張哲
高中英語語法課教學(xué)一直是高中英語教師探討的話題,傳統(tǒng)的語法課教學(xué)主要以教師講授為主,學(xué)生被動接受,氣氛沉悶,課堂效率低。新型的語法課教學(xué),體現(xiàn)學(xué)生的主體地位,任務(wù)型活動貫穿課堂始終,師生互動,生生互動,寓教于樂,課堂高效。
教學(xué)背景分析
教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析:本語法項目出現(xiàn)在外研版選修六第六模塊《War and Peace》,課文《D-Day Landing》中運用了一些IF引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣條件句,用來表述作者對當(dāng)時情形的非真實的假設(shè)。借助于此語篇進行虛擬語氣的教學(xué),生動形象,便于理解。
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
知識與技能目標(biāo):學(xué)生能夠識別出IF引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣條件句;學(xué)生能夠用虛擬語氣表述自己的觀點。
情感態(tài)度價值觀:通過學(xué)習(xí)本模塊的“戰(zhàn)爭與和平”這一話題內(nèi)容,學(xué)生學(xué)會生活中用和平友好的方式解決問題。通過精心設(shè)計的課堂活動,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)能力、合作學(xué)習(xí)意識。
教學(xué)過程設(shè)計
Pre-task Lead-in 任務(wù)前導(dǎo)入 5分鐘
教師問學(xué)生“if you were fives years younger now,what would you do?”,學(xué)生感到有趣,眾說紛紜,各抒己見。用到的句式都是“if I were…I would…”,通過這一話題,讓學(xué)生初步體會虛擬語氣的使用情景—即用在與事實相反的假設(shè)中。
While-task 任務(wù)中 27分鐘
1首先處理表述過去、現(xiàn)在和將來的If虛擬語氣條件句,分三個環(huán)節(jié):語法呈現(xiàn)、觀察總結(jié)、練習(xí)鞏固。
Presentation語法呈現(xiàn)(1分鐘)
學(xué)生閱讀屏幕上的文章,劃出含有虛擬語氣的句子。句子如下:
If we had reached the beach,we would have been killed.
If we had the chance now,we wouldn't choose war.
If I should be the secretary of the U.N.,I would never allow the war to break out.
Observation and conclusion 觀察總結(jié) (3分鐘)
學(xué)生觀察這些句子,互相討論,總結(jié)出IF引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣條件句三種情況的結(jié)構(gòu)。
通過改寫句子、游戲句子接龍和話題討論這三種方式,對IF引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣條件句的三種情況進行鞏固和使用。活動如下:
Task 1 Rewrite the sentences,using the subjunctive mood.此活動練習(xí)與過去相反的假設(shè)。
We didnt have enough peacekeepers.We didn't stop the war.
We didn't talk in a peaceful way.We quarreled with each other.
Task 2 Play a game.此活動練習(xí)與現(xiàn)在相反的假設(shè)。例子如下:
S1: If I were you,
I would follow his advice.
S2:...followed his advice,
...would solve the problem quickly.
S3:...solved the problem quickly...
Task 3 Talk about the topics 此活動練習(xí)與將來相反的假設(shè)。
What would you do if you…
live in the year 2112… board the Shenzhou 10 …
have 1 billion dollars… be president of…
2.處理IF條件句的混合虛擬語氣。三個環(huán)節(jié):語法呈現(xiàn)、觀察總結(jié)、練習(xí)鞏固。(12分鐘)
Presentation observation and conclusion呈現(xiàn)、觀察、總結(jié)(3分鐘)
學(xué)生觀察黑板上教師即興寫下的句子 If I were you,I wouldnt have done so well及句子You didn't let me drive yesterday.If we had driven in turn,you wouldn't be so tired now。If you had told me the news yesterday,I would get there tomorrow.
學(xué)生互相討論,總結(jié)混合虛擬語氣的句式結(jié)構(gòu)。學(xué)生體會出可以根據(jù)不同的情景,隨意搭配使用。
Practice 通過練習(xí),鞏固混合虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu) (9分鐘)
Task 4 Match the sentences 句子匹配。
1.If I got everything ready today,
2.If I were the leader,
3.If I had seen the film before,
4.If we hadnt sacrificed so many lives,
(a)we wouldnt have our freedom today.
(b)I would have fun tomorrow.
(c)I wouldnt have started the war.
(d)I would describe the terrible scene to you
Task 5 Fill in the blanks,using the correct form of words 用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,綜合全面的考察學(xué)生對虛擬語氣的掌握情況,要恰當(dāng)?shù)氖褂锰摂M語氣。
教學(xué)反思
這堂課中,我設(shè)計了形式多樣的活動,如改寫句子、游戲句子接龍、話題討論、句子匹配、篇章填空和圖片討論,通過這些手段來鞏固學(xué)生對IF條件句中虛擬語氣的掌握,效果很好。在整個課堂教學(xué)中,我確立了學(xué)生的主體地位,營造了民主和諧的課堂教學(xué)氣氛,建立了一種互動友好、教學(xué)相長的新型師生關(guān)系。教學(xué)過程中我對學(xué)生所取得的進步及時進行表揚與鼓勵,以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生熱情,調(diào)動學(xué)生積極性,將形成性評價貫穿于整個課堂。