手機(jī)的背叛

文/ 帕特·莫里森 譯/馮艷艷 審訂/仲文明

手機(jī)的背叛

文/ 帕特·莫里森 譯/馮艷艷 審訂/仲文明

There’s a traitor in your pocket. Or your purse.

[2] Your cellphone is ratting you out1rat sb out 出賣某人，打某人的小報(bào)告。.

[3] Stores can keep track of2keep track of sth/sb掌握線索，了解動(dòng)態(tài)。who you are and what you buy—unless you pay cash. Now they can also use your cellphone—even without your permission—to find out even what you’re just looking at or trying on3try on 試穿（衣服）。.

[4] Nordstrom， the high-end department store， began using a technology that can use the Wi-Fi signals in shoppers’ smartphones to follow them virtually throughout the store， from display to display， item to item， and check how long they spent looking at what， just as websites can do now.

[5] Nordstrom isn’t the only company trying this out. At least Nordstrom put up a sign to let customers know what it was doing， and not all of them liked it.

[6] But can stores legitimately argue that they don’t have to tell us they’re shoplifting our data， and presuming that we give permission for them to do so just by setting foot in their stores?

[7] We’re fi nding this out not long after learning that clothing retail chains Urban Out fi tters and Anthropologie got dinged for unlawfully collecting customers’ ZIP Codes4ZIP code美國(guó)郵政服務(wù)（United States Postal Service, USPS）使用的一種郵政編碼。ZIP是Zone Improvement Plan (地區(qū)改進(jìn)計(jì)劃)的簡(jiǎn)稱。—harmless enough， you think，except that added to the other data they gather， it’s like handing out your address and a “sell me stuff!” sign.

[8] That may not be far off， just as we now have to assume everything that happens in public can and may be recorded by a security camera or someone’s cellphone.

[9] Maybe merchants will be kind enough to put up a sign informing us that if we don’t want them to track us，the burden is on us to put our phones in airplane mode or to disconnect the Wi-Fi before we start pushing that shopping cart. Yeah， I’ll be sure to remember that every time I pop into the market.

[10] I do have a phone-sized version of a Faraday cage5法拉第籠，是一個(gè)由金屬或者良導(dǎo)體形成的籠子，可屏蔽手機(jī)信號(hào)。， a device named for the 19th century scientist of electromagnetism. It’s a silvery pouch that I can slip my phone into to block the kind of monitoring that Nordstrom did. A phone condom. But every extra obstacle to convenience makes it less likely that people will go to such trouble.

[11] Not a lot of folks are going to mind being monitored by marketers.Not a lot of people are going to bother to protest. Maybe you don’t mind that companies are compiling a dossier on you， a pro fi le of you and your shopping habits. “I’m not doing anything wrong”is the mantra that a lot of Americans offer up to shrug off this kind of tracking， governmental or mercantile.

[12] And who decides what’s wrong?It’s not you; it’s the agency holding the information.

[13] Will some legislature， some court declare that just owning a cellphone constitutes implicit permission for the government to track your call patterns?Or for companies to monitor your mercantile browsing? It could happen.

[14] Is this some deal your cellphone carrier has made or is already making with retailers? Is someone making a lot of money off you， but it isn’t you? It may already be happening.

[15] The 2002 movie Minority Report6《少數(shù)派報(bào)告》，美國(guó)電影，改編自已故著名科幻作家菲利普·K.迪克（Philip K.Dick）的同名小說，主要描述一個(gè)能夠預(yù)測(cè)犯罪并在罪犯犯罪以前逮捕他們的未來世界。(based on a prescient story by the gifted Philip K. Dick) is becoming the 19847《1984》，英國(guó)左翼作家喬治·奧威爾（George Orwell）于20世紀(jì)40年代末所著的反烏托邦小說，刻畫了一個(gè)公民受到無所不在的監(jiān)控、令人感到窒息和恐怖的極權(quán)主義社會(huì)。of high-tech living， right down to its creepily customized advertising.Some people may love it， an electronically generated voice personally welcoming them back asking them how they liked the potato salad they bought last time， especially compared to the dill-flavored version they bought before that， and how about a coupon for your next potato salad purchase?

[16] If you don’t care， just keep doing what you’re doing.

