謝紅艷等
摘要:以鉻革固體廢棄物為原料,通過(guò)脫鉻、酸水解法,制備出復(fù)合氨基酸。研究不同反應(yīng)條件下,復(fù)合氨基酸與銅鹽、鋅鹽的最佳螯合率。采用正交試驗(yàn)研究物料比、pH、反應(yīng)溫度、反應(yīng)時(shí)間對(duì)鰲合反應(yīng)的影響,得出最佳螯合條件。不同的金屬鹽與復(fù)合氨基酸最佳螯合條件不同,銅與復(fù)合氨基酸的最優(yōu)條件為物料比1∶3,pH 7,80 ℃,螯合90 min;鋅與復(fù)合氨基酸的最優(yōu)條件為物料比1∶1,pH 6,30 ℃,螯合120 min。
關(guān)鍵詞:鉻革固體廢棄物;水解;微量元素;正交試驗(yàn);螯合肥
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):TQ44 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):0439-8114(2014)04-0897-03
Preparing Amino Acid Chelate Fertilizer from Chrome Leather Solid Waste
XIE Hong-yan,TIAN Lu,LUO Xing,LI Hua
(College of Technology, China Agricultural University, Yantai 264670, Shandong, China)
Abstract:To study preparing of amino acids chelate fertilizer from chrome leather solid waste, amino acids were hydrolyzed from chrome leather solid waste through dechroming and acid hydrolysis. The best chelation rate of compound amino acid and copper salt zinc salt was determined under different reaction conditions. Orthogonal experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of ratio of material, pH, reaction temperature and reaction time on the chelate reaction. The best chelation condition was obtained. The best conditions of metal salts were different from which of compound amino acid. The best conditions of copper and compound amino acid were ratio of material 1∶3, pH=6, 80 ℃, 90 min. The best conditions of Zn and compound amino acid were ratio of material 1∶1, pH=6, 30 ℃, 120 min.
Key words: chrome leather solid waste; hydrolysis; microelement; orthogonal test; chelate fertilizer
近年來(lái)我國(guó)制革工業(yè)得到了快速發(fā)展,已發(fā)展成為世界皮革加工、制造與貿(mào)易中心。我國(guó)每年約消耗原料皮2億多張,產(chǎn)生約140萬(wàn)t固體廢棄物,主要是藍(lán)濕皮邊角料和打磨皮屑,這些廢棄物中含有大量的鉻鹽[1]。藍(lán)濕皮廢棄物含膠原蛋白80%,鉻含量約為3%~4%。企業(yè)處理這些廢棄物的一般方法是焚燒和填埋,不僅污染環(huán)境,而且浪費(fèi)資源[2]。如何充分利用這一資源,減輕鉻污染,國(guó)內(nèi)外都做了大量研究工作,近幾年主要圍繞著提取膠原蛋白展開(kāi)研究[3]。研究表明,將鉻革固體廢棄物制備成肥料是治理皮革固體廢棄物污染的最佳方法之一。目前一些國(guó)家和地區(qū)都將鉻革固體廢棄物生產(chǎn)皮革有機(jī)肥,稱(chēng)為皮肥[4]。
我國(guó)近幾年在這方面的研究有了一定成果,如山東省化工研究院做過(guò)相關(guān)的工作,指出提取膠原蛋白后的廢料中含有氨基酸可以用來(lái)制備有機(jī)肥。北京化工大學(xué)提出直接用皮革廢棄物制備復(fù)合有機(jī)肥[5]。試驗(yàn)主要研究固體皮革廢棄物脫鉻、水解成小分子多肽和水解復(fù)合氨基酸,加入Cu、Zn等微量元素,制得氨基酸螯合微肥。
1 材料與方法
1.1 材料
2.2 氨基酸與微量元素螯合的適宜條件
研究表明,影響螯合的主要因素為物料比、pH、螯合溫度和螯合時(shí)間等,其中pH是影響氨基酸與微量元素螯合反應(yīng)的主要因素。因此設(shè)計(jì)了正交試驗(yàn)[7]來(lái)討論不同pH、物料比、螯合時(shí)間和螯合溫度對(duì)水解氨基酸與微量元素銅和鋅螯合率的影響,結(jié)果見(jiàn)表4和表5。
3 結(jié)論
參考文獻(xiàn):
[1] KOLOMAZNIK K,ADAMEK M,ANDEL I,et al. Leather waste-potential threat to human health, and a new technology of its treatment[J].J Hazard Mater,2008,160(2-3):514-520.
[2] WIONCZYK B, APOSTOLUK W,CHAREWICZ W A . Recovery of chromium(Ⅲ) from wastes of uncolored chromium leathers. part I. kinetic studies on alkaline hydrolytic decomposition of the wastes[J]. Separation and Purification Technology,2011,81:223-236.
