dream. Staring at the violin, I found it glossy in the sunlight,as if it had sensed its new voyage of another sparkling dream.