王雁君, 苗向陽(yáng)
(山西師范大學(xué)物理與信息工程學(xué)院, 臨汾 041004)
初始振動(dòng)態(tài)對(duì)氫分子離子電離通道的影響
王雁君, 苗向陽(yáng)
(山西師范大學(xué)物理與信息工程學(xué)院, 臨汾 041004)
庫(kù)侖爆炸核初始動(dòng)能釋放譜; 非Born-Oppenheimer近似; 直接多光子電離; 電荷共振增強(qiáng)電離
強(qiáng)激光場(chǎng)中氫分子離子的電離解離動(dòng)力學(xué)引起了理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)工作者的廣泛關(guān)注和深入研究,其中的一些物理機(jī)制可以通過(guò)模擬分析庫(kù)侖爆炸核動(dòng)能釋放譜得到清晰地解釋,例如鍵的軟化[1]、鍵的硬化[2]、閾上解離[3]、電荷共振增強(qiáng)電離[4]等.特別的,在特殊核間距下發(fā)生的電荷共振增強(qiáng)電離引起了研究工作者的興趣[5,6].在以上現(xiàn)象的過(guò)程中,核所能具有的動(dòng)能范圍往往是0 eV到10 eV[7,8].Niikura等人在核動(dòng)能釋放譜中觀察到了更高能量的峰值結(jié)構(gòu)[9].為了解釋這種現(xiàn)象,Staudte等人[10]提出了直接多光子電離是有效合理的物理機(jī)制,當(dāng)氫分子離子和強(qiáng)激光場(chǎng)相互作用時(shí),其電離通道主要有兩個(gè):直接多光子電離和電荷共振增強(qiáng)電離.
(1)
其中體系的哈密頓量可以表示為:
VC(R,z)+κzE(t)
(2)
其中,mp是核的質(zhì)量,R為核間距,z為電子相對(duì)于核質(zhì)心的位置,VC為軟核庫(kù)侖勢(shì),可描述為:
(3)
E(t)=E0f(t)cosωt
(4)
程序中初始波函數(shù)是通過(guò)對(duì)角化在分離格點(diǎn)表象(DVR)中構(gòu)建的矩陣中得到的,波函數(shù)隨時(shí)間的演化采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的二階劈裂算符的方法[13]:
ψ(R,z;t+δt)=e-iTδt/2e-iVδte-iTδt/2
ψ(R,z;t)+O(δt3)
(5)
T為核與電子的動(dòng)能算符,V表示體系所有的勢(shì)能.為了節(jié)約時(shí)間,我們可以將核與電子分開(kāi)傳播:
(6)
圖1 處于不同初始核振動(dòng)態(tài)(v=0到v=7)時(shí)的核初始動(dòng)能釋放譜.激光參數(shù)為:I= 6.8×1013W/cm2,波長(zhǎng)λ=800 nm,半寬τ=80 fsFig.1 . The peak intensity of the laser pulse is 6.8 × 1013 W/cm2, FWHM is 80 fs, wavelength is 800 nm
圖處于不同核初始振動(dòng)態(tài)下(v=0到v=7)的電離速率隨核間距R變化的分布圖Fig., respectively
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The influence of initial vibrational states on ionization channels of the hydrogen molecular ion
WANG Yan-Jun, MIAO Xiang-Yang
(College of Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, China)
The Coulomb explosion nuclear initial kinetic-energy-release spectra; Non Born-Oppenheimer approximation; Direct multi-photon ionization; Charge-resonance-enhanced ionization
2014-07-11
國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金青年基金項(xiàng)目(11404204);教育部科技研究重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(211025);教育部高等學(xué)校博士學(xué)科點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)科研基金(新教師類)(20111404120004);山西省青年科技研究基金(2009021005)
王雁君(1991—), 女,山西廣靈人,碩士,主要從事強(qiáng)激光與原子分子相互作用的研究.
苗向陽(yáng).E-mail: sxxymiao@126.com
103969/j.issn.1000-0364.2015.10.002
O561.4
A
1000-0364(2015)05-0723-05