馮曉等
[摘要] 目的 探討Ang-1及其受體Tie2在高血壓患者循環(huán)內皮祖細胞中的表達水平并評價其臨床意義。 方法 選擇杭州師范大學附屬醫(yī)院2012年1月~2013年6月高血壓Ⅰ、Ⅱ級和Ⅲ級患者各15例;正常體檢人群30名為對照組。RT-PCR法檢測各組外周血中內皮祖細胞內Ang-1、Tie2 mRNA表達水平;Western-blot法測定Tie2酪氨酸磷酸化水平。結論 患者循環(huán)內皮祖細胞內Ang-1和Tie2表達隨高血壓分級的增加逐漸下調,治療后水平升高,可能與高血壓病血管內皮細胞修復的調控機制密切相關。
[關鍵詞] 高血壓;內皮祖細胞;Ang-1;Tie2
[中圖分類號] R544.1 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1673-7210(2014)04(b)-0004-04
[Abstract] Objective To discuss the expression of Ang-1 and Tie2 of peripheral endothelial progenitor cells in patients with hypertension, as well as its clinical significance. Methods 15 patients with gradeⅠ, Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ hypertension respectively were studied in the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University from January 2012 to June 2013. 30 healthy subjects were recruited as normal controls. Expression of Ang-1 and Tie2 mRNA of the peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells were measured by RT-PCR, Tie2 tyrosine phosphorylation level was measured by Western-blot. Results mRNA levels of Ang-1 and Tie2 of endothelial progenitor cells in patients with grade Ⅲ hypertension were lower than those of the patients with grade Ⅱ, Ⅰ hypertension and control group (P < 0.05), the levels of those in patients with grade Ⅱ hypertension were lower than those of grade Ⅰ hypertension and the control group (P < 0.05). Tie2 tyrosine phosphorylation level of endothelial progenitor cells in patients with grade Ⅲ hypertension was lower than that of patients with grade Ⅱ, gradeⅠ hypertension and control group (P < 0.05), and that of grade Ⅱ hypertension patients was lower than patients with grade Ⅰ hypertension and the control group (P < 0.05). After routine treatment, the expression of Ang-1 and Tie2 mRNA or Tie2 phosphorylation level were higher than those of before treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusion Ang-1 and Tie2 expression of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with hypertension reduced with the increasing of hypertension grade, but after treatment these levels elevated, may have participated in the regulation of vascular endothelial cells in patients with hypertension.
[Key words] High blood pressure; Endothelial progenitor cells; Ang-1; Tie2
高血壓的嚴重程度與血管內皮細胞的損害程度呈正相關,作為前體細胞,內皮祖細胞具有較強的增殖、分化潛能,參與損傷內皮細胞的修復、維持血管穩(wěn)定,因此對于防止動脈粥樣硬化及再狹窄具有重要意義[1-2]。血管生成素-1(Ang-1)及其酪氨酸激酶受體Tie2是血管生成的重要調節(jié)因子,廣泛表達于內皮祖細胞上,對于調控內皮祖細胞的功能具有重要意義[3-4]。本研究通過不同分級的原發(fā)性高血壓患者內皮祖細胞Ang-1/Tie2的表達變化,探討Ang-1/Tie2信號通路在修復與逆轉疾病發(fā)展中的重要價值。
