打造城市軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)精品工程

孫 章

（同濟(jì)大學(xué)教授、《城市軌道交通研究》主編）

打造城市軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)精品工程

孫 章

（同濟(jì)大學(xué)教授、《城市軌道交通研究》主編）

在戰(zhàn)爭中失去指揮是最嚴(yán)重的事情，而指揮離不開通信。同樣，通信系統(tǒng)是城市軌道交通大系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分，是軌道交通實(shí)現(xiàn)信息化、智能化的基礎(chǔ)，是保證行車安全、提高運(yùn)輸效率和管理水平的重要基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。人們常常把軌道交通的通信系統(tǒng)比喻為人體的“神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)”，可見其地位之重要。

隨著信息技術(shù)的突飛猛進(jìn)，通信領(lǐng)域的技術(shù)裝備日新月異；但無論是有線通信還是無線通信，無論是衛(wèi)星通信還是量子通信，都必須依靠先進(jìn)、可靠、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的的技術(shù)裝備和設(shè)施來提供保證。因此，《城市軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)工程安裝技術(shù)指南》以及《城市軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)工程安裝圖冊》兩本著作的出版，令人鼓舞。

近5年來，我國共建成城市軌道交通線路4 150 km，運(yùn)營線路的總長度領(lǐng)跑世界，累計(jì)完成客運(yùn)量600億人次。5年的快速發(fā)展不僅讓城市軌道交通成為百姓日常出行的首選，更有力地拉動(dòng)了城市經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。到2020年，全國建設(shè)城市軌道交通的城市將達(dá)到50個(gè)，總長度將達(dá)到9 600 km，基本形成布局合理、功能完善、干支銜接、技術(shù)裝備優(yōu)良的城際、城市軌道交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)。展望未來，軌道交通建設(shè)者及管理者任重而道遠(yuǎn)。

城市軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)建設(shè)是“中國制造2025”十個(gè)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域中“新一代信息技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)”、“先進(jìn)軌道交通裝備”項(xiàng)目的具體實(shí)踐。提升城市軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)工程的施工質(zhì)量，是實(shí)施“中國制造2025”國家戰(zhàn)略的客觀要求。

城市軌道通信系統(tǒng)的子系統(tǒng)多，設(shè)備構(gòu)成多樣、技術(shù)更新快、集成度高，編制其全面的工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圖冊難度大、工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)難以統(tǒng)一。在這樣的背景下，體現(xiàn)當(dāng)前城市軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)管理要求及工藝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的《城市軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)工程安裝技術(shù)指南》及《城市軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)工程安裝圖冊》的編寫，就顯得十分必要。兩書本著通信系統(tǒng)施工質(zhì)量控制、規(guī)范施工技術(shù)要求、統(tǒng)一施工及驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、突出施工工藝的原則，同時(shí)遵循我國現(xiàn)行的國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及有關(guān)規(guī)定編寫而成，適用于城市軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)的工程施工，對科研院所、設(shè)計(jì)院、高校師生也具有參考價(jià)值。

《城市軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)工程安裝技術(shù)指南》對我國城市軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)的工程施工能起到統(tǒng)一規(guī)范和推廣標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的作用；《城市軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)工程安裝圖冊》更是圖文并茂，對通信系統(tǒng)的每一道作業(yè)工序、施工工藝都進(jìn)行了詳實(shí)有序、內(nèi)容飽滿的講解，讓通信施工不再神秘，且更加專業(yè)化、系統(tǒng)化、大眾化。因此，兩書的出版，必將對城市軌道交通通信施工工程的規(guī)范化發(fā)揮重要作用。

正當(dāng)筆者撰寫本文之際，2017年10月13日從阿聯(lián)酋阿布扎比傳來了一個(gè)好消息：上海獲得2021年第46屆世界技能大賽舉辦權(quán)，國家主席習(xí)近平在申辦陳述階段通過視頻發(fā)表致辭。當(dāng)前，無論發(fā)達(dá)國家還是發(fā)展中國家，技能型人才的占比都偏低。這種狀況亟待改變。這兩本書的寫作、編輯、出版，還將有利于人才培養(yǎng)觀念的轉(zhuǎn)變，有利于弘揚(yáng)工匠精神，有利于廣大職工關(guān)注、熱愛、投身技能事業(yè)，有利于高素質(zhì)技能人才的培養(yǎng)。

（注：本文是孫章教授為《城市軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)工程安裝技術(shù)指南》與《城市軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)工程安裝圖冊》撰寫的序言。兩書由北京市軌道交通建設(shè)管理有限公司、中國鐵路通信信號上海工程局集團(tuán)有限公司主編，即將由中國鐵道出版社出版發(fā)行。）

Losing commanding at war is the most serious thing，and commanding is inseparable from communications.In the same way，the communication system is an important component part of the urban rail transit system.It is the basis of rail transit′s realizing informationization and intellectualization，and is also an important infrastructure to ensure traffic safety，and improve transportation efficiency and management level.The communication system of rail transit is often likened by people to the“nervous system”of the human body，so the importance of its status could be seen.

