• 
    

    
    

      99热精品在线国产_美女午夜性视频免费_国产精品国产高清国产av_av欧美777_自拍偷自拍亚洲精品老妇_亚洲熟女精品中文字幕_www日本黄色视频网_国产精品野战在线观看 ?

      鼻-鼻竇病變合并人類免疫缺陷病毒感染治療分析

      2015-06-24 14:41:19鮑詩(shī)平劉勇剛張偉焦楠江玲燕張淼
      中國(guó)全科醫(yī)學(xué) 2015年36期
      關(guān)鍵詞:喉頭鼻竇鼻炎

      鮑詩(shī)平,劉勇剛,張偉,焦楠,江玲燕,張淼

      ·臨床診療提示·

      鼻-鼻竇病變合并人類免疫缺陷病毒感染治療分析

      鮑詩(shī)平,劉勇剛,張偉,焦楠,江玲燕,張淼

      目的初步探討鼻-鼻竇病變合并人類免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染的臨床特點(diǎn),分析鼻-鼻竇病變合并HIV感染患者的治療方法。方法選取2010年4月—2014年10月首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬北京佑安醫(yī)院耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科收治的符合納入與排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的鼻-鼻竇病變合并HIV感染患者20例為研究對(duì)象。收集患者的一般資料〔包括患者性別、年齡、病程、治療前CD4+T淋巴細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)、疾病種類(慢性鼻炎7例、慢性鼻-鼻竇炎5例、鼻腔鱗癌2例、鼻出血2例、過(guò)敏性鼻炎2例、咽囊炎1例、鼻腔血管瘤1例)及臨床治療方案〕和治療前、治療后2周、治療后1個(gè)月視覺(jué)模擬量表(VAS)評(píng)分。結(jié)果慢性鼻炎、過(guò)敏性鼻炎患者病程1周~3年,治療前CD4+T淋巴細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)7~675個(gè)/μl,治療前VAS評(píng)分(25.6±5.2)分。主訴鼻塞、嗅覺(jué)減退、頭痛等慢性鼻炎癥狀的患者予以等滲鼻沖洗和/或鼻噴糖皮質(zhì)激素治療;主訴鼻塞、鼻涕伴鼻癢等過(guò)敏性鼻炎癥狀的患者予以高滲鼻沖洗+鼻噴糖皮質(zhì)激素,加口服抗過(guò)敏藥物治療。治療后2周VAS評(píng)分(11.2±3.2)分,治療后1個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分(7.2±3.6)分。慢性鼻-鼻竇炎患者病程1~3個(gè)月,治療前CD4+T淋巴細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)186~537個(gè)/μl,治療前VAS評(píng)分(35.2±4.4)分。其中2例行保守治療,包括鼻噴糖皮質(zhì)激素、鼻沖洗和口服黏液促排劑、抗生素治療;3例采取標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的功能性內(nèi)鏡鼻竇手術(shù),術(shù)后輔助藥物綜合性治療。治療后2周VAS評(píng)分(24.0±2.8)分,治療后1個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分(16.8±8.8)分。鼻腔鱗癌患者病程分別為1個(gè)月、7個(gè)月,治療前CD4+T淋巴細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)分別為252個(gè)/μl、797個(gè)/μl,治療前VAS評(píng)分均為40.0分。均予以活檢確診后,1例采取內(nèi)鏡下鼻腔鱗癌根治術(shù),另1例伴發(fā)頸部淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移、骨轉(zhuǎn)移行化療。治療后2周VAS評(píng)分均為32.0分,治療后1個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分分別為12.0分、32.0分。鼻出血患者病程均為1 d,治療前CD4+T淋巴細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)分別為7個(gè)/μl、196個(gè)/μl,治療前VAS評(píng)分分別為40.0分、12.0分。根據(jù)鼻腔出血程度、范圍及出血量采取膨脹海綿、膠原蛋白海綿、碘仿紗條等不同填塞物進(jìn)行前鼻孔填塞,均在2~3 d拔除填塞物;其中1例為中鼻道后端出血,行前后鼻孔填塞。治療后2周VAS評(píng)分分別為16.0分、0分,治療后1個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分分別為8.0分、0分。咽囊炎患者病程1個(gè)月,治療前VAS評(píng)分0分。予以內(nèi)鏡下鼻咽腫物切除術(shù),術(shù)后恢復(fù)順利。治療后2周VAS評(píng)分0分,治療后1個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分0分。鼻腔血管瘤患者病程2個(gè)月,治療前CD4+T淋巴細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)321個(gè)/μl,治療前VAS評(píng)分40.0分。行內(nèi)鏡下血管瘤切除術(shù),術(shù)后恢復(fù)順利。治療后2周VAS評(píng)分16.0分,治療后1個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分0分。結(jié)論鼻-鼻竇病變合并HIV感染的臨床表現(xiàn)存在特異性,積極治療有效,但應(yīng)根據(jù)適應(yīng)證慎重選擇手術(shù)患者。