[17] If you do， now’s the time to speak up. Just don’t do it via your cellphone.■

你身邊有一個(gè)“泄密”的家伙，它就在你的口袋里，或者錢包里。

[2]泄露你個(gè)人信息的正是你的手機(jī)。

[3]商店可以追蹤到你的身份及購(gòu)買記錄，除非你選擇現(xiàn)金支付。如今，即使未經(jīng)本人允許，商家也可以利用你的手機(jī)了解到你正在瀏覽或有意購(gòu)買的商品。

[4]諾德斯特龍是美國(guó)一家高檔連鎖百貨商店，該店早就開始使用一種可以追蹤顧客的技術(shù)。該技術(shù)可以通過顧客智能手機(jī)的無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)信號(hào)實(shí)時(shí)追蹤顧客在店內(nèi)的足跡，知道他們?nèi)チ四男┴浖?，瀏覽了哪些商品，甚至可以知道他們?cè)谀臣唐非榜v足了多久，就像購(gòu)物網(wǎng)站一樣。

[5]使用這種技術(shù)的并非只有諾德斯特龍一家。不過諾德斯特龍至少豎了塊牌子讓顧客知情，畢竟有些顧客未必喜歡如此。

[6]但是，商店在不告知顧客的情況下順手牽走他們的信息，并以為他們進(jìn)入商店即默認(rèn)此事，這說起來恐怕不怎么理直氣壯吧？

[7]知名服裝零售連鎖店Urban Outfitters和Anthropologie剛被曝出非法獲取顧客郵政編碼的消息，我們就發(fā)現(xiàn)了上述情況。也許你覺得這并無大礙，不過與他們獲取的其他信息整合在一起，就等于將我們的住址公之于眾，并在門上掛出 “向我推銷！”的招牌。

[8]這離我們并不遙遠(yuǎn)，就像我們現(xiàn)在不得不懷疑公共場(chǎng)合發(fā)生的一切都可能會(huì)被監(jiān)控?cái)z像機(jī)或某個(gè)人的手機(jī)記錄下來。

[9]商家或許會(huì)大發(fā)善心，掛出牌子告知顧客。我們?nèi)绻幌氡蛔粉?，就得在取?gòu)物車前把手機(jī)設(shè)為飛行模式或斷開無線連接。沒錯(cuò)，不管多急，去商場(chǎng)的時(shí)候我都記著這件事。

[10]我確實(shí)有一個(gè)手機(jī)大小的法拉第籠用作屏蔽罩，該裝置以19世紀(jì)電磁學(xué)科學(xué)家邁克爾·法拉第的名字命名。這是一個(gè)銀色的小袋子，手機(jī)放進(jìn)去后就可以隔絕諾德斯特龍這類商店的追蹤。真可謂是一個(gè)手機(jī)安全套。但這也帶來諸多不方便，因此很少有人找這個(gè)麻煩。

[11]并非所有人都介意被商場(chǎng)追蹤，也并沒有很多人愿意花時(shí)間表示抗議。可能你并不介意商家正在為你建檔，記錄你的個(gè)人信息和購(gòu)物習(xí)慣。很多美國(guó)人抱著 “反正我沒做錯(cuò)什么” 的信條，對(duì)政府或商業(yè)追蹤行為都是無所謂的態(tài)度。

[12]那么，對(duì)錯(cuò)由誰(shuí)決定？不是你，而是掌控信息的機(jī)構(gòu)。

[13]會(huì)有立法機(jī)關(guān)和法庭出臺(tái)法律規(guī)定：只要擁有手機(jī)就表示默許政府追蹤機(jī)主的通話信息嗎？或者默許公司監(jiān)控你的商品瀏覽記錄？有可能。

[14]你的手機(jī)運(yùn)營(yíng)商是不是就此已經(jīng)或者正在與銷售商達(dá)成協(xié)議？是不是有人從你身上賺了不少錢，但是這個(gè)賺錢的人卻不是你自己？或許這種情況已經(jīng)發(fā)生了。

[15] 2002年上映的電影，《少數(shù)派報(bào)告》（改編自天才菲利普·K.迪克的同名科幻小說）成為高科技版的《1984》，里面的個(gè)人定制廣告令人不寒而栗。有人可能喜歡這種生活方式：回家的時(shí)候有針對(duì)私人特制的電子合成語(yǔ)音問候，詢問他們是否喜歡上次購(gòu)買的土豆沙拉，味道是否好過早些時(shí)候購(gòu)買的蒔蘿口味，需不需要優(yōu)惠券以備下次購(gòu)買。

[16]如果你不介意的話，一切照常就可以了。

[17]如果你介意，是時(shí)候表達(dá)你的觀點(diǎn)了。只是不要用手機(jī)表達(dá)。 □

How Your Cellphone Betrays You

By Patt Morrison