英文目錄與摘要（EnglishContentsandAbstracts）

[Ancient Mediterranean Civilizations]

Title： Herodotus， Bubastis， and Festival of Bastet in Ancient Egypt………………………………………………/3

Author： Wang Yixin， Professor， Faculty of History， Nankai University， Tianjin， 300350， China.

Abstract： Greek historian Herodotus once traveled to the Nile Delta in Egypt for historical remains and folk

customs. Among his “Egyptian Stories"， the accounts dealing with the city of Bubastis and the cult of the cat goddess Bastet have attracted serious academic attention concerning their reliability. This article first conducts a textual analysis of Herodotus' accounts， and then traces the archaeological finds in Bubastis. On this basis， the article analyzes the reliability of Herodotus’ accounts as well as their historical value. By conclusion， the article points out that although Herodotus's "Egyptian Stories" contain many absurd and incredible contents， his accounts about Bubastis and the cult of the Bastet were mainly based upon eye-witness information or other types of reliable sources. The reliability of those texts has been confirmed by archaeological and scientific investigations and supported by ancient Egyptian texts and iconography.

Key words： Herodotus; Bubastis; Bastet; the Festival of Bastet

Title： The Scrutiny of Magistrates and Athenian Democracy： A Reconsideration of the Arginusae Trial……/15

Author： Xu Lang， Postdoctoral Researcher， Faculty of History， Nankai University， Tianjin， 300350， China.

Abstract： The Arginusae Trial has been long criticized for its illegal procedures， and Theramenes is often considered as the man who was responsible for the unjust execution of the six generals. However， textual analysis suggests that the trial was not entirely a result of emotional impulsiveness， but rather an exercise of magistrate supervision. As an Athenian citizen， a colleague of the executed generals， and a participant of the war， Theramenes played an active role in monitoring the behavior of those generals. The outcome of the Arginusae Trial reveals that relying on citizens to supervise officials could be problematical because the citizens were easy to be misled by somebody. Nonetheless， citizen involvement in overseeing officials is still important for democracy and the rule of law.

Key words： Athens; Generals; Scrutiny of Magistrates; Arginusae Trial

[Byzantine and the European Middle Ages： Carolingian Dynasty Column]

Title： Charlemagne’s Testament………………………………………………………………………………/27

Author： Liu Yin， Associate Professor， Department of History， Zhejiang University， Hangzhou， Zhejiang， 310058，China.

Abstract： Einhard records the testament of Charlemagne in the final section of his Life of Charlemagne. The Frankish political assembly in the spring or summer of 811 was the most possible occasion in which the will was made. In his old age， Charlemagne chose to dispose all his properties to settle the familial issues as well as the imperial order. The context of this testament revels clues about the complicated problems facing the empire in 811 concerning politics， relationship with the church， diplomacy， natural disaster， and moral improvement.

Key words： Charlemagne; Carolingian; testament

Title： On the Battle of Fontenoy………………………………………………………………………………/37

Author： Wang Jinxin， Professor， School of History and Culture， Northeast Normal University， Changchun， Jilin，130024， China.

Abstract： The Battle of Fontenoy is a massive decisive battle with significant influences during the Carolingian civil war in the mid-ninth century. A critical analysis of this battle from aspects such as the Carolingian inheritance system， Louis the Pious’ political arrangements for his successors， and the contradictions among his successors may lead to better understanding of the background， nature， and process of this battle. Because historians of the ninth century and scholars of around the eighteenth century have made some arbitrary comments on this battle， a reexamination of the historical materials about this battle would help to deepen the understanding of the political and social situation of the Carolingian Empire during the ninth century.

Key words： Fontenoy; Lothair; Louis the German; Charles the Bald

Title： The Piety of Louis the Pious： An Examination from Academic History Point of View………………/50

Author： Li Longguo， Associate Professor， Department of History， Peking University， Beijing， 100871， China.

Abstract： The relationship between the Church and the state was a central issue in the Middle Ages. Louis the Pious， as his nickname suggests， exemplifies the complex interplay between these two forces， illustrating both cooperation and conflict in medieval politics. This is why his reputation has fluctuated with shifts in historiography. In modern times， the separation of church and state has contributed to a more negative perception of his reign. However， historians today largely agree that Louis was a capable ruler who effectively used the Church to establish an ideal Christian society. Meanwhile， his character of piety is apparently recognized.