[3] LOGVINENKO V, KOSHELEVA O, POPOVA E. Study of leather and gelatin specimens original, and processed with traditional and new reagents[J]. J Therm Anal Calorim, 2001,66:567-571.
[4] NOGUEIRA F G E, PRADO N T D,OLIVEIRA L C A et al. Incorporation of mineral phosphorus and potassium on leather waste(collagen):A new ncollagen PK-fertilizer with slow liberation[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,176(1-3):374-380.
[5] 穆 杰,徐陽(yáng)春,沈其榮,復(fù)合氨基酸微量元素螯合肥制備工藝研究[J].植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)與肥料學(xué)報(bào),2006,12(6):896-901.
[6] 丁紹蘭,秦 寧.皮革固體廢棄物資源化處理與處置[J].西部皮革,2009,31(11):20-24.
[7] 董如何,肖必華,方永水.正交試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)的理論分析方法及應(yīng)用[J].安徽建筑工業(yè)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版),2004,12(6):103-106.
[8] GB 18877-2009,有機(jī)-無(wú)機(jī)復(fù)混肥料[S].
[9] 崔 敏,傅 婕,遲原龍,等.茚三酮比色法和甲醛滴定法測(cè)定水解膠原的比較[J].中國(guó)皮革,2011,40(7):1-4.
[10] 吳勝華,李呂木.微量元素氨基酸螯合物合成及蝥合率測(cè)定的研究[J].飼料工業(yè),2008,29(16):11-12.
[11] 郝 鵬,董俊芳,范鑫鑫.皮革廢棄物資源化利用的專(zhuān)利領(lǐng)域分析[J].中國(guó)皮革,2012(15):30-34.
摘要:以鉻革固體廢棄物為原料,通過(guò)脫鉻、酸水解法,制備出復(fù)合氨基酸。研究不同反應(yīng)條件下,復(fù)合氨基酸與銅鹽、鋅鹽的最佳螯合率。采用正交試驗(yàn)研究物料比、pH、反應(yīng)溫度、反應(yīng)時(shí)間對(duì)鰲合反應(yīng)的影響,得出最佳螯合條件。不同的金屬鹽與復(fù)合氨基酸最佳螯合條件不同,銅與復(fù)合氨基酸的最優(yōu)條件為物料比1∶3,pH 7,80 ℃,螯合90 min;鋅與復(fù)合氨基酸的最優(yōu)條件為物料比1∶1,pH 6,30 ℃,螯合120 min。
關(guān)鍵詞:鉻革固體廢棄物;水解;微量元素;正交試驗(yàn);螯合肥
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):TQ44 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):0439-8114(2014)04-0897-03
Preparing Amino Acid Chelate Fertilizer from Chrome Leather Solid Waste
XIE Hong-yan,TIAN Lu,LUO Xing,LI Hua
(College of Technology, China Agricultural University, Yantai 264670, Shandong, China)
Abstract:To study preparing of amino acids chelate fertilizer from chrome leather solid waste, amino acids were hydrolyzed from chrome leather solid waste through dechroming and acid hydrolysis. The best chelation rate of compound amino acid and copper salt zinc salt was determined under different reaction conditions. Orthogonal experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of ratio of material, pH, reaction temperature and reaction time on the chelate reaction. The best chelation condition was obtained. The best conditions of metal salts were different from which of compound amino acid. The best conditions of copper and compound amino acid were ratio of material 1∶3, pH=6, 80 ℃, 90 min. The best conditions of Zn and compound amino acid were ratio of material 1∶1, pH=6, 30 ℃, 120 min.
