What是一個特殊疑問詞,常用來詢問“什么”,其用法相當廣泛。對此,筆者就what引導的特殊疑問句進行了剖析,以期能夠幫助同學們掌握該詞的用法。
一、詢問“職業(yè)與身份”
1.What do/does sb.do?
What do/does sb.do?意為“某人是做什么的?”主要用來詢問別人的職業(yè)和身份,其答語可以是“sb.am/is...”,也可以是“sb.do/doessth.”。例如:
—What does your mother do?
—She is an English teacher./She teachesEnglish at school.
——你媽媽是做什么的?
——她是一名英語老師。/她在學校教英語。
2.What am/are/is sb.?
What am/are/is sb.?意為“某人是干什么的?”其答語為“sb.am/is/are...”。例如:
—What is he?
—He is a policeman.
——他是干什么的?
——他是一名警察。
3.What is one’s job?
What is one’s job?意為“某人的工作是什么?”其答語通常是“One’s job is...”。例如:
—What is your job?
—My job is to take care of patients.
——你的工作是什么?
——我的工作是照顧病人。
二、詢問“天氣與季節(jié)”
1.What’s the weather like...?
What’s the weather like...? = How is theweather ...?意為“……天氣怎么樣?”用來詢問天氣情況,其答語則是“It’s +表示天氣的形容詞”等。例如:
—What’s the weather like today?
—It’s sunny.
——今天天氣怎樣?
——天氣晴朗。
2.What does the weather forecast say? 意為“天氣預報怎么說?”,其答語是“The weather forecast says...”。例如:
—What does the weather forecast say?
—The weather forecast says it will be arainy day.
——天氣預報怎么說?
——天氣預報說今天要下雨。
3.What season is it?
What season is it? =What’s the season?意為“這是什么季節(jié)?”主要用來詢問季節(jié),其答語一般是“It’s+季節(jié)名詞”。例如:
—What season is it?
—It’s autumn.
——這是什么季節(jié)?
——這是秋天。
三、詢問“時間與星期”
1.What time is it?
What time is it?=What’s the time?意為“幾點鐘了?”主要用來詢問鐘點時間,其答語是“It’s+鐘點時間”。例如:
—What time is it now?
—It’s twenty past eight.
——現(xiàn)在幾點了?
——八點二十分。
2.What day is it...?=What’s the day...?意為“……是星期幾?”,其答語是“It’s+星期幾”。例如:
—What day is it today?
—It’s Wednesday.
——今天星期幾?
——今天星期三。
—What was the day yesterday?
—It was Monday.
——昨天星期幾?
——昨天星期一。
四、詢問“能力與意愿”
1.What can sb.do...?
What can sb.do?意為“某人能做什么?”用于詢問能力,其答語是“sb.candosth.”。例如:
—What can you do at home?
—I can clean the table.
——你在家能做什么?
——我能擦桌子。
2.What would sb.like to do?
What would sb.like to do?意為“某人想要做什么?”,用來詢問意愿,其答語是“sb.would like(to do)sth.”。例如:
—What would you like to drink?
—I’d like(to drink)a glass of juice.
——你想要喝點什么?
——我想要(喝)一杯果汁。
3.What do/does sb.want to do?
What do/does sb.want to do?意為“某人想要做什么?”其答語是“sb.want/wants to dosth.”。例如:
—What do you want to be when you growup?
—I want to be a scientist.
——你長大想要做什么?
——我想成為一名科學家。
總之,what引導的特殊疑問句形式多樣,可謂是不勝枚舉。在平時學習中,同學們要注意對一些常見的疑問句式進行歸納和整理,并熟記于心。