他去太空的這一年

朱楊健

“眼睛瞪得像銅鈴，射出閃電般的精明……”當(dāng)動(dòng)畫片《黑貓警長》這首主題曲響起的時(shí)候，很多人腦海里會(huì)立即浮現(xiàn)出那一個(gè)個(gè)留在記憶深處的動(dòng)畫形象。

這部只有短短5集的動(dòng)畫片，是一代中國人共同的童年記憶，也是中國動(dòng)畫產(chǎn)業(yè)一部里程碑式的作品，它的總導(dǎo)演名叫戴鐵郎。

2020年8月下旬，每到臨近傍晚，位于杭州城西的楓林晚書立方就開始熱鬧起來，一場(chǎng)自發(fā)的紀(jì)念展上，許多人慕名尋來，尋找和黑貓警長有關(guān)的記憶。

在這個(gè)不大的書屋里，陳列了許多和戴鐵郎有關(guān)的物件。進(jìn)門一抬頭就能看到4個(gè)黑色的大字——請(qǐng)看下集。但是兒時(shí)的那個(gè)《黑貓警長》不會(huì)再有下集了，2019年9月4日，戴鐵郎因病在杭州逝世，享年89歲。當(dāng)時(shí)，很多人在緬懷戴鐵郎時(shí)用了這樣一句話：“《黑貓警長》沒有下一集了?！?/p>

留存在記憶中的《黑貓警長》，并不只是一部童年的動(dòng)畫片，在那個(gè)電視還沒有普及的年代，很多人都是在電影院正片播放之前看這部動(dòng)畫的，和同學(xué)們、和朋友們，而不是自己一個(gè)人在家里。

再往里面走，掛在墻上的是去年戴鐵郎去世的時(shí)候，他的學(xué)生、粉絲們畫的紀(jì)念畫作以及一些和戴鐵郎有關(guān)的書籍、動(dòng)畫手辦之類。說是展覽，也并不十分貼切，象征的意義更多些吧。

都說黑貓警長是“80后”的記憶，但實(shí)際上也有了不少10來歲的小粉絲，兩代人在不知不覺中完成了傳遞。

展覽的結(jié)束期定在2020年9月4日，其間安排了許多場(chǎng)分享會(huì)，參與分享會(huì)的有戴鐵郎的學(xué)生和朋友，他們講述了許多電影背后的故事;還有就是重溫動(dòng)畫片《黑貓警長》了，每一幀畫面都如同童年的呼喚，讓人記起已經(jīng)流逝的時(shí)光，多像那漫天的繁星，看得見，卻又那么遙遠(yuǎn)。

《黑貓警長》是戴鐵郎最具代表性的作品，但實(shí)際上那個(gè)年代許多耳熟能詳?shù)膭?dòng)畫片都和他有關(guān)。

戴鐵郎進(jìn)入上海美術(shù)電影制片廠的時(shí)候只有23歲，而《黑貓警長》是他年過50以后的作品。在這期間，經(jīng)他之手的動(dòng)畫也有一定數(shù)量，名聲甚至不遜于《黑貓警長》。

剛到上海美術(shù)電影制片廠不久，戴鐵郎就參與了《驕傲的將軍》的動(dòng)畫設(shè)計(jì)——這部動(dòng)畫片也被稱作“中國動(dòng)畫學(xué)派的開山之作”。1960年，戴鐵郎再次為《小蝌蚪找媽媽》做動(dòng)畫設(shè)計(jì)，緊接著是3年后的《牧笛》。1965年《草原英雄小姐妹》上映，其中立體鮮活的人物形象設(shè)計(jì)，也出自戴鐵郎之手。20世紀(jì)70年代末，《母雞搬家》在戴鐵郎手下誕生了。這部動(dòng)畫片里出現(xiàn)了太陽能、電梯、自動(dòng)化廠房……后來還拿了一個(gè)科普文化獎(jiǎng)。作為導(dǎo)演的戴鐵郎，此后佳作不斷，例如家喻戶曉的《九色鹿》，獲1982年意大利第12屆吉福尼國際兒童電影節(jié)最佳榮譽(yù)獎(jiǎng)、意大利共和國總統(tǒng)銀質(zhì)獎(jiǎng)?wù)碌摹段业呐笥研『ｋ唷罚€有《小紅臉和小藍(lán)臉》《森林、小鳥和我》《警犬救護(hù)隊(duì)》等。

