現(xiàn)代奧運(yùn)之父

袁芳

皮埃爾·德·顧拜旦（Le baron Pierre De Coubertin，1863～1937），是法國(guó)著名教育家、國(guó)際體育活動(dòng)家、教育學(xué)家和歷史學(xué)家、現(xiàn)代奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)起人。1896年至1925年，他曾任國(guó)際奧林匹克委員會(huì)主席，并設(shè)計(jì)了奧運(yùn)會(huì)會(huì)徽和奧運(yùn)會(huì)會(huì)旗 。由于他對(duì)奧林匹克不朽的功績(jī)，被譽(yù)為現(xiàn)代“奧林匹克之父”。

Pierre de Coubertin was born on January 1， 1863 in Paris. He was born in a rich family. His father was a famous painter. Very early in life he showed his interest in literature， history and the problems of education and sociology. He liked sports very much， such as boxing， fencing， horse-riding， and he was good at hockey and football.

1863年1月1日顧拜旦出生于巴黎的一個(gè)富有的貴族家庭。他父親是一位知名畫家。他早期對(duì)文學(xué)、歷史、教育和社會(huì)學(xué)的問題很感興趣。他熱愛體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，比如拳擊、擊劍和騎馬，尤其擅長(zhǎng)曲棍球和足球。

During 1875 to 1881， archaeologists continuously discovered the cultural heritage sites of ancient Greek Olympic Games， which aroused Pierres great interest and concern.

從1875年到1881年，考古學(xué)家在希臘連續(xù)發(fā)掘出古代奧運(yùn)會(huì)的文物遺址，這引起了皮埃爾的興趣和關(guān)注。

In 1890， he had an opportunity to visit the Olympus hill—the birthplace of ancient Olympics. He believed the spirit of the ancient Olympic sports can promote international sports development.

在1890年，他終于有機(jī)會(huì)訪問希臘的奧林匹亞山——古代奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)源地。他認(rèn)為宏揚(yáng)古代奧林匹克精神可以促進(jìn)國(guó)際體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)展。

On Dec. 25， 1892， Pierre de Coubertin delivered a lecture， in which he put forward “Revive the Olympic Games”.

1892年12月25日，皮埃爾·德·顧拜旦發(fā)表演講，在演講中首次提出“復(fù)興奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)”。

In 1894， the International PE Conference was held in Paris. Its decided the first modern Olympics would be held in Greece and the Olympics would be held every four years.

1894年在巴黎舉辦了國(guó)際體育會(huì)議。會(huì)議決定在希臘舉辦第一屆現(xiàn)代奧運(yùn)會(huì)，并規(guī)定每4年舉行一次。

On June 23， 1894， the International Olympic Committee was established， the Greek writer Vike Las served as IOC president， and Pierre de Coubertin served as IOC Secretary-General. Furthermore， from 1896 until 1925 he personally presided over the International Olympic Committee.

1894年6月23日，國(guó)際奧林匹克委員會(huì)正式成立，當(dāng)時(shí)希臘文學(xué)家維凱拉斯擔(dān)任國(guó)際奧委會(huì)主席，而顧拜旦擔(dān)任國(guó)際奧委會(huì)秘書長(zhǎng)。1896-1925年他自己擔(dān)任國(guó)際奧委會(huì)主席。

Having spent his entire fortune on his ideals， he died on September 2， 1937 in a park in Geneva， sitting on a bench. He was 74 years old then.

顧拜旦為了他的理想事業(yè)花盡了自己的錢財(cái)，于1937年9月2日在日內(nèi)瓦公園散步，坐在一張長(zhǎng)椅上猝然長(zhǎng)逝，享年74歲。

He is considered one of the greatest men in the 20th century. In accordance with his last wishes， his heart was interred at Olympia， Greece， in the marble monument commemorating the revival of the Olympic Games.

他被認(rèn)為是二十世紀(jì)最偉大的人物之一。按照他的遺囑，心臟埋在奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)源地希臘的奧林匹亞，以紀(jì)念?yuàn)W運(yùn)會(huì)的復(fù)興。