狀 元

句子：今年北京文科狀元是位女生。

誤譯：The liberal arts student who came top in the college entrance examination at Beijing this year is a girl student.

正譯：The liberal arts-oriented student who came top in the college entrance examination at Beijing this year is a girl student. .

解釋：liberal arts student 是“文科學(xué)生”， science student是“理科學(xué)生”，指在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生?！皽?zhǔn)備學(xué)習(xí)文科的學(xué)生”，可以譯為liberal arts-aimed student或 liberal arts-oriented student；“準(zhǔn)備學(xué)習(xí)理科的學(xué)生”，可以譯為science-aimed student或 science-oriented student。

“狀元”的第一個意思是指“科舉考試的殿試一甲第一名”。英語可以譯為Number One Scholar/Champion Scholar in the palace examination?！爸袪钤?，可以譯為to come out first in the palace examination。例如：

1. 這個故事講述了古時候一位書生如何苦讀十年而最終中了狀元。The story tells how a scholar in ancient times studied hard for ten years and finally came out first in the palace examination.

“狀元”的第二個意思是指“高考取得第一名的人”。英語可以譯為student who came top in the college entrance examination。例如：

2. 這位專家說有些高考狀元只是比同齡人更加適應(yīng)應(yīng)試教育。The expert said that some of the students who came top in the college entrance examination are just more adaptable to the exam-oriented education than their peers.

3. 根據(jù)一項調(diào)查，大約40%的高考狀元在大學(xué)畢業(yè)后選擇到國外大學(xué)留學(xué)。

According to a survey, about 40 percent of the students who had come first in the college entrance examinations chose to have their postgraduate studies at overseas universities upon their graduation.

“狀元”的第3個意思是比喻“在某一行業(yè)中成績最突出的人”。例如“行行出狀元”，在英語中有對應(yīng)的說法：

4.Every profession produces its own best.▲

（本欄目供稿：王逢鑫教授）