老年人群代謝綜合征與幽門螺桿菌感染相關(guān)性研究
雷映紅陳輝劉菊趙晟旬王帆
目的探討老年人群代謝綜合征(MS)與幽門螺桿菌(HP)感染的相互關(guān)系。方法選取427例老年健康體檢者,計(jì)算體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI),測量血壓,檢測空腹血糖(FBG)、總膽固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL-C)和尿酸(UA)水平,采用C13呼氣實(shí)驗(yàn)測定HP感染,分析老年人群代謝危險(xiǎn)因素和HP感染的相關(guān)性。結(jié)果MS組與非MS組相比,BMI、收縮壓(SBP)、舒張壓(DBP)、FBG、TG、TC、LDL-C及UA均偏高(t=12.416、5.839、6.409、6.752、7.682、2.331、2.489、4.457,P均<0.05),HDL-C偏低(t=6.115,P<0.05);MS組中HP陽性率較非MS組高(χ2=4.943,P=0.028);與HP(-)組比較,HP(+)組的TC、FBG和UA均偏高(t=3.360、4,883、4.188,均P<0.05),HDL-C偏低(t=4.505,P<0.05)。結(jié)論老年人群MS與HP感染相關(guān),HP可能通過促進(jìn)代謝危險(xiǎn)因素而增加MS的發(fā)病率,但其機(jī)制有待進(jìn)一步研究。
代謝綜合征; 幽門螺桿菌; 老年人
近年來,越來越多的研究關(guān)注HP感染的消化道外作用,如能增加胰島素抵抗、引起血脂紊亂[1],與冠心病和腦卒中的發(fā)病機(jī)制有關(guān)[2-3]。代謝綜合征(MS)包括肥胖、高血壓、血脂紊亂和糖耐量異?;颌蛐吞悄虿?是心腦血管疾病的重要危險(xiǎn)因素。有研究發(fā)現(xiàn),MS與HP感染之間具有相關(guān)性[3],國內(nèi)尚少見相關(guān)報(bào)道。本研究對(duì)427例老年健康體檢資料進(jìn)行回顧性分析,探討老年人群MS與HP感染的關(guān)系。
1.1 對(duì)象 選取2011年3~11月健康體檢者427例,年齡60~93歲,平均(70.5±7.6)歲。其中患MS者122例,HP感染陽性者134例,兩者共存者48例。均排除各種急慢性感染性疾病、惡性腫瘤、自身免疫性疾病、手術(shù)或其他應(yīng)激情況等。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 臨床資料:脫鞋去帽、穿單衣,采用統(tǒng)一的測量工具,測量身高、體質(zhì)量及血壓,計(jì)算體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI):體質(zhì)量(kg)/身高(m)2。采集空腹8 h以上的肘靜脈血,用全自動(dòng)生化儀檢測空腹血糖(FBG)、甘油三酯(TG)、總膽固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDL-C)和尿酸(UA)。用C13呼氣試驗(yàn)測定HP感染。
1.2.2 診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn):采用2004年中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)糖尿病分會(huì)建議適合中國人群的MS診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[4],符合以下4個(gè)組成成分中的3個(gè)或全部者:(1)超重或肥胖:BMI≥25.0;(2) FBG≥6.1 mmol/L,或糖負(fù)荷后血糖≥7.8 mmol/L,或已確診為糖尿病并治療者;(3)高血壓:收縮壓(SBP)/舒張壓(DBP)≥140/90 mmHg,或已確診為高血壓并治療者;(4)血脂紊亂:空腹TG≥1.7 mmol/L,或空腹血HDL-C:男性<0.9 mmol/L,女性<1.0 mmol/L。用C13呼氣試驗(yàn)測定HP,HP陽性即為有HP感染。
2.1 MS組與非MS組資料的比較 與非MS組比較,MS組BMI、SBP、DBP、FBG、TG、TC、LDL-C和UA均顯著增高(t=12.416、5.839、6.409、6.752、7.682、2.331、2.489、4.457,P<0.05),HDL-C顯著降低(t=6.115,P<0.05),2組間年齡差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.443)。MS組中HP陽性率為38.5%,大于非MS組的27.5%,且差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=4.943,P=0.028)。見表1。
表1 MS組與非MS組臨床資料的比較()
注:與非MS組比較,*P<0.05,**P<0.01
2.2 HP陽性組與HP陰性組資料的比較 與HP陰性組相比,HP陽性組的FBG、TG和UA顯著增高(t=3.360、4.883、4.188,P<0.01),HDL-C顯著降低(t=4.505,P<0.01),而2組間年齡、BMI、SPB、DBP、TC和LDL-C差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。見表2。
表2 HP陽性組與HP陰性組資料的比較()
注:與HP陰性組比較,**P<0.01
