袁順志
語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象是紛繁復(fù)雜的,在表達(dá)上,哪怕是一點(diǎn)兒細(xì)微的差別,實(shí)際含義都會(huì)大不相同。例如英語(yǔ)中就有許多較為固定的詞組在形式上既可以帶上又可以省去形容詞性的物主代詞(如:take place與take ones place),它們?cè)谝饬x上卻大相徑庭,差別迥異。如果不弄清楚它們之間的區(qū)別,對(duì)我們理解和翻譯都會(huì)帶來(lái)困擾。筆者就平時(shí)常用的一些詞組列舉幾例,同學(xué)們應(yīng)在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)多加注意。
1. make way 與make ones way
【區(qū)別】
make way 讓路
make ones way 前進(jìn),走
【例句】
All traffic has to make way for the police engine. (所有的行人車輛都應(yīng)給警車讓路。)
The girl made her way to school then. (那個(gè)女孩當(dāng)時(shí)正在上學(xué)路上。)
2. take place與take ones place
【區(qū)別】
take place 發(fā)生
take ones place 就座
【例句】
The May 4th Movement took place in 1919. (“五四運(yùn)動(dòng)”發(fā)生在1919年。)
The meeting will begin in a minute. Take your place please. (會(huì)議馬上開(kāi)始,請(qǐng)就座。)
3. lose heart與lose ones heart
【區(qū)別】
lose heart 灰心喪氣
lose ones heart 愛(ài)上
【例句】
He got a “C” in the middle term. Mother said to him, “Dont lose heart”. (期中考試中他得了一個(gè)C,媽媽對(duì)他說(shuō):“不要灰心喪氣”。)
A wolf lost its heart to a goat. Do you believe it? (狼愛(ài)上了羊,你信嗎?)
4. at best與at ones best
【區(qū)別】
at best 充其量,至多
at ones best 處于最佳狀態(tài),全勝時(shí)期
【例句】
He cant arrive here before two at best. (他最早也要在兩點(diǎn)鐘才能到這兒。)
Most athletes are at their best during their early manhood. (大多數(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)員都是在成年初期達(dá)到頂峰狀態(tài)。)
5. for good與for ones good
【區(qū)別】
for good 永遠(yuǎn)地
for ones good 為了某人的好處
【例句】
He hoped the road wouldnt be crowded for good. (他希望那條路永遠(yuǎn)不擁擠。)
Others criticisms are all for your good. (別人的批評(píng)都是為你好。)
6. for life與for ones life
【區(qū)別】
for life 終生
for ones life 拼命地,無(wú)論如何也
【例句】
He is willing to settle down in Tibet for life. (他愿意去西藏安家一輩子。)
“Run!” said he, “Run for your life!” He neednt have repeated it; once was enough. (“快跑!”,他說(shuō),“趕快逃命!”他無(wú)需再重復(fù),一次就已經(jīng)夠了。)
7. in line與in ones line
【區(qū)別】
in line 排成一行
in ones line 是某人的,拿手的
【例句】
The people stood in line to wait for a bus. (人們排隊(duì)等車。)
I dont know what to do because this is not much in my line. (我不知道做什么才好,因?yàn)檫@不是我的本行。)
8. in turn與in ones turn
【區(qū)別】
in turn 輪流,依次
in ones turn 也(常作插入語(yǔ)用)
【例句】
Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice. (理論的基礎(chǔ)是實(shí)踐,又反過(guò)來(lái)為實(shí)踐服務(wù)。)
They, in their turn, gave some advice. (他們接著也提出了一些忠告建議。)
9. go to rest與go to ones rest
【區(qū)別】
go to rest 去休息,睡覺(jué)
go to ones rest 長(zhǎng)眠,去世
【例句】
Didnt you go to rest? (你怎么沒(méi)去休息?)
The man went to his rest because of the traffic accident. (那個(gè)人死于那場(chǎng)交通事故。)
10. in sight與in ones sight
【區(qū)別】
in sight 看得見(jiàn)
in ones sight 按照某人的眼光看來(lái)
【例句】
Wish is in sight. (希望就在眼前。)
Do what is right in your sight. (你認(rèn)為該怎么就做吧?。〆ndprint