刊首語

傳承與發(fā)展是人類思想、文明、生活進步的永恒主題，也是中國風景園林數(shù)千年來發(fā)展進步的歷史規(guī)律。生命感受是思想的源頭，民族文化是文明的引領(lǐng)，精神藝術(shù)是生活境界的最高追求。感受、文化、藝術(shù)既是人類思想文明生活發(fā)展的源泉動力，也是承載人類生存發(fā)展的基本目標。發(fā)端于自然與生命智慧的感受、文化、藝術(shù)具有連續(xù)性、多樣性和創(chuàng)新性3個特性。連續(xù)性的傳承保證了三者穩(wěn)定持續(xù)的演進，多樣性的維護保證了三者的健康存在，創(chuàng)新性的超越傳統(tǒng)保證了三者的進步優(yōu)化提升。

以感受、文化、藝術(shù)為內(nèi)在動力，以生態(tài)、文明、境界為外化表達，在經(jīng)歷了文化大斷層、全球化的副作用、全民生活水平接近小康之后，擁有久遠而豐厚的傳統(tǒng)積淀，在經(jīng)歷著現(xiàn)代轉(zhuǎn)型而又面對新時代發(fā)展更大機遇和挑戰(zhàn)的今天，中國當代風景園林的大發(fā)展，變得越發(fā)關(guān)鍵而刻不容緩了。首先應(yīng)從感受、文化、藝術(shù)著眼，從生態(tài)、文明、境界著手。實現(xiàn) “看得見山，望得見水，記得住鄉(xiāng)愁”，需要中國生態(tài)環(huán)境感受的傳承與發(fā)展，研究總結(jié)傳統(tǒng)空間意識與空間美，進而前瞻未來的感受需求十分必要，這是由基于數(shù)十萬至數(shù)千年生命進化的人類環(huán)境感知的穩(wěn)定性所決定的；發(fā)展現(xiàn)代文明與山水文化，需要中國山水文化的傳承與發(fā)展，在中國風景園林的延長線上砥礪前行；復(fù)興偉大的中國園林藝術(shù)，需要中國古典園林藝術(shù)的傳承與超越，需要重拾中國城市規(guī)劃的風景營造傳統(tǒng)。

中國風景園林的傳承，不僅僅是把過去的遺產(chǎn)繼承下來，傳承是在掌握以往所有的同時，尋找解釋那些永恒的至今仍然具有生命力甚至發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用的東西，是在所有中尋找發(fā)展的線索、理清延續(xù)的脈絡(luò)、發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)展的規(guī)律。就像前輩馮紀忠先生那樣，借助詩詞、繪畫的佐證，對2000多年來中國風景園林感受發(fā)展的脈絡(luò)予以梳理，發(fā)現(xiàn)了 “形”“情”“理”“神”“意”的中國風景園林感受演進規(guī)律及其精華，進而展開了全球化時代中國風景園林超越傳統(tǒng)的思考；創(chuàng)新的原動力來自 “現(xiàn)在”和 “未來”的需求，講求的是優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)的超越，而非標新立異。創(chuàng)新不能脫離傳統(tǒng)，“研今必習古，無古不成今”，不能“前無古人，后無來者，不能旁若無人，旁若無物，棄舊圖新”，應(yīng)當倡導(dǎo)文脈延續(xù)的發(fā)展思路，摒棄那種一反前人、一反常態(tài)的作法。要像孟兆禎先生學習，在傳承《園冶》的基礎(chǔ)之上，基于現(xiàn)代的實踐，撰寫《園衍》，提出 “借景理法”原理，創(chuàng)造 “假山”設(shè)計新方法新技術(shù)，實現(xiàn)了對中國傳統(tǒng)園林設(shè)計營造的超越。

中國風景園林的發(fā)展必須兼顧 “過去”“現(xiàn)在”“未來”的三元一體，需要對于 “過去”的傳承、對于 “現(xiàn)在”的超越以及對于 “未來”的 “前瞻”。風景園林師必須具備 “三重眼界”，在傳承與超越的同時，更需要面向未來的前瞻。從歷史的長河思考新時代中國風景園林的未來發(fā)展，生態(tài)保護與美麗中國建設(shè)的宏圖偉任為積淀久遠、蓄勢待發(fā)的中國現(xiàn)代風景園林事業(yè)帶來了空前的機遇。較之歷史上的發(fā)展，今天中國風景園林發(fā)展的成敗與否，決定著未來的百年大計、千年宏愿。今天中國風景園林的發(fā)展應(yīng)當是全學科領(lǐng)域、多專業(yè)角度、普及而深層的，在發(fā)展定位、目標、觀念意識、認識論、方法論、實踐論、國際化、現(xiàn)代性、中國性、地方性、教育、人才培養(yǎng)、科研、產(chǎn)業(yè)等多方面展開系統(tǒng)的傳統(tǒng)傳承與超越創(chuàng)新。首要的是思想的活躍、意識的多元，需要不斷地嘗試，經(jīng)歷成?。粸榇?，需要一個從理論學界到實踐業(yè)界、從本學科專業(yè)到相關(guān)學科專業(yè)的全民總參與，無論是前輩長者，還是后輩新生，都應(yīng)付諸行動而責無旁貸。