近年來,HP感染在心腦血管領(lǐng)域的作用越來越受到學(xué)者的關(guān)注。MS和HP感染的關(guān)系,目前尚無一致結(jié)論。日本學(xué)者研究顯示,HP血清陽性與高SBP、低HDL-C和高LDL-C有顯著的相關(guān)性[1]。Gen 等[1]研究也顯示,根除HP感染可能減少冠狀動(dòng)脈疾病和MS的發(fā)病率。但也有研究顯示HP感染與冠狀動(dòng)脈危險(xiǎn)因素(吸煙、高BMI、糖尿病、高血壓、TC等)無相關(guān)性[6]。本研究結(jié)果顯示老年人群HP感染與MS有關(guān),MS病人的HP陽性率較非MS者顯著升高,HP感染與FBG、TC、HDL-C和UA有相關(guān)性。
MS 與HP感染相互關(guān)系的機(jī)制,可能與HP感染引起脂代謝紊亂和增加胰島素抵抗,從而增加MS的發(fā)病率有關(guān)。大量研究顯示HP感染與脂代謝紊亂有關(guān)[7-8]。HP感染引起血脂代謝紊亂的機(jī)制可能為,慢性HP感染通過活化促炎癥細(xì)胞因子促使脂質(zhì)向致動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化方向發(fā)展,這些細(xì)胞因子能通過不同的途徑影響脂質(zhì)代謝,包括激活脂肪組織的脂蛋白脂酶、刺激肝臟脂肪酸合成和影響脂解作用[9-10]。也有大量研究顯示HP感染增加胰島素抵抗[11],其作用機(jī)制可能與持續(xù)的慢性炎癥存在可能加速胰島素抵抗有關(guān)[12];另外,HP感染增加病人血清胃泌素濃度并降低血清生長抑素濃度,而胃泌素增加食物和血糖刺激相關(guān)的胰島素釋放,生長抑素調(diào)節(jié)胰腺的胰島素分泌并抑制胰島素釋放,故HP感染可間接影響胰島素的釋放,從而增加胰島素抵抗[13-14]。
總之,本研究結(jié)果顯示MS與HP感染有相關(guān)性,HP感染可能通過引起血脂紊亂和增加胰島素抵抗,促使MS的發(fā)病率增高,但其具體機(jī)制仍有待進(jìn)一步研究。
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Correlationbetweenmetabolicsyndromeandhelicobacterpyloriinfectioninelderlypatients
LEIYing-hong,CHENHui,LIUJu,ZHAOSheng-xun,WANGFan.
DepartmentofGerontology,theFirstHospitalofWuhan,Wuhan430022,China
ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome(MS)and helicobacter pylori infection in elderly patients.MethodsA total of 427 elderly patients receiving healthy examination were selected. The levels of body mass index(BMI)and blood pressure were determined or calculated. The levels of fasting blood-glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and uric acid(UA) were measured. The test of C13 breath was used to detect helicobacter pylori infection. The correlations of HP infection with other metabolic risk factors were analyzed.ResultsCompared with the elderly without MS, the levels of BMI, systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), FBG, TG, TC, LDL-C and UA were higher (t=12.416, 5.839, 6.409, 6.752, 7.682, 2.331, 2.489, 4.457,allP<0.05), while serum HDL-C level was lower in the elderly with MS(t=4.505,P<0.05). The ratio of HP(+) in the elderly with MS was higher than that in those without MS(χ2=4.943,P=0.028); Compared with those with HP(-), the levels of TC, FBG and UA were higher(t=3.360, 4.883, 4.188, allP<0.05), while HDL-C was lower (t=4.505,P<0.05) in the elderly with HP(+).ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates a relationship between HP infection and metabolic syndrome in the elderly. HP infection might promote metabolic risk factors.
metabolic syndrome; helicobacter pylori infection; aged
430022 湖北省武漢市,華中科技大學(xué)附屬武漢市中西醫(yī)結(jié)合醫(yī)院(武漢市第一醫(yī)院)老年病科
陳輝, Email: 1452765030@qq.com
R 735.3
A
10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2017.12.019
2016-11-14)