      鼻疾病;鼻竇疾病;HIV;治療

      鮑詩(shī)平,劉勇剛,張偉,等.鼻-鼻竇病變合并人類免疫缺陷病毒感染治療分析[J].中國(guó)全科醫(yī)學(xué),2015,18 (36):4483-4486.[www.chinagp.net]

      Bao SP,Liu YG,Zhang W,et al.Analysis of treatment of rhino-sinus lesion combined with HIV infection[J].Chinese General Practice,2015,18(36):4483-4486.

      鼻-鼻竇病變合并人類免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染患者在耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科臨床較為常見(jiàn),且少數(shù)患者以耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科疾病為首發(fā)疾病就診。該類患者臨床表現(xiàn)是否存在特異性,如何制定治療方案,有哪些影響其治療效果的臨床因素,均是目前尚待討論的問(wèn)題。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),截至2010年10月我國(guó)HIV感染患者約370 393例[1]。HIV感染患者的CD4+T淋巴細(xì)胞受到破壞,免

      疫監(jiān)視和清除功能降低,自身免疫系統(tǒng)異于未感染患者[2]。鼻黏膜具有免疫功能,黏膜上皮及固有層中的T、B淋巴細(xì)胞在炎性反應(yīng)中發(fā)生明顯變化。而鼻-鼻竇病變是耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科發(fā)病率最高的疾病之一[3]。本研究初步探討鼻-鼻竇病變合并HIV感染的臨床特點(diǎn),分析鼻-鼻竇病變合并HIV感染患者的治療方法。

      1對(duì)象與方法

      1.1納入與排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)有鼻-鼻竇病變主訴和/或表現(xiàn);(2)依據(jù)疾病預(yù)防控制中心出具的確診報(bào)告[4],確診HIV感染;(3)預(yù)計(jì)存活時(shí)間≥3個(gè)月;(4)能夠接受并依從研究安排進(jìn)程、進(jìn)行復(fù)查和隨訪并知情同意;(5)無(wú)重大肝、腦、腎、肺等合并癥。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)拒絕或因?qū)嶋H困難無(wú)法定期隨訪;(2)原發(fā)病惡化,出現(xiàn)多系統(tǒng)重大合并癥;(3)因原發(fā)病出現(xiàn)治療禁忌,接受其他治療對(duì)患者病情有益的情況下,患者依從性差。

      1.2研究對(duì)象及分組選取2010年4月—2014年10月首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬北京佑安醫(yī)院耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科收治的符合納入與排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的鼻-鼻竇病變合并HIV感染患者20例為研究對(duì)象。其中男18例,女2例;年齡10~77歲,平均年齡(38.8 ±16.1)歲;病程1 d~3年;治療前CD4+T淋巴細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)7~797個(gè)/μl;慢性鼻炎7例,慢性鼻-鼻竇炎5例,鼻腔鱗癌2例,鼻出血2例,過(guò)敏性鼻炎2例,咽囊炎1例,鼻腔血管瘤1例。本研究符合首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬北京佑安醫(yī)院倫理委員會(huì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

