心是一座孤島

Anderson Cooper

四百年前，約翰·多恩（John Donne）寫道：沒有人是孤島，每個人都是大陸的一部分。許多年后，J·M·庫切告訴我們：每個人都是一座孤島。如今，當有些人聲稱嘗盡了世俗的冷漠、現(xiàn)實的殘酷、難以面對的事實，要躲進屬于自己的孤島時，有一個人卻冒死從他的“孤島”奔逃而出……

Interviewer： Did anybody ever explain to you why you were in a camp？

采訪者：有人向你解釋過為何你會在集中營里嗎？

Shin Dong-hyuk （Via Translator）： No. Never. Because I was born there I just thought those people who carry guns were born to carry guns. And prisoners like me were born as prisoners.

Interviewer： Did you know America existed？

Shin： Not at all.

Interviewer： Did you know that the world was round？

Shin： I had no idea if it was round or square.

Camp 14 was all that Shin Dong-hyuk says he knew for the first 23 years of his life.

Interviewer： Growing up， did you ever think about escaping？

Shin： That never crossed my mind.

Interviewer： It never crossed your mind？

Shin： No. Never. What I thought was that the society outside the camp would be similar to that inside the camp.

Interviewer： You thought everybody lived in a prison camp like this？

Shin： Yes.

Interviewer： How…h(huán)ow did they kill your mother？

Shin： They hung her and they shot my brother.

He speaks of it still without visible emotion， and admits he felt no sadness watching his mother and brother die. He thought they got what they deserved. They had， after all， broken the prison rules.

Blaine Harden： He believed the rules of the camp like gospel.

Blaine Harden is a 1）veteran foreign correspondent who first reported Shins story in The Washington Post and later wrote a book （Escape from Camp 14， by Blaine Harden） about his life.

申東赫：沒有，從沒人說過。我想因為我是在那里出生的。我認為那些持槍的人生下來就是該拿槍的，而像我這種囚犯生下來就是囚犯。

采訪者：你知道有美國存在嗎？申東赫：不知道。采訪者：你知道世界是圓的嗎？申東赫：我不知道世界是圓是方。

申東赫說在他人生的頭23年，除了14號勞改營就什么都不知道了。

采訪者：成長過程中，你有沒有想過要逃走？申東赫：從沒想過。采訪者：從來沒有？

申東赫：是的，從來沒有。我以為外面的社會跟集中營里面差不多。

采訪者：你認為其他人也都住在這種集中營里？

申東赫：是的。

采訪者：他們是怎樣殺死你母親的？

申東赫：他們將她吊死，然后槍斃了我兄長。

他憶述前事時外表平靜，他承認看著母兄死去時沒半點傷心。他覺得這是他們自找的，他們畢竟違反了營規(guī)。

布萊恩·哈登：他當時將營規(guī)視為金科玉律。

布萊恩·哈登是一名資深的駐外記者，是他率先在《華盛頓郵報》上披露了申東赫的遭遇，之后還為他寫了一本傳記（《逃離14號勞改營》，布萊恩·哈登著）。

Interviewer： He had no compass by which to judge his behavior.

Harden： He had a compass. But the compass were the rules of the camp， the only compass he had. And it was only when he was 23， when he met somebody from the outside， that that started to change. Interviewer： When he met Park.

Harden： When

he met Park.

Park was a new prisoner Shin says he met while working in Camp 14s textile factory. Unlike Shin， Park had seen the outside world. Hed lived in Pyongyang and traveled in China， and he began to tell Shin what life was like on the other side of the fence.

Shin： I paid most attention to what kind of food he ate outside the camp.

Interviewer： What kind of food had he eaten？

Shin： Oh， a lot of different things. Broiled chicken. Barbecued pig. The most important thing was the thought that even a prisoner like me could eat chicken and pork if I were able to escape the 2）barbed wires.

Interviewer： Ive heard people define freedom in many ways. Ive never heard someone define it as broiled chicken.

Shin： I still think of freedom in that way.

Interviewer： Really？ Thats what freedom means to you？ Shin： People can eat what they want. It could be the greatest gift from God.

Interviewer： You were ready to die—just to get a good meal？

Shin： Yes.