Key words： Louis the Pious; piety; Christian political discourse; mercy and justice

[Imperial China]

Title： A Discussion of the Household Registration Process in the Frontier of the Qin Dynasty……………/59

Author： Xu Tong， Ph.D Candidate， School of History， Northeast Normal University， Changchun， Jilin， 130024，China.

Abstract： Conghu（從戶） and congren（從人） seen in the Qin Bamboo Slips were tightly connected. Conghu refers to the registered households connected to congren， people with backgrounds of former nobilities of the six states who were involved in anti Qin activities. These households obtained their registration status after relocation or exoneration. By taking conghu into the household registration system， the Qin transformed both congren and conghu into taxpayers especially in the newly conquered areas. In QianlingCounty and Dongting County during the Qin Dynasty， conghu became the major group bearing the burden of tax and levies. Conghu existed briefly during the Qin dynasty and eventually disappeared from the household registration system.

Key words： Qin; conghu; congren; newly occupied areas; household registration

Title： Insights and Analysis of the Judicial Official Tingshi in the Qin and Han Dynasties…………………/68

Author： Li Cheng， Ph.D Candidate， School of History and Cultural Heritage， Xiamen University， Xiamen， Fujian，361005， China.

Abstract： During the Qin and Han periods， Tingshi （廷史） was a subordinate official to the major judiciary officer Tingwei （廷尉）. The differences between Tingshi and Tingwei Shi（廷尉史） were often ignored in literature. Actually， Tingshi was a formal official title documented in Qin and Western Han literature， while Tingwei Shi was a term broadly used only after the Eastern Han period. Based upon the newly discovered bamboo and wooden slip documents， the function of Tingshi involves participation of court meeting， overseeing local trials， and supervising local administrative activities， which means that the Tingwei enjoys considerable power in local level. Tingshi， Zushi（卒史）， and Yushi（獄史） were connected in terms of function and career development. They collectively formed up a relatively complete prison administrative officials from central to local level.

Key words： Tingshi; Tingwei Shi; Tingwei; prison administrative officials

Title： The Descendants of the Sages and their Household Status during the Ming Dynasty………….……/81

Author： Ma Zhichao， Lecturer， College of History and Culture， Xinyang Normal University， Xinyang， Henan，464000， China.

Abstract： The descendants of Confucius and his distinguished followers in history were registered as a special category of household in the Ming Dynasty， namely， Ruji（儒籍）. The identification of the descendants of sages took a joint effort among the local bureaucrats， the descendants of the sages， and the central government. Households fell into this category would enjoy certain privileges in terms of taxation， civil service examination， and legal immunity. The privileges of the sage descendants were parts of the status policies of the Ming Dynasty.

Key words： Ming Dynasty; descendants of the sages; sage descendant household; Ruji

Title： Skeptical Argumentation on Shiji Suoyin Engraved by Mao Jin………………………………………/90

Authors： Zhang Xingji， Professor， School of History and Culture， Hainan Normal University， Haikou， Hainan， 571158，China; Wu Ge， M.A. Candidate， School of History and Culture， Hainan Normal University， Haikou， Hainan， 571158， China.

Abstract： Since the publication of the Jigu Ge（汲古閣） versioned single volume edition of Shiji Suoyin（《史記索隱》） in the transitional period from Ming to Qing， it has attracted great academic attention and received some queries from the academic community. Based on a comprehensive collation of the two survived annotated editions of Shiji（《史記》） and the Jigu Ge edition of Shiji Suoyin， this article points out that there are more doubts about this edition than we previously thought. This edition cannot be a version based on a Northern Song large character version as Mao Jin（毛晉） claimed. But rather， it is likely a new edition produced by Mao Jin by piecing up sections from different editions.

Key words： Shiji Suoyin; Sima Zhen; Mao Jin; Jigu Ge

Title： Genealogy Manufacture and Lineage Creation： The Lineage Practice of the Kong Family in Hejian Prefecture during the Qing Dynasty……………………………………………………………………/97

Authors： Wu Peilin， Professor， Institute of Ancient Book Sorting and Research， Sichuan University， Chengdu， Sichuan，610065， China; Wang Yao， Assistant Researcher， Mencius Research Institute， Nishan World Center for Confucian Studies， Zoucheng， Shandong， 273500， China.

