none,no one與nothing用法知多少

王新方

我們先看幾道高考題:

1. (2006,四川,31)Of all the books on the desk, ____ is of any use for our study.

A. nothing B. no one C. neither D. none

2. (2007,重慶,21)Jim sold most of his things. He has hardly ____ left in the house.

A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something

3. (2007,江西,28)“What do you think of the performance today?” “Great!____ but a musical genius could perform so successfully.”

A. All B. None C. Anybody D. Everybody

4. (2008,福建,21)“How do you find your new classmates?” “Most of them are kind, but ____ is so good to me as Bruce.”

A. none B. no one C. every one D. some one

5. (2008,浙江,9)“Id like some more cheese.” “Sorry,theres ____ left.”

A. some B. none C. a little D. a few

6. (2009,陜西,10)Jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didnt answer ____ of them.

A. other B. any C. none D. some

7. (2009,全國Ⅱ,7)Charles was alone at home,with ____ looking after him.

A. someone B. anyone C. not one D. no one

8. (2009,上海,26)“Wow!Youve got so many clothes.” “But ____ of them are in fashion now.”

A. all B. both C. neither D. none

答案:1.D 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.D

由以上各題可以看出,近幾年高考在代詞考查方面,none,no one和nothing可謂是考查的重點,然而,學生對這三個詞的掌握卻不是很扎實。經常有很多學生將這三個詞混在一起,難以分辨,以至于在單選,寫作等實際運用當中出現(xiàn)不應有的錯誤,下面我就如何區(qū)分三個詞談談我的看法。

1. none?！皼]有一個人(或物)”,用來指代三者或三者以上的人或事物,常與of 短語連用,后接可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞;代替上文中提到的特定的數(shù)量,在簡略答語中回答How many/How much引起的問句。例:

“How many students are there in the classroom?” “None.” “教室里有多少個學生?” “一個學生也沒有?！?/p>

2. no one(nobody)“沒有人”,只能指人,不能指物,不能與of短語連用,用作單數(shù),表示泛指概念。在簡略答語中用來回答who引導的問句。

例:“Who is in the dining-room now?” “No one/Nobody.” “現(xiàn)在誰在餐廳里?” “沒有人?！?/p>

3. nothing“沒有什么,什么也沒有”,只能指物,不與of 短語連用,只泛指“沒有什么事情或東西”,用作單數(shù);在簡略答語中用來回答what引導的問句。

例:“What have you bought?” “Nothing.” “你買了點什么?” “什么也沒買?！?/p>

此外,我們可以通過以下表格來區(qū)分這三個詞

【跟蹤訓練】

1. “How many elephants did you see?” “____”.

A. None B. No one C. Not many ones D. No many

2. The old man has one son and two daughters, ____ treats him well, ____ made him very sad.

A. none of them; it

B. neither of them; which

C. none of whom; which

D. no one of whom; as

3. We couldnt eat in a restaurant because ____ of us had ____ money on us.

A. all; no B. any; no C. none; any D. no one; any

4. I made a call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, ____ of them answered it.

A. either B. none C. neither D. nobody

5. Although they were good students, ____ had a score above 60.

A. someone B. none C. everyone D. no one

【答案】1.A 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.B