      1.3研究方法

      1.3.1一般資料收集包括患者性別、年齡、病程、治療前CD4

      +T淋巴細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)、疾病種類及臨床治療方案。為保證病例資料研究的一致性和可重復(fù)性,選擇同一研究者進(jìn)行病例資料登記和分析。

      1.3.2視覺(jué)模擬量表(VAS,visual analogue scale)[5-6]評(píng)分

      記錄患者治療前、治療后2周、治療后1個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分。VAS包括鼻塞、流涕、頭痛、嗅覺(jué)4個(gè)維度,每個(gè)維度0~10分,總分40分,患者根據(jù)自身主觀癥狀進(jìn)行評(píng)分,VAS評(píng)分越高,表明癥狀越嚴(yán)重。

      2結(jié)果

      2.1慢性鼻炎、過(guò)敏性鼻炎慢性鼻炎、過(guò)敏性鼻炎患者病程1周~3年,治療前CD4+T淋巴細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)7~675個(gè)/μl,治療前VAS評(píng)分(25.6±5.2)分。主訴鼻塞、嗅覺(jué)減退、頭痛等慢性鼻炎癥狀的患者予以等滲鼻沖洗和/或鼻噴糖皮質(zhì)激素治療;主訴鼻塞、鼻涕伴鼻癢等過(guò)敏性鼻炎癥狀的患者予以高滲鼻沖洗+鼻噴糖皮質(zhì)激素,加口服抗過(guò)敏藥物治療[5]。治療后2周VAS評(píng)分(11.2±3.2)分,治療后1個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分(7.2±3.6)分。

      2.2慢性鼻-鼻竇炎慢性鼻-鼻竇炎患者病程1~3個(gè)月,治療前CD4+T淋巴細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)186~537個(gè)/μl,治療前VAS評(píng)分(35.2±4.4)分。根據(jù)慢性鼻-鼻竇炎診斷和治療指南[7],采取保守治療或手術(shù)治療,其中2例行保守治療,包括鼻噴糖皮質(zhì)激素、鼻沖洗和口服黏液促排劑、抗生素治療;3例采取標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的功能性內(nèi)鏡鼻竇手術(shù),術(shù)后輔助藥物綜合性治療。治療后2周VAS評(píng)分(24.0±2.8)分,治療后1個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分(16.8±8.8)分。

      2.3鼻腔鱗癌鼻腔鱗癌患者病程分別為1個(gè)月、7個(gè)月,治療前CD4+T淋巴細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)分別為252個(gè)/μl、797個(gè)/μl,治療前VAS評(píng)分均為40.0分。均予以活檢確診后,1例采取內(nèi)鏡下鼻腔鱗癌根治術(shù),另1例伴發(fā)頸部淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移、骨轉(zhuǎn)移行化療。治療后2周VAS評(píng)分均為32.0分,治療后1個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分分別為12.0分、32.0分。

      2.4鼻出血鼻出血患者病程均為1 d,治療前CD4+T淋巴細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)分別為7個(gè)/μl、196個(gè)/μl,治療前VAS評(píng)分分別為40.0分、12.0分。根據(jù)鼻腔出血程度、范圍及出血量采取膨脹海綿、膠原蛋白海綿、碘仿紗條等不同填塞物進(jìn)行前鼻孔填塞,均在2~3 d拔除填塞物;其中1例為中鼻道后端出血,行前后鼻孔填塞。治療后2周VAS評(píng)分分別為16.0分、0分,治療后1個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分分別為8.0分、0分。

      2.5咽囊炎咽囊炎患者病程1個(gè)月,治療前VAS評(píng)分0分。予以內(nèi)鏡下鼻咽腫物切除術(shù),術(shù)后恢復(fù)順利。治療后2周VAS評(píng)分0分,治療后1個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分0分。