1 資料與方法
1.2.2 治療方法
針對Ⅱ級和Ⅲ級高血壓患者采取常規(guī)降壓方案,主要包括β受體阻斷劑、鈣離子拮抗劑、阿司匹林以及他汀類藥物,連續(xù)使用4周,所有患者治療后血壓均達到130/80 mm Hg以下。
1.2.3 Ang-1和Tie2水平測定
所有研究對象入選前1周內未服用任何降壓藥和抗氧化劑,清晨分別抽取空腹外周血20 mL置入無菌肝素抗凝管內,加入Ficoll液4℃離心分離單個核細胞層并采用差速貼壁法純化內皮祖細胞。
1.2.3.2 采用Western-blot法測定Tie2酪氨酸磷酸化水平 分別提取各組內皮祖細胞總蛋白后取20 μg,行聚丙烯酰胺凝膠電泳,4℃轉膜12 h,蛋白封閉,加入抗Tie2酪氨酸磷酸化一抗、二抗,顯影、壓片。膠片經圖像分析系統(tǒng)測得Tie2磷酸化/β-actin光密度比值反映體內活化Tie2受體表達水平。
1.3 統(tǒng)計學方法
2.1 各組內皮祖細胞Ang-1、Tie2 mRNA表達和Tie2酪氨酸磷酸化水平比較
3 討論
原發(fā)性高血壓形成的高血流應切力可直接損傷血管內皮細胞。血壓越高,損傷越大,越難以修復,進而發(fā)展為動脈粥樣硬化、冠心病等嚴重合并癥[5-7]。內皮祖細胞是具有增殖分化為血管內皮細胞的一類前體細胞,與新生血管生成、內皮細胞修復有關[8]。然而越來越多的研究發(fā)現[9-11],高血壓患者循環(huán)內皮祖細胞數量減低、功能障礙,內皮細胞得不到修復與更新,病情無法逆轉。如何解釋這一現象對于疾病的控制至關重要。
Tie2是一類酶聯(lián)受體,廣泛表達于內皮細胞及內皮祖細胞上,Ang-1、Ang-2是其主要配體,Ang-1能保持血管內皮的穩(wěn)定性,促使血管成熟;Ang-2是Ang-1內源性拮抗劑,破壞血管的穩(wěn)態(tài)。Ang-1與Tie2受體結合后酪氨酸殘基被磷酸化進而發(fā)揮細胞的生物學功能[12-14]。內皮祖細胞修復內皮細胞的過程,很可能依賴Ang-1/Tie2信號通路精密調控,通路表達失衡可直接影響內皮祖細胞的動員和遷移,加速血管內皮的損傷及炎癥過程[15-16]。內皮祖細胞上Ang-1/Tie2通路表達與高血壓之間的關系目前國內鮮有研究。
本次實驗結果顯示,隨著患者高血壓分級的增高,內皮祖細胞Ang-1和Tie2 mRNA水平逐級降低,且具有生物活性的磷酸化Tie2水平也平行下調,表明信號通路的活性降低,血管內皮細胞的修復能力減弱,從而解釋了內皮祖細胞數量下降及功能喪失的原因。同時也觀察到,經過降壓治療后,Ang-1和Tie2的表達明顯改善,說明高血壓的因素去除之后,內皮細胞的修復活動增強,再次證實了內皮祖細胞依賴Ang-1/Tie2系統(tǒng)調控的推斷。
此外,本研究也發(fā)現,高血壓Ⅰ級患者的Ang-1和Tie2水平較之對照組并無明顯差異,推測此階段的內皮祖細胞仍具有較強的代償能力,機體處于平衡狀態(tài),血壓控制之后,發(fā)生心血管意外的概率明顯低于其他兩組。因此,內皮祖細胞Ang-1和Tie2表達也可作為預測血管功能和心血管危險度的指標之一[17-20]。
綜上所述,內皮祖細胞Ang-1/Tie2的表達可能與高血壓病血管損傷有密切關系,可通過Ang-1/Tie2表達的水平對患者的血管損傷程度和治療效果進行判斷,進而在臨床上發(fā)揮重要作用。
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[16] 冉文卓,王宏健,廖曉紅,等.葛根素對AngⅡ誘導HUVECs細胞組織因子表達的影響及其機制研究[J].中國現代醫(yī)學雜志,2012,22(12):13-18.
[17] Cacciatore F,Bruzzese G,Vitale DF,et al. Effects of ACE inhibition on circulating endothelial progenitor cells, vascular damage, and oxidative stress in hypertensive patients [J]. Eur J Clin Pharmacol,2011,67(9):877-883.
[18] 屈新輝,劉詩英,何丹,等.循環(huán)內皮祖細胞與急性腦梗死及腦血管病危險因素的相關性研究[J].中國醫(yī)藥導報,2012,9(5):42-44.
[19] Gu A,Shively JE. Angiopoietins-1 and -2 play opposing roles in endothelial sprouting of embryoid bodies in 3D culture and their receptor Tie-2 associates with the cell-cell adhesion molecule PECAM1 [J]. Exp Cell Res,2011, 317(15):2171-2182.
[20] 黃河,李建芳,古秀雯,等.年齡或性別對循環(huán)內皮祖細胞數量的影響[J].中國醫(yī)藥導報,2010,7(36):13-15.
(收稿日期:2013-11-09 本文編輯:程 銘)
[10] 黃楷森,何頂秀,鄧小健,等.小劑量17β-雌二醇在大鼠頸動脈損傷修復過程中內皮祖細胞的作用[J].中國現代醫(yī)生,2010,48(30):6-8.
[11] Song Y,Wang Z,Liu L,et al. The level of circulating endothelial progenitor cells May be associated with the occurrence and recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma [J]. Clinics(Sao Paulo),2013,68(8):1084-1088.
