常見副詞的區(qū)別用法

歐惠寧

1. still, already與just 的用法

⑴still, already, just 等幾個表示時間的副詞通常位于句中詞實義動詞之前,動詞be、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞之后)。

Hes just left for school. 他剛剛?cè)W(xué)校。

I have already finished my work.

我已經(jīng)做完了工作。

⑵still和already也可位于動詞be、助動詞等之前。

She was still [still was] beautiful at the age of forty. 她到了40歲仍然很美。

I already have told him about it.

我已經(jīng)把情況告訴他了。

⑶still若用于否定句,則總是位于助動詞之前。

I still dont understand what you mean.

我還是不明白你的意思。

⑷另外,still 和already 還可位于句末,表示驚奇。

Are you on page one still? 你還在看第1頁嗎?

Is your mother back already?

你媽媽已經(jīng)回來了嗎?

2. already 和 yet 的區(qū)別

already用于肯定句句中,表示“已經(jīng)”; yet用于否定句句末,表示“還”,用于疑問句句末,表示“已經(jīng)”。

He had already left when I called.

當(dāng)我給他打電話時,他已經(jīng)離開了。

Have you found your ruler yet?

你已經(jīng)找到你的尺子了嗎?

I havent finished my homework yet.

我還沒有完成作業(yè)。

注意:already還可以表示驚奇,驚訝等語氣,常用于疑問句句末。

Has your son gone to school already?

你的兒子已經(jīng)上學(xué)了嗎?(表示很驚訝)

3. very much和very much的區(qū)別

very用于修飾形容詞或副詞的原級; much用于修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級;修飾動詞要用very much。

John is very honest. 約翰非常誠實。

This garden is much bigger than that one.

這個花園比那個大的多。

Thank you very much. 非常感謝你。

注意:副詞very 可以修飾形容詞,但不能修飾動詞。

改錯:(錯)I very like English.

(對)I like English very much.

注意:副詞enough要放在形容詞的后面,形容詞enough放在名詞前后都可。

I dont know him well enough.

There is enough food for everyone to eat.

There is food enough for everyone to eat.

4. so與such的區(qū)別

⑴so修飾形容詞或副詞; such修飾名詞。

My brother runs so fast that I cant follow him.

我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。

He is such a boy. 他是一個這樣的孩子。

⑵so修飾的形容詞后可以有一個單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞,其結(jié)構(gòu)是“so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”。such可以修飾可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞,名詞前可以有形容詞作定語,其結(jié)構(gòu)是“such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”,“such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞”。

He is so clever a boy.=He is such a clever boy. 他是一個如此聰明的孩子。

It is such cold weather. 這么冷的天氣。(正)

It is so cold weather. (誤)

They are such good students.

他們是那么好的學(xué)生。(正)

They are so good students. (誤)

⑶如果可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前有many, few或不可數(shù)名詞前有much, little修飾,用so不用such。例如,so many(如此多的), so few(如此少的)可以加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù); so much(如此多的), so little(如此少的)可以加不可數(shù)名詞。

5. also, too, as well與either的區(qū)別

also, as well, too,用于肯定句,also常用于be動詞,情態(tài)動詞,助動詞之后,行為動詞之前; as well,too用于句末; either用于否定句中,置于句末。

My father is a teacher. My mother is also a teacher.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher as well.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher, too. 我爸爸是一名老師,我媽媽也是。

I cant speak French. Jenny cant speak French, either. 我不會說法語,詹妮也不會。

6. sometime, sometimes, some time與some times的區(qū)別

sometime:某一時間,某一時刻,可指將來,也可指過去; sometimes:有時,不時的; some time:一段時間; some times:幾次,幾倍。

Well have a test sometime next month.

下個月的某一時間,我們要進行一次測試。

Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we are not. 有時我們很忙,有時不忙。

He stayed in Beijing for some time last year.

他去年在北京呆了一段時間。

I have been to Beijing some times.

我去過北京好幾次。

7. ago與before的區(qū)別

ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點的“以前”,常與一般過去時連用,不可以單獨使用; before指過去或?qū)淼哪硶r刻“以前”,也可泛指以前,常和完成時連用,可以單獨使用。

I saw him ten minutes ago.

我十分鐘之前看到的他。

He told me that he had seen the film before.

他告訴我他以前看過這場電影。

8. now, just與just now的區(qū)別

now與一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時、現(xiàn)在完成時連用,意為“現(xiàn)在”; just與現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時連用,表示“剛……”;just now和過去時連用,表示“剛才”。

Where does he live now?他現(xiàn)在住哪里?

We have just seen the film.

我們剛看過這場電影。

He was here just now. 他剛才在這里。