      2.6鼻腔血管瘤鼻腔血管瘤患者病程2個(gè)月,治療前CD+

      4T淋巴細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)321個(gè)/μl,治療前VAS評(píng)分40.0分。行內(nèi)鏡下血管瘤切除術(shù),術(shù)后恢復(fù)順利。治療后2周VAS評(píng)分16.0分,治療后1個(gè)月VAS評(píng)分0分。

      3討論

      鼻-鼻竇病變合并HIV感染患者在耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科臨床較為常見(jiàn),筆者臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),該類患者臨床表現(xiàn)存在特異性,因此開(kāi)展了針對(duì)鼻-鼻竇病變HIV感染的臨床研究。根據(jù)中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)第五次全國(guó)艾滋病學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議制定的艾滋病診療指南[1],截至2010-11-23全球目前仍存活有3 330萬(wàn)HIV感染者,中國(guó)截至2010-10-31累計(jì)報(bào)告HIV感染者和艾滋病患者370 393例,其中艾滋病患者132 440例,死亡68 315例。隨著我國(guó)艾滋病患者人數(shù)的增加,艾滋病伴發(fā)疾病的特殊診治日益突出[8]。為該特殊人群提供???、專業(yè)的針對(duì)性治療,并兼顧其原發(fā)病的診治成為綜合性傳染病特色醫(yī)院耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科的重要工作。

      本研究中,鼻-鼻竇病變合并HIV感染患者在加強(qiáng)治療和局部護(hù)理的條件下,治療后患者的VAS評(píng)分降低。慢性鼻炎和過(guò)敏性鼻炎、慢性鼻-鼻竇炎、鼻腔鱗癌、鼻出血、咽囊炎、鼻腔血管瘤的手術(shù)率分別為0、60%(3/5)、100% (2/2)、0、100%(1/1)、100%(1/1)。提示慢性鼻炎、過(guò)敏性鼻炎和鼻出血需要藥物保守治療,慢性鼻-鼻竇炎可根據(jù)指南采取手術(shù)治療,鼻腔鱗癌、咽囊炎和鼻腔血管瘤需采取手術(shù)治療。鼻-鼻竇病變合并HIV感染患者內(nèi)鏡術(shù)后鼻竇竇口水腫明顯、竇腔內(nèi)膿性分泌物持續(xù)存在,囊泡、干痂形成較多,上皮化過(guò)程緩慢,粘連形成。部分患者出現(xiàn)竇口閉塞,需鼻內(nèi)鏡特殊處理吸除囊泡、干痂、分泌物,進(jìn)行粘連分離、開(kāi)放竇口。筆者認(rèn)為,造成此類臨床結(jié)果的原因可能為:(1)合并HIV感染患者,其鼻腔黏膜黏液纖毛運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)可能因病毒感染存在異常;(2)鼻腔黏膜特異性免疫和非特異性免疫受病毒影響,鼻黏膜自潔能力降低;(3)機(jī)會(huì)性致病菌感染導(dǎo)致鼻腔鼻竇局部微循環(huán)障礙。美國(guó)匹茨堡大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心Nguyen等[8]對(duì)HIV感染患者鼻腔攜帶金黃色普通球菌和相關(guān)感染的研究、美國(guó)Lin等[9]對(duì)HIV感染患者的鼻腔黏膜細(xì)胞形態(tài)研究、瑞士Palm等[3]對(duì)HIV感染患者進(jìn)行的鼻腔黏膜一氧化氮(NO)測(cè)定的研究也證實(shí)了以上觀點(diǎn)。另有學(xué)者認(rèn)為,鼻腔金黃色葡萄球菌定植是HIV感染患者感染和抗生素耐藥的原因[10]。因此合并HIV感染患者功能性鼻內(nèi)鏡手術(shù)術(shù)后盡管已經(jīng)加強(qiáng)抗病毒等內(nèi)科治療,但鼻腔鼻竇局部病變反復(fù),用藥、隨訪時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)。本研究組經(jīng)過(guò)臨床觀察分析認(rèn)為,合并HIV感染的患者術(shù)前CD4+T淋巴細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)影響患者術(shù)后Lund-Kennedy內(nèi)鏡黏膜形態(tài)評(píng)分,提示患者接受手術(shù)時(shí)的免疫狀態(tài)、艾滋病的病程進(jìn)展、疾病分期可能對(duì)手術(shù)療效存在影響,為合并HIV感染患者進(jìn)行鼻內(nèi)鏡手術(shù)前,應(yīng)常規(guī)進(jìn)行流式細(xì)胞學(xué)檢查和HIV-DNA載量測(cè)定,同時(shí)綜合評(píng)估患者全身情況。以往有學(xué)者報(bào)道,HIV感染患者口腔疾病的發(fā)病率與CD4