He got his chance in January， 2005， when he says he and Park were gathering firewood in this remote area near the electrified fence. As the sun began to set， they decided to make a run for it.

采訪者：在當時他沒有判斷自己行為對錯的準則。

哈登：他有自己的準則。但那套準則就是營規(guī)，那是他惟一的準則。直到他23歲時認識了一個從外面的世界來的人，他的人生才開始改變。

采訪者：當他遇上樸。哈登：是的，當他遇上樸的時候。

樸是新來的囚犯，申東赫是在14號勞改營的紡織廠干活時認識他的。樸和申不同，他見過外面的世界。他曾住在平壤，去過中國。他開始告訴申東赫，勞改營外的生活是怎么樣的。

申東赫：我最留意的是他提到在營外吃的東西。

采訪者：他都吃過些什么？

申東赫：噢，各式各樣的吃的：烤雞、燒豬。這使我產(chǎn)生了一種想法，那就是即使像我這樣的囚犯，倘若能逃出那帶刺的鐵絲網(wǎng)，便也可以吃到雞肉和豬肉。

采訪者：我聽過人們對自由的不同定義，但頭一次聽以能吃上烤雞來界定的。申東赫：我現(xiàn)在依然這樣看待自由。

采訪者：真的？自由對你來說就是能吃上烤雞？

申東赫：想吃什么便吃什么，那是上帝給人最大的禮物。

采訪者：為了可以吃一頓好的，不惜冒死？

申東赫：是。

2005年1月，機會來了，當時申和樸在鐵絲網(wǎng)附近的一片荒地撿拾柴枝。太陽快落山了，二人決定逃走。

Harden： And as they ran towards the fence， Shin slipped in the snow. It was a snowy ridge， fell on his face. Park got to the fence first and thrust his body between the first and second strands and pulled down that bottom wire and was immediately electrocuted.

Interviewer： How did you get past him？

Shin： I just crawled over his back.

Interviewer： So you climbed—you literally climbed over him？

Shin： Yeah.

He was a fugitive now in rural North Korea—on the run in one of the poorest， most repressive countries in the world. But thats not how it seemed to him.

Interviewer： What…what did the outside world look like？

Shin： It was like heaven. People were laughing and talking as they wanted. They were wearing what they wanted. It was very shocking.

With amazing luck and cunning， Shin managed to steal and bribe his way across the border， and quietly work his way through China， where he would have been sent back if he was caught. In Shanghai， he snuck into the South Korean consulate and was granted 3）asylum.

In 2006， he arrived in South Korea with not a friend in the world. He was so overwhelmed by culture shock and post-4）traumatic stress he had to be hospitalized.

More than seven years later， its remarkable how far Shins come. Hes 30 now， has made friends and built a new life for himself in Seoul， South Korea.

哈登：他們跑向鐵絲網(wǎng)，申東赫在雪地上滑了一跤。當時山脊積雪，他摔了個嘴啃泥。樸先跑到網(wǎng)前，踩著鐵絲向上爬拉著，當他拉到末端的那條鐵絲便遭到電擊。采訪者：你怎樣越過他的？申東赫：我從他的背上爬過。

采訪者：也就是說你是踩著他的尸首翻過去的？

申東赫：是。

他流亡在朝鮮的鄉(xiāng)間，在世上最貧窮最壓抑的國家里奔逃，但他當時并不這么覺得。

采訪者：你覺得外面的世界怎么樣？

申東赫：像天堂一樣。人們自由地談天說笑，想穿什么便穿什么。那讓我感到非常震撼。

異乎尋常的好運氣加上機智，申東赫一路小偷小摸買通他人，最后過了邊界，并悄悄地跑了大半個中國。他不得不小心翼翼，因為一旦被抓，便會遭遣返。最后他來到上海并潛入韓國領(lǐng)事館，獲得了政治庇護。

2006年，他只身抵達韓國。面對巨大的文化沖擊，再加上受創(chuàng)后壓力，他不得不入院治療。

七年多之后，申東赫的轉(zhuǎn)變很大。他現(xiàn)時30歲，有了一群朋友，在韓國首爾有了自己的新生活。