北京南站

建筑師：TFP Farrells

地點：中國北京

業(yè)主：中華人民共和國鐵道部

Architect: TFP Farrells

Location: Beijing, PRC

Client: Ministry of Railways(MOR), PRC

北京南站不僅僅是中國新的城際高速網(wǎng)的一個重要的鐵路樞紐，而且還是一個重大的城市建筑和規(guī)劃項目。車站占地31公頃，與周邊的城市景觀渾然一體，擔(dān)當(dāng)著北京的“城市門戶”，其設(shè)計旅客吞吐量為每年1.05億人次，到2030年時將達(dá)到每小時33,280人次的高峰小時流量，每天共計輸送旅客286,500人次。車站的集成式設(shè)計包含多模式交通換乘設(shè)施，采用了垂直分離策略，因而旅客交通流更加直接、方便和高效。

2008年竣工的北京南站是中國新的高速鐵路網(wǎng)中四個重點車站之一，是原北京南站改造和擴(kuò)建工程的關(guān)鍵部分，也是北京市政府重點實施的奧林匹克核心工程。

新北京站距離介于二環(huán)路與三環(huán)路之間的豐臺區(qū)的城市老站0.5公里，是連接北京與天津和上海等長江三角洲城市的一個高速城際交通樞紐，其覆蓋區(qū)域的人口約為2.7億。

雖然車站的規(guī)模巨大，但建筑形式和結(jié)構(gòu)卻十分清晰、簡潔，體現(xiàn)了以人為本的理念，同時還充分考慮了車站內(nèi)各種鐵路線路、車站出入口、候車區(qū)域、換乘區(qū)域的不同營運(yùn)和管理要求：看似簡單的橢圓形車站包含了車站的三個主樓層、兩個用于停車的夾層以及兩幢附屬的門道辦公建筑。 對于如此大的客流量，把進(jìn)站客流和出站客流區(qū)分開來是至關(guān)重要的。在車站的關(guān)鍵設(shè)計目標(biāo)中，讓乘客的上、下車距離和時間達(dá)到最短就是其中之一。

設(shè)計策略還體現(xiàn)了在不同的區(qū)域?qū)崿F(xiàn)各種交通方式之間的無縫連接和轉(zhuǎn)換這一特色：作為一個綜合交通樞紐，該車站具有909個地下停車位、28個出租車落客站、24個出租車上客點（138個排隊上車的空間）和38個公交車站（包括12個下客站點、26個上客站點和48個排隊上車的空間）。橢圓規(guī)劃形狀可以為車站的車輛交通流量提供有效的創(chuàng)新解決方案。高架路網(wǎng)可以調(diào)節(jié)各個方向出入車站區(qū)域的交通流量，并有助于緩解周邊城市干道的擁堵情況。

該車站共有11個島式站臺和2個側(cè)向式站臺，設(shè)有24個供高速列車（450米長）、普速列車（500米長）和城際列車（450米長）使用的站臺面，地下2個島式站臺，設(shè)有4個供地鐵車輛（120米長）使用的站臺面。

由于車站位于現(xiàn)有鐵路用地上，其幾何外形與鐵路軌道一樣，與北京市的主交通路網(wǎng)斜向相交。該車站采用橢圓形的建筑方案使其與周邊的城市景觀渾然一體，形成了北京城的“城市門戶”，并且通過正南北向的景觀人行中軸線把斜向鐵路線和城市網(wǎng)格線有機(jī)地聯(lián)系了起來，與城市肌理遙相呼應(yīng)，提高了進(jìn)出站的方向感、擴(kuò)展了南北廣場以及更廣泛的城市環(huán)境的公共活動空間。

The Beijing South Station is not only a key rail link for China’s new high-speed intercity network but it is also a major urban building and master plan. Situated on a 31 hectare site the Station creates an urban link with the surrounding cityscape and acts as a “Gateway to the City” whilst the station itself is designed for a passenger turnover of 105 million passengers annually by the year 2030, with a peak hour f ow of 33,280 passengers per hour, and a total of 286,500 passenger movements per day. This integrated design encompasses a multi-modal transport interchange facility with a vertical separation strategy designed so that the passenger traff c f ows are direct, convenient and highly eff cient.

Completed in 2008 the new station is one of four major rail stations for the new high-speed rail implemented within China and was a core Olympic project endorsed by the Beijing Government and a critical part of Beijing South Railway Station upgrading and extension project.

Situated half a kilometre from the city's old station in Fengtai district between the second and third ring roads, the new Beijing Station will serve as a high-speed intercity rail link which connects Beijing with the Yangtze River Delta cities of Tianjin and Shanghai, with a catchment area of 270 million people.

As the station is immense in scale, the architectural form and structure are clear, simple and people oriented and take into consideration the dif ferent operational and management of the various rail lines, station entrances, exits, waiting areas and interchange zones taking place within - the station takes a simple ellipse form that accommodates 3 principle f oor levels with two mezzanine f oor levels for car-parking and two ancillary gateway off ce buildings. With such large volumes of passengers it is essential to separate the incoming and departing passengers. One of the main design objectives was to have the passengers board and alight trains with the shortest distance and time possible.

The design strategy also incorporates separate zones catering for seamless integration and transition to different types of vehicular traff c including 909 underground basement car-parking spaces, 28 taxi drop-off bays, 24 taxi pick-up bays with 138 queuing spaces and 38 bus spaces (12 drop-of f spaces and 26 pick-up bays with 48 queuing spaces)as a comprehensive transport hub. The elliptical plan form is effective in providing an innovative solution to the station’s vehicular traff c f ow. The overhead road network can adjust to the traf f c f ows to and from the station area in all directions and assist in relieving the congestion of the surrounding urban arterial roads.

There are a total of 1 1 island platforms and 2 side platforms with 24 platform edges for High-speed trains (450 metres long), Express trains (500 metres long)and Intercity trains (450 metres long); 2 island platforms with 4 platform edges for the Metro trains(120 metres long)in the basement levels.

As the station is located on existing railway land, the elliptical geometry of the site juxtaposes the diagonal fan of the railway tracks to Beijing’s cardinal urban grid. The station scheme creates an urban link with the surrounding cityscape and acts as a “Gateway to the City” with the incorporation of an urban response that unites the railway fan and city grid by inserting a landscaped pedestrian spine in the formal north-south axis that maximizes the sense of approach and creates enhanced public amenity spaces with the northern and southern plazas and the wider city context.

概念設(shè)計 concepts