      +T淋巴細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)存在相關(guān)性[11]。國(guó)內(nèi)從事艾滋病外科手術(shù)的學(xué)者認(rèn)為,CD4+T淋巴細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)<200個(gè)/μl的艾滋病患者原則上是手術(shù)的禁忌證[12]。筆者基本認(rèn)同此觀點(diǎn),但基于各??铺厥庑?,在合并HIV感染患者的鼻內(nèi)鏡手術(shù)中尚需進(jìn)一步探討。

      HIV主要侵犯人體免疫系統(tǒng),造成T淋巴細(xì)胞、巨噬細(xì)胞和網(wǎng)狀系統(tǒng)數(shù)量異常和功能障礙。導(dǎo)致人體細(xì)胞免疫功能缺陷,人體更易罹患各種機(jī)會(huì)性感染和腫瘤疾病[13]。從初始感染HIV到臨床終末期將艾滋病分為急性期、無(wú)癥狀期和艾滋病期[14]。艾滋病合并耳鼻咽喉頭頸部疾病的發(fā)病率為40%~60%[15]。英國(guó)Chong等[16]在一項(xiàng)顱腦磁共振成像的調(diào)查中發(fā)現(xiàn),HIV感染和艾滋病患者鼻-鼻竇病變的發(fā)生率高達(dá)1/7。耳鼻咽喉頭頸部疾病合并HIV感染的發(fā)病特點(diǎn)突出表現(xiàn)為發(fā)病率高、癥狀反復(fù)、易出現(xiàn)頭頸面部合并癥、治療效果欠佳、治愈率低[17]。楊歆瑤[18]報(bào)道耳鼻咽喉頭頸部疾病合并艾滋病的治愈率不到10%,并提出艾滋病患者的耳鼻喉感染應(yīng)選擇針對(duì)性抗感染治療方案和加強(qiáng)局部護(hù)理,減少手術(shù)治療,以防止患者感染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加。因首發(fā)耳鼻咽喉頭頸部疾病而就診的艾滋病患者占全部就診患者的70%~80%,鼻-鼻竇病變?cè)诙茄屎眍^頸部疾病發(fā)病率居首[19]。因此提示醫(yī)護(hù)人員對(duì)臨床久治不愈、病情反復(fù)的鼻-鼻竇病變患者應(yīng)警惕合并HIV感染的可能,以降低職業(yè)暴露和患者間感染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

      綜上所述,鼻-鼻竇病變合并HIV感染的臨床表現(xiàn)存在特異性,積極治療有效。由于合并HIV感染的患者功能性鼻內(nèi)鏡手術(shù)術(shù)后普遍存在恢復(fù)延遲甚至主觀癥狀未減輕或消失的情況,因此在為該類人群進(jìn)行手術(shù)時(shí)應(yīng)嚴(yán)格把握手術(shù)適應(yīng)證,謹(jǐn)慎選擇患者,并在術(shù)前讓患者充分知情同意。由于樣本量、疾病種類尚存在局限性,仍需適當(dāng)規(guī)模的臨床研究和基礎(chǔ)研究進(jìn)一步探討。

      [1]中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)感染病學(xué)分會(huì)艾滋病學(xué)組.艾滋病診療指南(2011版)[J].中華傳染病雜志,2011,29(10):629-640.