Key words: chrome leather solid waste; hydrolysis; microelement; orthogonal test; chelate fertilizer
近年來(lái)我國(guó)制革工業(yè)得到了快速發(fā)展,已發(fā)展成為世界皮革加工、制造與貿(mào)易中心。我國(guó)每年約消耗原料皮2億多張,產(chǎn)生約140萬(wàn)t固體廢棄物,主要是藍(lán)濕皮邊角料和打磨皮屑,這些廢棄物中含有大量的鉻鹽[1]。藍(lán)濕皮廢棄物含膠原蛋白80%,鉻含量約為3%~4%。企業(yè)處理這些廢棄物的一般方法是焚燒和填埋,不僅污染環(huán)境,而且浪費(fèi)資源[2]。如何充分利用這一資源,減輕鉻污染,國(guó)內(nèi)外都做了大量研究工作,近幾年主要圍繞著提取膠原蛋白展開(kāi)研究[3]。研究表明,將鉻革固體廢棄物制備成肥料是治理皮革固體廢棄物污染的最佳方法之一。目前一些國(guó)家和地區(qū)都將鉻革固體廢棄物生產(chǎn)皮革有機(jī)肥,稱(chēng)為皮肥[4]。
我國(guó)近幾年在這方面的研究有了一定成果,如山東省化工研究院做過(guò)相關(guān)的工作,指出提取膠原蛋白后的廢料中含有氨基酸可以用來(lái)制備有機(jī)肥。北京化工大學(xué)提出直接用皮革廢棄物制備復(fù)合有機(jī)肥[5]。試驗(yàn)主要研究固體皮革廢棄物脫鉻、水解成小分子多肽和水解復(fù)合氨基酸,加入Cu、Zn等微量元素,制得氨基酸螯合微肥。
1 材料與方法
1.1 材料
2.2 氨基酸與微量元素螯合的適宜條件
研究表明,影響螯合的主要因素為物料比、pH、螯合溫度和螯合時(shí)間等,其中pH是影響氨基酸與微量元素螯合反應(yīng)的主要因素。因此設(shè)計(jì)了正交試驗(yàn)[7]來(lái)討論不同pH、物料比、螯合時(shí)間和螯合溫度對(duì)水解氨基酸與微量元素銅和鋅螯合率的影響,結(jié)果見(jiàn)表4和表5。
3 結(jié)論
參考文獻(xiàn):
[1] KOLOMAZNIK K,ADAMEK M,ANDEL I,et al. Leather waste-potential threat to human health, and a new technology of its treatment[J].J Hazard Mater,2008,160(2-3):514-520.
[2] WIONCZYK B, APOSTOLUK W,CHAREWICZ W A . Recovery of chromium(Ⅲ) from wastes of uncolored chromium leathers. part I. kinetic studies on alkaline hydrolytic decomposition of the wastes[J]. Separation and Purification Technology,2011,81:223-236.
[3] LOGVINENKO V, KOSHELEVA O, POPOVA E. Study of leather and gelatin specimens original, and processed with traditional and new reagents[J]. J Therm Anal Calorim, 2001,66:567-571.
[4] NOGUEIRA F G E, PRADO N T D,OLIVEIRA L C A et al. Incorporation of mineral phosphorus and potassium on leather waste(collagen):A new ncollagen PK-fertilizer with slow liberation[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,176(1-3):374-380.
[5] 穆 杰,徐陽(yáng)春,沈其榮,復(fù)合氨基酸微量元素螯合肥制備工藝研究[J].植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)與肥料學(xué)報(bào),2006,12(6):896-901.
[6] 丁紹蘭,秦 寧.皮革固體廢棄物資源化處理與處置[J].西部皮革,2009,31(11):20-24.
[7] 董如何,肖必華,方永水.正交試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)的理論分析方法及應(yīng)用[J].安徽建筑工業(yè)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版),2004,12(6):103-106.
[8] GB 18877-2009,有機(jī)-無(wú)機(jī)復(fù)混肥料[S].
[9] 崔 敏,傅 婕,遲原龍,等.茚三酮比色法和甲醛滴定法測(cè)定水解膠原的比較[J].中國(guó)皮革,2011,40(7):1-4.
[10] 吳勝華,李呂木.微量元素氨基酸螯合物合成及蝥合率測(cè)定的研究[J].飼料工業(yè),2008,29(16):11-12.
[11] 郝 鵬,董俊芳,范鑫鑫.皮革廢棄物資源化利用的專(zhuān)利領(lǐng)域分析[J].中國(guó)皮革,2012(15):30-34.
摘要:以鉻革固體廢棄物為原料,通過(guò)脫鉻、酸水解法,制備出復(fù)合氨基酸。研究不同反應(yīng)條件下,復(fù)合氨基酸與銅鹽、鋅鹽的最佳螯合率。采用正交試驗(yàn)研究物料比、pH、反應(yīng)溫度、反應(yīng)時(shí)間對(duì)鰲合反應(yīng)的影響,得出最佳螯合條件。不同的金屬鹽與復(fù)合氨基酸最佳螯合條件不同,銅與復(fù)合氨基酸的最優(yōu)條件為物料比1∶3,pH 7,80 ℃,螯合90 min;鋅與復(fù)合氨基酸的最優(yōu)條件為物料比1∶1,pH 6,30 ℃,螯合120 min。
關(guān)鍵詞:鉻革固體廢棄物;水解;微量元素;正交試驗(yàn);螯合肥
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):TQ44 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):0439-8114(2014)04-0897-03
Preparing Amino Acid Chelate Fertilizer from Chrome Leather Solid Waste
XIE Hong-yan,TIAN Lu,LUO Xing,LI Hua
(College of Technology, China Agricultural University, Yantai 264670, Shandong, China)
Abstract:To study preparing of amino acids chelate fertilizer from chrome leather solid waste, amino acids were hydrolyzed from chrome leather solid waste through dechroming and acid hydrolysis. The best chelation rate of compound amino acid and copper salt zinc salt was determined under different reaction conditions. Orthogonal experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of ratio of material, pH, reaction temperature and reaction time on the chelate reaction. The best chelation condition was obtained. The best conditions of metal salts were different from which of compound amino acid. The best conditions of copper and compound amino acid were ratio of material 1∶3, pH=6, 80 ℃, 90 min. The best conditions of Zn and compound amino acid were ratio of material 1∶1, pH=6, 30 ℃, 120 min.