Inheritance and development is the eternal theme of the progress of human thought, civilization, and life, and also the historical law of the development and progress of Chinese landscape architecture for thousands of years. The experience of life is the source of thought, the national culture is the lead of civilization, and the spiritual art is the highest pursuit of life. Experience, culture and art are not only the source impetus for the development of human thought, civilization and life, but also the bearer of the basic goal of human existence and development. Experience, culture and art originated from the nature and life wisdom have three characteristics of continuity, diversity and innovation.The continuity of inheritance ensures the steady and continuous evolution of the three,the maintenance of diversity ensures the existence of the three, and the innovative transcendence of traditions guarantees the improvement and optimization.

With experience, culture and art as the internal motivation, with ecology, civilization and realm as its external expression, after experiencing the serious side effect of cultural big faults and globalization, and living standard of the people close to the well-to-do society, with long and profound accumulation of tradition, after experiencing the modern transformation and facing more opportunities and challenges in the new era, the grand development of Chinese contemporary landscape architecture have become even more crucial and urgent. Firstly, we should at least start from the perspectives of experience,culture and art, and proceed from ecology, civilization and realm. The realization of "seeing the mountains, seeing the water, and remembering the nostalgia" requires the inheritance and development of Chinese ecological environment, and the study and summary of traditional space consciousness and space beauty, as well as further prospecting the experience needs of the future, is necessary, which is determined by the stability of human environment perception based on the evolution of life over thousands of years;the development of modern civilization and landscape culture requires the inheritance and development of Chinese landscape culture, and forging ahead along the extension of Chinese landscape architecture; and the revival of the great Chinese garden art requires the inheritance and transcendence of Chinese traditional garden art, and regaining the traditions of landscape creation in urban planning of China.

The inheritance of Chinese landscape architecture should not only inherit the legacy of the past, but also seek to explain what is still eternal, full of life, and even vital, while grasping all the past, and find the clues for development, clarify the context continuation, and find the law of development. Like the predecessor Mr. Feng Jizhong, with the support of poetry and painting, he cleared up the context of the development of Chinese landscape architecture for over two thousand years, found the evolution law and its essence of Chinese landscape architecture experience of "form", "emotion", "reason" and "spirit" and "meaning", and then embarks on the thinking of transcendence of Chinese landscape architecture traditions in the era of globalization. The motive power of innovation comes from the needs of the"present" and "future", which emphasizes on the transcendence over traditions rather than unconventionality, and innovation cannot be divorced from traditions. We must advocate the continuation of the development train of thought and abandon the concept of antipredecessor and unnatural practice. We should learn from Mr. Meng Zhaozhen. Based on inheriting Yuan Ye and modern practices, he wrote Yuan Yan, put forward the principle of"scenery borrowing method", created the new method and technology of "rockery" design,and realized the transcendence of Chinese traditional landscape design and creation.

The development of Chinese landscape architecture must take into account the ternary unity of the "past", "present" and "future", namely the inheritance of the "past", the transcendence of the “present”, and the “prospect” for the “future”. Landscape architect must have "triple vision", in the heritage and beyond, but also need to look forward to the future. Thinking about the future development of Chinese landscape architecture in the new era from a historical perspective, the grand plan and task of ecological protection and the Beautiful China construction has brought unprecedented opportunities for the long accumulated and prosperous modern landscape architecture of China. Compared with the historical development, the success or failure of the development of Chinese landscape architecture today determines the great aspiration for the future century and millennium. The present development of Chinese landscape architecture should be multidisciplinary, multiple perspectives, popular and deep, and the systematic tradition inheritance and transcendence and innovation should be in the development orientation, goals, concepts and awareness,epistemology, methodology, practice theory, internationalization, modernity, Chinese characteristic, localism, education, talent cultivation, scientific research, industry and other aspects. The foremost is the active thinking and the diversity of consciousness, and we need to constantly try and experience the success or failure. For this reason, we need the participation of all the people from the theoretical community to the practical industry and from the discipline to the relevant subjects, and all, the seniors and the younger generations,should act responsibly.