      [2]Zhang M,Wu H,Zhang HW,etal.Progress in studies on the role of cytokine in pathogenesis and treatment of HIV infection[J].Journal of Capital Medical University,2012,33(5):625-628.(in Chinese)張美,吳昊,張宏偉,等.HIV感染發(fā)病和治療中細(xì)胞因子的作用研究進(jìn)展[J].首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),2012,33(5):625-628.

      [3]Palm J,Lidman C,Graf P,et al.Nasal nitric oxide is reduced in patients with HIV[J].Acta Otolaryngol,2000,120(3):420-423.

      [4]Cornett JK,Kirn TJ.Laboratory diagnosis of HIV in adults:a review of current methods[J].Clin Infect Dis,2013,57(5):712-718.

      [5]Bousquet PJ,Conbescure C,Neukirch F,et al.Visual analog scales can assess severity of rhinitis graded according to ARIA guidelines[J].Allergy,2007,62(4):367-372.

      [6]Subspecialty Group of Rhinology,Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Subspecialty Group of Rhinology,Society of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Chinese Medical Association.Guidelines for diagnosis and treatmentofallergic rhinitis (2009,Wuyishan)[J].Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,2009,44(12):977-978.(in Chinese)中華耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科雜志編委會(huì)鼻科組,中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科學(xué)分會(huì)鼻科學(xué)組.變應(yīng)性鼻炎診斷和治療指南(2009年,武夷山)[J].中華耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科雜志,2009,44 (12):977-978.

      [7]中華耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科雜志編輯委員會(huì)鼻科組,中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科學(xué)分會(huì)鼻科學(xué)組.慢性鼻-鼻竇炎診斷和治療指南(2012年,昆明)[J].中華耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科雜志,2013,48 (2):92-94.

      [8]Nguyen MH,Kauffman CA,Goodman RP,et al.Nasal carriage of and infection with Staphylococcus aureus in HIV-infected patients[J].Ann Intern Med,1999,130(3):221-225.

      [9]Lin RY,Clarin E,Lee M,et al.Nasal mucosal cell alterations in HIV-infected patients[J].Am JMed Sci,1997,314(6):365-369.

      [10]Reinato LA,Pio DP,Lopes LP,et al.Nasal colonization with Staphylococcus aureus in individuals with HIV/AIDS attended in a Brazilian teaching hospital[J].Rev Lat Am Enfermagem,2013,21(6):1235-1239.

      [11]Bodhade AS,Ganvir SM,Hazarey VK.Oral manifestations of HIV infection and their correlation with CD4 count[J].J Oral Sci,2011,53(2):203-211.

      [12]Liu BC,Li L,Liu L,et al.Perioperative treatment in patients with HIV infection[J].Chinese Journal of HIV/AIDS,2010,16 (5):453-455.(in Chinese)劉保池,李壘,劉立,等.HIV感染者圍手術(shù)期治療[J].中國(guó)艾滋病性病,2010,16(5):453-455.

      [13]張潔,王先化.艾滋病流行、預(yù)防特點(diǎn)以及健康教育策略研究[J].醫(yī)學(xué)信息,2014,28(14):468.

      [14]Guo C,Ji LY,Wu YB,et al.The band pattern ofWestern blotting in different clinical stages of HIV-1 infection/AIDS patients[J].Laboratory Medicine,2015,30(2):145-148.(in Chinese)郭川,紀(jì)琳瑩,吳耀波,等.不同臨床分期HIV-1感染者/ AIDS患者血樣的蛋白印跡試驗(yàn)帶型分析[J].檢驗(yàn)醫(yī)學(xué),2015,30(2):145-148.

