The Diary of Anne Frank

山東省聊城市外國語學(xué)校 楊曉蕾

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《安妮日記》是德籍猶太人安妮·弗蘭克寫的日記，是其藏身密室時(shí)的生活和情感的記錄。安妮在日記中吐露了與母親不斷發(fā)生沖突的困惑，而對(duì)于充滿恐怖的25個(gè)月的藏匿生活的記錄，也使這本《安妮日記》成為德軍占領(lǐng)下的人民苦難生活的目擊報(bào)道。

Chapter 1 A brief introduction to the The Diary of Anne Frank

The Diary of Anne Frank also known as The Diary of a Young Girl， is a book written①in the form of the Dutch language diary while she was in hiding for two years with her family during the Nazi's②occupation of the Netherlands.On June 12，1942， her 13th birthday，Anne Frank received a blank diary as one of her presents.The red book which Anne used as her diary was actually not a surprise.She had chosen it the day before with her father when browsing隨意看a bookstore near her home.She began to write in it on June 14， 1942， two days later.

On July 5， 1942， Anne's older sister Margot received an official summons傳票to report to a Nazi work camp in Germany， and on July 6，Margot and Anne went into hiding with their father Otto and mother Edith.Their hiding place was in the sealed-off封離型upper rooms at the back of Otto's company building in Amsterdam.Otto Frank started his business in 1933.He was licensed to make and sell jam.He stopped running his business while everybody was in hiding.But once he returned，he found his employees running it.③With the help of a group of Otto Frank's colleagues， they remained hidden for two years and one month.

In August 1944，they were discovered and sent to Nazi concentration camps.They were long thought to have been betrayed背叛，although there were indications that their discovery might have been accidental.Of the eight people，only Otto Frank survived the war.Anne died when she was 15 years old in Bergen-Belsen，from typhus斑疹傷寒.The exact date of her death is unknown， and has long been believed to be in early March，a few weeks before the prisoners were④set free by British troops in April 1945.However， new research in 2015 suggested that Anne may have died in February.

In the manuscript手稿， her earliest diaries are written over three volumes.The first volume covers the period between June 14 and December 5，1942.The second surviving volume began on December 22，1943，and ended on April 17，1944.It is thought that the original volume or volumes between December 1942 and December 1943 probably got lost after the arrest，when the hiding place was emptied on Nazi instructions.However，this missing period is covered in the version Anne rewrote to be kept.The third volume contains diaries from April 17 to August 1，1944， when Anne wrote for the last time before her arrest.

The manuscript， written on loose sheets of paper，was found lying around on the floor of the hiding place by Miep Gies and Bep Voskuijl after the family's arrest，but before their rooms were ransacked洗劫by the Dutch police and the Gestapo蓋世太保（秘密警察）.They were kept safe，and given to Otto Frank after the war，with the earliest notes， when Anne's death was confirmed證實(shí)in the autumn of 1945.The diary was given back by Miep Gies，who gave it to Anne's father， Otto Frank， the family's only known survivor，just after the war was over.The diary has since been published in more than 60 languages.

Chapter 2 Selected pieces from the diaries

June 12，1942

I hope I will be able to confide傾訴everything to you， as I have never been able to confide in anyone，and I hope you will be a great source of comfort and support.

（Comment added by Anne on September 28，1942）

So far you truly have been a great source of comfort to me， and so has Kitty， whom I now write to regularly.This way of keeping a diary is much nicer，and now I can hardly wait for those moments when I'm able to write in you.Oh，I'm so glad I brought you along!

June 20，1942

Writing in a diary is a really strange experience for someone like me.Not only because I've never written anything before，but also because it seems to me that later on neither I nor anyone else will be interested in the musings沉思o(jì)f a thirteen-year-old schoolgirl.Oh well， it doesn't matter.I feel like writing， and I have an even greater need to get all kinds of things off my chest.

“Paper has more patience than people.” I thought of this saying on one of those days when I was feeling a little depressed and was sitting at home with my chin下巴in my hands， bored and listless無精打采的， wondering whether to stay in or go out.I finally stayed where I was，brooding焦慮的.Yes， paper does have more patience， and since I'm not planning to let anyone else read this notebook referred to as a “diary”， unless I should ever find a real friend， it probably won't⑤make a bit of difference.