With the information technology′s advancing by leaps and bounds，the technical equipment in the communication field is making progress with each passing day，but whether it is wired communication or wireless communication，and whether it is satellite communication or quantum communication，they all must rely on advanced，reliable and standardized equipment and facilities to provide assurance.Therefore,the publication of the two works of“The Installation Technique Guide of Urban Rail Transit Communication System Engineering”and“The Installation Illustrated Book of Urban Rail Transit Communication System Engineering”（herein after referred to as “The Installation Technique Guide”and “The Installation Illustrated Book”）is encouraging.

In the recent five years,China has built up 4 150 km urban rail transit lines,the total mileage of metro operation lines has led the world，and urban rail transit has completed 60 billion person-times passenger transport volumes.The rapid development of five years not only has made the urban rail transit become the first choice for people's daily travel，but also has powerfully pulled the urban economic development.By 2020，the cities that have constructed urban rail transit lines will have reached 50，the total construction mileage will have reached 9 600 km，basically forming intercity and urban rail transit networks of reasonable layout，perfect function,trunk lines′linking with branch lines,and excellent technical equipment.Still，for rail transit builders and managers，the task will be heavy and the road will be long.

The constructions of the urban rail transit communication system are the concrete practice of“new generation information technology industry”and“advanced rail transportation equipment”items in 10 key areas of“China Manufacturing 2025”，and the improvement of construction quality of urban rail transit communication system engineering is the objective requirement of implementing the national strategy of“China Manufacturing 2025”.

The urban rail communication system has many subsystems，its equipment composition is diverse,its technologies update fast and the integration degrees are high，so compiling an overall technology standard illustrated book is very difficult，and its technology standards are not easy to be unified.Under such a background，it is very necessary to compile the two works of“The Installation Technique Guide”and “The Installation Illustrated Book”that embody the current management requirements and technology standards of the urban rail transit communication system.“The Installation Technique Guide”and“The Installation Illustrated Book”are compiled in accordance with the principles of communication system construction quality control,standardizing construction technical requirements，unifying construction and acceptance standards and highlighting construction technologies，and at the same time,following our country′s current national standards，industry standards and related provisions.They are applicable to the urban rail transit communication system constructions，and also have reference value to scientific research institutes，design institutes and college teachers and students.

“The Installation Technique Guide”can play the role of unifying norms and promoting standards to China′s urban rail transit communication system engineering constructions.“The Installation Illustrated Book”is still that both the pictures and their accompanying essays are excellent，making the detailed，orderly and full-content explanations to each working procedure and each construction technology process of the communication system，so that communication constructions are no longer mysterious and are more professional，systematic and popular.Therefore，the publication of this book will certainly play an important role in the standardization of urban rail transit communication construction projects.

Just as the author was writing this article，on October 13，2017，a piece of good news came from Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates.Shanghai won the rights to host“The 2021 46th WorldSkills Competition”.President Xi Jinping delivered a speech via video at the bid presentation stage.Currently，in both developed and developing countries,the proportions of skilled talents are all too low.This situation urgently needs to be changed.Writing，editing and publishing of these two books will also be beneficial to the transformation of the talent cultivation concept，carrying forward the spirit of craftsman，the workers′attention to，love for and devotion to the skills cause and the cultivation of highly qualified skilled talents.

（Note：The editors of the two books of“The Installation Technique Guide of Urban Rail Transit Communication System Engineering”and“The Installation Illustrated Book of Urban Rail Transit Communication System Engineering”are China Railway Signal&Communication Shanghai Engineering Bureau Group Co.，Ltd. （CRSCS）.The two books will be published by China Railway Publishing House.）

Building the Excellent Projects of the Urban Rail Transit Communication System

SUN Zhang
（Professor of Tongji University，Editor-in-Chief of“Urban Mass Transit Research”）

（Translated by SUN Zheng）