      [15]Zhao J.Clinicalmanifestations of AIDS in ear,nose,throat,head and neck and its treatment[J].Chinese General Practice,2012,15(36):4257-4258.(in Chinese)趙杰.艾滋病在耳鼻咽喉-頭頸部的臨床表現(xiàn)及治療體會(huì)[J].中國(guó)全科醫(yī)學(xué),2012,15(36):4257-4258.

      [16]ChongWK,Hall-CraqqsMA,Wilkinson ID,etal.The prevalence of paranasal sinus disease in HIV infection and AIDS on cranial MR imaging[J].Clin Radiol,1993,47(3):166-169.

      [17]Shi YJ,Zhao J,Chen YS,et al.HIV manifestations in ear,nose,throat,eye-h(huán)ead and neck and its treatment in west Africa[J].Chinese General Practice,2014,17(20):2389-2392.(in Chinese)石堯機(jī),趙杰,陳宇斯,等.西非地區(qū)HIV感染者耳鼻咽喉眼-頭頸部臨床表現(xiàn)極其治療分析[J].中國(guó)全科醫(yī)學(xué),2014,17(20):2389-2392.

      [18]楊歆瑤.艾滋病在耳鼻喉的臨床表現(xiàn)分析[J].中國(guó)衛(wèi)生產(chǎn)業(yè),2011,8(10):47-48.

      [19]Opoku-Buabeng J,Dompreh A.Ear,nose and throat lesions in HIV/AIDS patients in kom fo anokye teaching hospital,kumasi,ghana[J].JWest Afr Coll Surg,2012,2(2):27-39.

      Analysis of Treatment of Rhino-sinus Lesion Combined W ith H IV Infection

      BAO Shi-ping,LIU Yong-gang,ZHANGWei,et al.Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck,Beijing Youan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China

      ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features and treatmentmethods of rhino-sinus lesion combined with HIV infection.Methods Enrolled 20 patients of rhino-sinus lesion combined with HIV infection who

      treatment in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck of Beijing Youan Hospital,Capital Medical University from April 2010 to October 2014.The general data of patientswere collected,including gender,age,duration of disease,CD4+T cell countbefore treatment,disease categories(7 cases of chronic rhinitis,5 cases of chronic rhino-sinus disease,2 cases of nasal squamous cancer,2 cases of nosebleed,2 cases of anaphylactic rhinitis,1 case of pharyngeal bursitis and 1 case of nasal hemangioma)and clinical treatmentmethods and VASscore before treatment,two weeks after treatmentand onemonth after treatment.Results

      For patientswith chronic rhinitis and anaphylactic rhinitis,the duration of disease lasted for one week to three years;before treatment,the CD4+T cell countwas7-675/μl,and the VASscore was(25.6±5.2);the patientswho hadmajor complaints of nasal congestion,olfaction problem,headache and other symptoms of chronic rhinitis were given permeating nasal irrigation and/or glucocorticoid treatment by nasal spray;patients who had major complaints of nasal congestion,nasalmucus combined with rhinocnesmus and other symptoms of allergic rhinitiswere given high-degree permeating nasal irrigation plus corticosteroids by nasal spray aswell as oral administration of antiallergic drug;the VASscorewas(11.2±3.2)two weeks after treatmentand was(7.2±3.6)onemonth after treatment.For patientswith chronic rhinitis and rhinosinusitis,the duration of disease lasted for one to three months;before treatment,the CD4+T cell count was 186~537/μl,and the VAS score was(35.2±4.4);2 patients were administrated with conservative treatment methods including glucocorticoid by nasal spray,nasal irrigation,chelating agents for oralmucous and antibiotic therapy;3 patients were given standard functional endoscopic sinus surgery with comprehensive anxiliary drug therapy;the VAS score was(24.0±2.8)two weeks after treatment and was(16.8±8.8)one month after treatment.For the 2 patients with nasal squamous cancer,the duration of disease was 1 month and 7 months respectively;before treatment,the CD4+T cell counts were 252/μl and 797/μl,and the average VAS score was 40.0;the 2 patients were both definitely diagnosed by biopsy,after which one patient was given endoscopic radical operation for nasal squamous carcinoma and the other patientwho had cervical lymph nodemetastasiswas given bonemetastases chemotherapy;the VAS scores were both 32.0 two weeks after treatment and were 12.0 and 32.0 one month after treatment.For patients with nosebleed,the duration of disease was 1 day,before treatment,the CD4+T cell counts were 7/μl and 196/μl,and the VAS scoreswere 40.0 and 12.0;according to the degree of nosebleed,range and amount of bleeding,different stuffingswere chosen to conduct packing of anterior naris,and the stuffingwas removed 2 to3 days later;one patienthad bleeding at the back-end of middle nasalmeatus,and was treated with stuffing in anterior naris and posterior postnaris;the VASscoreswere 16.0 and 0 two weeks after treatment and were 8.0 and 0 one month after treatment.For the patient with pharyngeal bursitis,the duration of disease lasted for 1 month,and the VAS score was 0 before treatment;the patient was given endoscopic resection of nasopharyngeal tumor and had a favorable recovery after surgery;the VAS score was 0 two weeks after treatment and was 0 one month after treatment.For the patientwith nasal hemangioma,the course of disease lasted for 2 months;before treatment,the CD4