閱讀掃障

熱詞積累

1.in the form of...以……的形式

2.occupation [,?kju'pe??n]n.a situation in which an army or a group of people moves into and takes control of a place（軍隊(duì)或一伙人）占領(lǐng)；占據(jù)

3.with the help of...在……的幫助下

4.set free釋放

5.make a difference有區(qū)別；有影響

難句分析

1.She had chosen it the day before with her father when browsing a bookstore near her home.前一天，當(dāng)她和爸爸一起在她家附近書店閑逛的時(shí)候，安妮就選好了它。

（1）句中主句為She had chosen it the day before with her father，使用的是過去完成時(shí)，表示在過去某一時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的行為；when引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句。

（2）“when browsing a bookstore near her home.”是 “when she was browsing a bookstore near her home.”的簡化形式。在時(shí)間、條件，以及讓步狀語從句中，當(dāng)主從句主語一致時(shí)，可將從句主語和be同時(shí)省略。before和after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句簡化時(shí)，before和after由連詞變成介詞，后面需要接動(dòng)名詞形式。當(dāng)從句的主語是it時(shí)，盡管主從句主語不一致，也可將it和be同時(shí)省略。

While（youwere）walkingthedog，youwerecareless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗時(shí)，你十分粗心，狗跑掉被車撞了。

Even though （I was） invited to the party，I didn't go to it.雖然被邀請(qǐng)去參加派對(duì)，但我沒有去。

Before being introduced to the host，the shy boy seemed a little nervous.

=Before he was introduced to the host，the shy boy seemed a little nervous.在被介紹給主人之前，靦腆的男孩看起來有些緊張。

I will go to the concert if（it is）possible.如果可能的話，我將去聽音樂會(huì)。

More aid should be given to the villagers when（it was）in terrible winter.在惡劣的冬季，應(yīng)該給村民們提供更多的援助。

2.But once he returned，he found his employees running it.可當(dāng)他一回來時(shí)，就發(fā)現(xiàn)他的雇員們?cè)诮?jīng)營它。

句中once引導(dǎo)的前句是時(shí)間狀語從句，后句為主句。 found his employees running it為“find+賓語+賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)”，賓補(bǔ)可以由現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、名詞、形容詞，以及介詞短語充當(dāng)。

When he came back to life，he found himself lying on the ground/surrounded by his friends/a beggar/much too sleepy/in a mysterious valley.當(dāng)他蘇醒時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己躺在地面上/被朋友們包圍著/成了乞丐/昏昏欲睡/身處在一個(gè)神秘的山谷里。

3.They were long thought to have been betrayed，although there were indications that their discovery might have been accidental.盡管有跡象表明他們被發(fā)現(xiàn)可能是出于意外，但長期以來，人們認(rèn)為他們是被出賣了。

（1）They were long thought to have been betrayed可轉(zhuǎn)換為It was long thought that they were betrayed。

（2）although引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語從句，句中that引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句。that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)常放在抽象名詞word （消息），fact，doubt，message，truth，以及information等后面。

（3）might have done“可能……”，是對(duì)發(fā)生在過去的行為的推測。

There is no doubt that China is becoming more and more powerful.毫無疑問，中國正在變得日益強(qiáng)大起來。

Tom might have passed the exam，but I am not sure about it.Tom考試可能過關(guān)了，但我不確定。

4.So far you truly have been a great source of comfort to me， and so has Kitty， whom I now write to regularly.截至目前，你已成為我莫大的安慰；Kitty也是如此，現(xiàn)在我經(jīng)常寫信給她。

（1）whom引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Kitty，此處暗含了擬人化的用法，即將Kitty比作了Anne的朋友。

（2）so has Kitty為 “so+助動(dòng)詞 +主語” 的用法，意為“……也是如此”，其中的助動(dòng)詞包括be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，以及does/did/do/have/has/had等。

拓展：

（1）“so+主語 +助動(dòng)詞”意為“……確實(shí)……”，本句式用于對(duì)上文所提到的情況作出進(jìn)一步的肯定和強(qiáng)調(diào)。

（2）“neither/nor+助動(dòng)詞 +主語”用于否定的倒裝，意為“……也不……”。

If Jack is 12，so is his twin brother Lee.如果Jack是12歲，那他的雙胞胎兄弟Lee也是一樣。

—Did you buy these books from that bookstore？

——你是從那家書店買的這些書嗎？

—So I did.I bought them last Sunday.

——確實(shí)是這樣。我上周日買的。

Mary didn't want to give another try，neither did Kate.Mary不想再試一次，Kate也一樣。