很多人是在展覽中才發(fā)現(xiàn)，不僅僅是《黑貓警長》，原來當(dāng)年陪伴自己成長的那么多動(dòng)畫片，都是出自戴老之手。

戴鐵郎的朋友說，戴老低調(diào)而堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，這與他的人生經(jīng)歷有關(guān)。他不與人爭(zhēng)，只是默默做著自己熱愛的事業(yè)。

如同《黑貓警長》只有5集的遺憾，戴鐵郎的一生也有諸多遺憾，但他本人說起往事時(shí)，顯得很平和：“這幾年我在這個(gè)崗位，熱愛孩子，熱愛動(dòng)漫，熱愛國家，就是這樣”。

在知乎上，“為什么《黑貓警長》只有5集”這一話題曾大熱，也有各種不同的版本的解釋。但如今戴鐵郎已不在了，無法也沒有必要去探究真相了。

2015年的時(shí)候，曾出過一部《黑貓警長》的電影，但改編較多，并未引起共鳴，豆瓣的評(píng)分停留在5.2分。這件事，戴老也曾提及過，依然是不評(píng)不爭(zhēng)，一如他的性格。

盡管展覽很小，但看得出來，“黑貓警長”的朋友們是很認(rèn)真很用心地在做著這件事情。

戴鐵郎的朋友說，這就是戴老的性格，他們只是將他掛念在心中的事情繼續(xù)做下去，戴老離開了，黑貓警長和那些動(dòng)漫形象應(yīng)該繼續(xù)和孩子們成為朋友。

大家原以為來參加展覽的觀眾年紀(jì)應(yīng)該多是三四十歲，其實(shí)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)各個(gè)年齡的粉絲都有，尤其不少“二次元”的少年主動(dòng)聯(lián)系策展人并且積極地參與了進(jìn)來。

他去太空的這一年，地球上還是有許多人惦記著他，在繼續(xù)著他熱愛的事。

In late August 2020， a memorial event was held at Fenglinwan Bookstore in the west of Hangzhou in honor of Dai Tielang， director of ， a 55-episode animation series for children screened on television in the 1980s. Dai passed away at 89 in Hangzhou on September 4th， 2019. Quite a number of fans whose childhood years were made memorable by the series appeared on the first day of the memorial event at the bookstore. Among them were those who were born in the 1980s and in the 21st centuries. It is hard to understand why there were no fans born in the 1990s attending the memorial.

Hu Xin is the producer of the memorial event. He met Dai Tielang in the last part of the directors life. Since the death of Dai， Hu has been engaged in events designed to honor the director. This particular event was designed to last till September 4， the anniversary day of Dais death. During the event， students and friends of Dai were invited to share their stories concerning Dai and .

It is easy to explain why ?has affected so many people. From 1984 to 1987， Shanghai Animation Film Studio launched five seasons of the black cats law enforcement adventures in a forest. It became an instant national blockbuster. Directed by Dai Tielang， the five seasons depicted a world of brand-new technologies， most of which were unknown to the general public back then. Dai himself was an enthusiastic reader and subscribed to many international science periodicals. He introduced what he knew and imagined into the animation series for children： a bullet turned and followed the target， a telephone was a mobile device， and a motor boat flew in the sky. Back then， these innovative ideas appeared absurd and even supernatural， but they added an exotic touch to the sheriffs adventures and won the hearts of the young audience across the country in the 1980s when science and technology were making a huge comeback.

Quite a few of the fans who came to visit the exhibition at the bookstore were surprised to find that Dai was the mastermind behind many other cartoon and animation series that had fascinated them in their childhood years.

Part of the directors mentality was highlighted at the memorial event. Dai Tielang was a reticent man who did not bother to argue for his own case. Some people loudly criticized ?for presenting absurdities such as a bullet that turned. After reading such a commentary in a newspaper， a colleague wanted to write an answerback. Dai asked the colleague not to blast the critic， saying that let time tell. Dai did not offer any explanation after hearing of some accounts concerning why the popular series didnt have more episodes. “I love children， love cartoons and animation， and love my country. Thats all，” said succinctly the director. In 2015， a long film featuring ?didnt make a splash because the adaptation swerved too much off the original scripts. The film received a very poor rating at a popular rating website. Dai knew about the rating， but uttered no comment.

was based on a thin book authored by Zhu Zhixiang. Dai saw the think book for children at a street kiosk. Dai read it and thought it would be a very good adaptation. Most colleagues didnt see eye to eye with him on the project. But Dai insisted. It turned out to be a huge blockbuster. Dai had an explanation for the success. “Children are honest. What they want is simple： they want the true， the good， and the beautiful.” The animation series based on his understanding of children touched the heart of so many youngsters that he is still fondly remembered. He will be remembered for a long time.