[12] 劉帥,劉學政.Ang-1/Tie2系統(tǒng)與病理性血管形成的關系[J].解剖科學進展,2010,16(1):85-88.
[13] 肖剛峰,張懷勤.普伐他汀對培養(yǎng)人內皮祖細胞藥理作用的影響[J].中國現代醫(yī)生,2013,51(6):16-18.
[14] Sobrino T,Blanco M,Pérez-Mato M,et al. Increased levels of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with ischaemic stroke treated with statins during acute phase [J]. Eur J Neurol,2012,19(12):1539-1546.
[15] 張昕,王德強,鄭玉云,等.內皮祖細胞移植對擴張型心肌病大鼠血管新生的影響[J].中國現代醫(yī)生,2010,48(12):9-10.
[16] 冉文卓,王宏健,廖曉紅,等.葛根素對AngⅡ誘導HUVECs細胞組織因子表達的影響及其機制研究[J].中國現代醫(yī)學雜志,2012,22(12):13-18.
[17] Cacciatore F,Bruzzese G,Vitale DF,et al. Effects of ACE inhibition on circulating endothelial progenitor cells, vascular damage, and oxidative stress in hypertensive patients [J]. Eur J Clin Pharmacol,2011,67(9):877-883.
[18] 屈新輝,劉詩英,何丹,等.循環(huán)內皮祖細胞與急性腦梗死及腦血管病危險因素的相關性研究[J].中國醫(yī)藥導報,2012,9(5):42-44.
[19] Gu A,Shively JE. Angiopoietins-1 and -2 play opposing roles in endothelial sprouting of embryoid bodies in 3D culture and their receptor Tie-2 associates with the cell-cell adhesion molecule PECAM1 [J]. Exp Cell Res,2011, 317(15):2171-2182.
[20] 黃河,李建芳,古秀雯,等.年齡或性別對循環(huán)內皮祖細胞數量的影響[J].中國醫(yī)藥導報,2010,7(36):13-15.
(收稿日期:2013-11-09 本文編輯:程 銘)
[10] 黃楷森,何頂秀,鄧小健,等.小劑量17β-雌二醇在大鼠頸動脈損傷修復過程中內皮祖細胞的作用[J].中國現代醫(yī)生,2010,48(30):6-8.
[11] Song Y,Wang Z,Liu L,et al. The level of circulating endothelial progenitor cells May be associated with the occurrence and recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma [J]. Clinics(Sao Paulo),2013,68(8):1084-1088.
[12] 劉帥,劉學政.Ang-1/Tie2系統(tǒng)與病理性血管形成的關系[J].解剖科學進展,2010,16(1):85-88.
[13] 肖剛峰,張懷勤.普伐他汀對培養(yǎng)人內皮祖細胞藥理作用的影響[J].中國現代醫(yī)生,2013,51(6):16-18.
[14] Sobrino T,Blanco M,Pérez-Mato M,et al. Increased levels of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with ischaemic stroke treated with statins during acute phase [J]. Eur J Neurol,2012,19(12):1539-1546.
[15] 張昕,王德強,鄭玉云,等.內皮祖細胞移植對擴張型心肌病大鼠血管新生的影響[J].中國現代醫(yī)生,2010,48(12):9-10.
[16] 冉文卓,王宏健,廖曉紅,等.葛根素對AngⅡ誘導HUVECs細胞組織因子表達的影響及其機制研究[J].中國現代醫(yī)學雜志,2012,22(12):13-18.
[17] Cacciatore F,Bruzzese G,Vitale DF,et al. Effects of ACE inhibition on circulating endothelial progenitor cells, vascular damage, and oxidative stress in hypertensive patients [J]. Eur J Clin Pharmacol,2011,67(9):877-883.
[18] 屈新輝,劉詩英,何丹,等.循環(huán)內皮祖細胞與急性腦梗死及腦血管病危險因素的相關性研究[J].中國醫(yī)藥導報,2012,9(5):42-44.
[19] Gu A,Shively JE. Angiopoietins-1 and -2 play opposing roles in endothelial sprouting of embryoid bodies in 3D culture and their receptor Tie-2 associates with the cell-cell adhesion molecule PECAM1 [J]. Exp Cell Res,2011, 317(15):2171-2182.
[20] 黃河,李建芳,古秀雯,等.年齡或性別對循環(huán)內皮祖細胞數量的影響[J].中國醫(yī)藥導報,2010,7(36):13-15.
(收稿日期:2013-11-09 本文編輯:程 銘)