Key words: chrome leather solid waste; hydrolysis; microelement; orthogonal test; chelate fertilizer
近年來(lái)我國(guó)制革工業(yè)得到了快速發(fā)展,已發(fā)展成為世界皮革加工、制造與貿(mào)易中心。我國(guó)每年約消耗原料皮2億多張,產(chǎn)生約140萬(wàn)t固體廢棄物,主要是藍(lán)濕皮邊角料和打磨皮屑,這些廢棄物中含有大量的鉻鹽[1]。藍(lán)濕皮廢棄物含膠原蛋白80%,鉻含量約為3%~4%。企業(yè)處理這些廢棄物的一般方法是焚燒和填埋,不僅污染環(huán)境,而且浪費(fèi)資源[2]。如何充分利用這一資源,減輕鉻污染,國(guó)內(nèi)外都做了大量研究工作,近幾年主要圍繞著提取膠原蛋白展開(kāi)研究[3]。研究表明,將鉻革固體廢棄物制備成肥料是治理皮革固體廢棄物污染的最佳方法之一。目前一些國(guó)家和地區(qū)都將鉻革固體廢棄物生產(chǎn)皮革有機(jī)肥,稱(chēng)為皮肥[4]。
我國(guó)近幾年在這方面的研究有了一定成果,如山東省化工研究院做過(guò)相關(guān)的工作,指出提取膠原蛋白后的廢料中含有氨基酸可以用來(lái)制備有機(jī)肥。北京化工大學(xué)提出直接用皮革廢棄物制備復(fù)合有機(jī)肥[5]。試驗(yàn)主要研究固體皮革廢棄物脫鉻、水解成小分子多肽和水解復(fù)合氨基酸,加入Cu、Zn等微量元素,制得氨基酸螯合微肥。
1 材料與方法
1.1 材料
2.2 氨基酸與微量元素螯合的適宜條件
研究表明,影響螯合的主要因素為物料比、pH、螯合溫度和螯合時(shí)間等,其中pH是影響氨基酸與微量元素螯合反應(yīng)的主要因素。因此設(shè)計(jì)了正交試驗(yàn)[7]來(lái)討論不同pH、物料比、螯合時(shí)間和螯合溫度對(duì)水解氨基酸與微量元素銅和鋅螯合率的影響,結(jié)果見(jiàn)表4和表5。
3 結(jié)論
參考文獻(xiàn):
[1] KOLOMAZNIK K,ADAMEK M,ANDEL I,et al. Leather waste-potential threat to human health, and a new technology of its treatment[J].J Hazard Mater,2008,160(2-3):514-520.
[2] WIONCZYK B, APOSTOLUK W,CHAREWICZ W A . Recovery of chromium(Ⅲ) from wastes of uncolored chromium leathers. part I. kinetic studies on alkaline hydrolytic decomposition of the wastes[J]. Separation and Purification Technology,2011,81:223-236.
[3] LOGVINENKO V, KOSHELEVA O, POPOVA E. Study of leather and gelatin specimens original, and processed with traditional and new reagents[J]. J Therm Anal Calorim, 2001,66:567-571.
[4] NOGUEIRA F G E, PRADO N T D,OLIVEIRA L C A et al. Incorporation of mineral phosphorus and potassium on leather waste(collagen):A new ncollagen PK-fertilizer with slow liberation[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,176(1-3):374-380.
[5] 穆 杰,徐陽(yáng)春,沈其榮,復(fù)合氨基酸微量元素螯合肥制備工藝研究[J].植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)與肥料學(xué)報(bào),2006,12(6):896-901.
[6] 丁紹蘭,秦 寧.皮革固體廢棄物資源化處理與處置[J].西部皮革,2009,31(11):20-24.
[7] 董如何,肖必華,方永水.正交試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)的理論分析方法及應(yīng)用[J].安徽建筑工業(yè)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版),2004,12(6):103-106.
[8] GB 18877-2009,有機(jī)-無(wú)機(jī)復(fù)混肥料[S].
[9] 崔 敏,傅 婕,遲原龍,等.茚三酮比色法和甲醛滴定法測(cè)定水解膠原的比較[J].中國(guó)皮革,2011,40(7):1-4.
[10] 吳勝華,李呂木.微量元素氨基酸螯合物合成及蝥合率測(cè)定的研究[J].飼料工業(yè),2008,29(16):11-12.
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