淺析定語從句

李振華

摘 要：在英語語法的學(xué)習(xí)中，定語從句是高中的重點(diǎn)知識(shí)，也是出一些定語從句的有益的用法。

關(guān)鍵詞：關(guān)系詞；熱點(diǎn)；解析

1.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play，_______，of course，made the others unhappy.（2000年高考題）

A. who. B. which. C. this. D. what.

2.There are altogather eleven books on the shelf， _________five are mine. （2007年高考題）

A.on which B.in which. C.of which D.from which.

3.My friend showed me round the town，________was very kind of him. （2009年高考題）

A. which. B. that. D. where. D. it.

4.________I explained on the phone， your request will be considered at the next meeting. （2005年浙江高考題）

A. When. B. After. C. As. D. Since.

5.Last month， part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods， from_________effects the people are still suffering. （2005年天津高考題）

A. that. B. whose. C. those. D. what.

6.We will be shown around the city： schools， museums， and other places，_______other visitors seldom go.（2002北京年高考題）

A. what. B. which. C. where. D. when.

7.I work in a business________almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. （2004湖南年高考題）

A.how. B.which. C.where. D.that.

8.She was educated at BeiKing U niversity，________she went on to have her advanced study abroad. （2006陜西年高考題）

A.after which.B. from which. C. from that. D. after that.

9.The way they did it was diffirent ________we were used to. （2006年天津高考題）

A.in which. B.in what. C. from what. D. from which.

10.________is often the case ， we have worked out the production plan. （2004年江蘇高考題）

A. Which. B. When. C.What. D. As .

11.What surprised me was not what he said but_________he said it. （2004年湖北高考題）

A. the way. B. in the way that. C. in the way. D. the way which.

12.There was ______time________I hated to go to school. （2004年湖北高考題）

A. a； that B. a； when. C. the； that. D. the； when.

參考答案：1-5 BCACB 6-10 CCADD AB

熱點(diǎn)解析

一、定語從句最愛考查的介詞+關(guān)系代詞。如： 2C，5B， 8A，

第2題中，書架上總共有11本書，其中5本是我的，of which表示of eleven books.

第5題中，上個(gè)月，東南亞遭受洪撈，至今還深受其影響。From whose effects表示

The people are still suffering from the floods，effects.

第8題中，她畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué)，之后她繼續(xù)去國(guó)外深造。After which 表示after Bei Jing Unversity.總之由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限定分句，這種用法的關(guān)系代詞主要是which，whom，whose.介詞的選擇受上下文的約束，或于先行詞的搭配有關(guān)，或于后面的動(dòng)詞有關(guān)。

二、As引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句同樣很重要，4C，10D.在第4題中，as是關(guān)系代詞，代替前面整個(gè)句子，在定語從句中做賓語，還可作賓語和表語，在第十題中，as代替后面整個(gè)句子，在定語從句中做主語，這時(shí)它的位置比較靈活，可放在句首，句中，句末。

如：As you know，water is liquid.而which 在作此意義時(shí)不能放在句首，

As 和which 的區(qū)別還在于，as只可代替整個(gè)句子，可翻譯為“正如……一樣”，而which 既可代替整個(gè)句子，如：第一題和第三題；又可代替一個(gè)詞。如：I like BeiJing， which is ancient and beautiful.

當(dāng)主句和從句存在邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時(shí)，用which，如

Tom is later for class again and again ，which made his teacher very angry.

當(dāng)先行詞受such，the same修飾時(shí)，用as

This is the same dictionary as I lost last week.

三、Way作為先行詞，并且做狀語時(shí)，后面的關(guān)系詞可以是in which或that或省略，第十一題是省略了in which.如：

The way （that/in which）he answered the questions was surprising.

四、在關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇上，取決于在定語從句中作主語，賓語還是狀語。如：第六題選where，它在句子中作地點(diǎn)狀語；第十二題中，when在句子中作時(shí)間狀語。