      +T countwas 321/μl and the VASscorewas40.0;endoscopic resection of hemangiomawas undertaken on the patient,and the postoperative recovery was favourable;the VAS score was 16.0 two weeks after treatment and was 0 one month after treatment.Conclusion Clinicalmanifestations of rhino-sinus lesion combined with HIV infection has specificity,and positive treatment is effective,while different patients should be adopted with different treatment methods according to specific indications.

      Nose diseases;Paranasal sinus diseases;HIV;Therapy

      R 765

      A

      10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2015.36.017

      2015-05-15;

      2015-10-28)

      (本文編輯:崔麗紅)

      佑安肝病艾滋病基金資助項(xiàng)目(BJYAH-2011-006);北京市艾滋病臨床數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和樣本資源庫(kù)建設(shè)(D13110700530000);北京市乙型肝炎臨床數(shù)據(jù)和樣本資料庫(kù)建設(shè)(D131100005313004)

      100069北京市,首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬北京佑安醫(yī)院耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科

      鮑詩(shī)平,100069北京市,首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬北京佑安醫(yī)院耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科;E-mail:baoshiping@163.com

      猜你喜歡
      喉頭鼻竇鼻炎
      鼻竇內(nèi)窺鏡在耳鼻喉病變臨床診治中的應(yīng)用分析
      贛南醫(yī)學(xué)院第一附屬醫(yī)院耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科
      遠(yuǎn)離『鼻炎鬧』 靜享黃菊之秋
      鼻腔、鼻竇神經(jīng)鞘瘤1例
      豬萎縮性鼻炎的防治
      中醫(yī)趕走惱人鼻炎
      蔥汁治鼻炎
      特別健康(2018年3期)2018-07-20 00:24:54
      淺析流行唱法中喉頭位置的選擇方式
      注射用奧沙利鉑致急性喉頭痙攣1例的急救護(hù)理
      微波在鼻內(nèi)鏡手術(shù)治療鼻腔鼻竇內(nèi)翻性乳頭狀瘤中的應(yīng)用
      大埔区| 长白| 信阳市| 漠河县| 奇台县| 南宁市| 临桂县| 大余县| 南靖县| 平和县| 夏邑县| 鱼台县| 稷山县| 沐川县| 无极县| 历史| 巴塘县| 稻城县| 定日县| 咸宁市| 花莲县| 南华县| 永川市| 海城市| 姚安县| 黄骅市| 乾安县| 繁昌县| 抚远县| 依兰县| 四平市| 镇江市| 怀宁县| 涡阳县| 贵溪市| 长汀县| 繁昌县| 微山县| 枣庄市| 冀州市| 万宁市|