Abstract： The ancestor of the Kong（孔） family in Hejian prefecture was actually a Mongolian officer surrendered to the Ming dynasty who was later positioned in Hejian Garrison as a military commander. When Kong family became prospered after generations， members of this family deliberately forgot their true origin and constructed another lineage narrative. They took Kong Yingda（孔穎達(dá)） as their distant ancestor， indicating that they were the descendants of Confucius himself. In the Qing dynasty， the Kong family of clan separated into two groups， namely， banner men and commoners. In 1733， the two branches of the Kongs assembled in Queli（闕里）， the hometown of Confucius， and jointly compiled the common genealogy. Since then， the Kongs in Hejian continued to compile their genealogy and re-shaping the Kong lineage. The genealogy compiling practice of the Kong lineage in Hejian expresses and materializes the collective consciousness of lineage， which may help us to sense the essence of the lineage.

Key words： Genealogy; lineage; Banner men; Kong lineage

Title： A Study of the Civil Service Examination Paper Violation Issue during the Qing Dynasty………/112

Author： Wang Xueshen， Lecturer， Faculty of Humanities， China University of Political Science and Law， Beijing，102249， China.

Abstract： Since the restoration of the provincial civil service examination in 1645， the Qing government began to pay attention to the issue of test paper regulation violation. A series of policies and laws were accordingly made， which were carried to the end of the Qing dynasty. The regarded regulations can be divided into three categories： avoiding mentioning of the characters used by the emperor names， style rules， and miscellaneous. Violated examinees and responsible officials would be punished. Such a policy forced the examinees to manage to be highly concentrated all through the examinations.

Key words： Qing dynasty; civil service examination; test papers; violation of regulations

Title： The Interaction of Ritual and Politics within and beyond the Tribute System： Centered on the Funeral of Emperor Qianlong…………………………………………………………………………/123

Author： Wan Xuehui， Ph.D Candidate， School of Humanities， Tsinghua University， Beijing， 100872， China.

Abstract： The Qing dynasty established relationship with some of its neighbours through the tribute system.Previously， scholars have been focusing on the Qing court's shaping of political and cultural identities through ceremonies and interactions with the neighbouring countries within the framework of the tribute system. This approach might be reconsidered. The funeral of Emperor Qianlong was supposed to be an internal affair of the Qing dynasty. However， the ritual and political interactions triggered by this event transcended the scope of the tribute system. This article focuses on the reactions of three types of states inside and outside the tribute system， namely， Korea， Kazakh and Khorakhan， and Russia， to the death of Emperor Qianlong， and observes the ritual and political interactions between these states and the Qing dynasty.

Key words： Tributary system; Emperor Qianlong; funeral; identification

[Eastern Asian History and Culture]

Title： The Evolution of the Joseon Dynasty's Cognition of Jeong Mongju： Based upon the Information Seen in the Sonjukkyo Steles……………………………………………………………………………/133

Author： Chen Hao， Ph.D Candidate， Faculty of History， Nankai University， Tianjin， 300350， China.

Abstract： Jeong Mongju（鄭夢(mèng)周） was an outstanding politician at the end of Goryeo dynasty. He remained loyal to Goryeo and died for it. At the beginning of the Joseon dynasty， Jeong Mongju was portrayed as a traitor. Later， when the king started to promote the virtue of loyalty， Jeong Mongju became a model of loyalty， and the place where he was killed， Sonjukkyo（善竹橋）， became an important memory space. Beginning in the sixteenth century， the court built several monuments in this place while the scholars contributed high praises in words. This unique place of memory jointly created by the court and the scholars accelerated Jeong Mengju's transformation from a sufferer to a martyr. The integrity of Jeong Mongju became more noble because of the respect of the court， while the virtue of royalty promoted by the court became more glorious because of the respect to Jeong Mengju.

Key words： Sonjukkyo; Jeong Mongju; place of memory

Title： The Historical Writing of Yi Sunsin in the Veritable Records of Joseon Dynasty……………………/142

Author： Sun Zhongqi， Ph.D. Candidate， National Institute for Advanced Humanistic Studies， Fudan University，Shanghai， 200433， China.

Abstract： Seonjo Sillok（《宣祖實(shí)錄》， The Veritable Records of Seonjo ） and Seonjo Sujongsillok，（《宣祖修正實(shí)錄》， Revised Veritable Records of Seonjo） of the Joseon dynasty exhibit significant differences in their historical writing of Yi Sunsin（李舜臣）. The former was compiled during the reign of Gwanghaegun（光海君）， with its records about Yi Sunsin derived from memorials and court discussions. Due to the hasty compilation， this book did not pay attention to shape the image of Yi Sunsin， but rather focused on documenting the relevant historical facts. The latter， compiled during the reigns of Injo（仁祖） and Hyojong（孝宗）， used Jingbirok （《懲毖錄》） and Yi Bun（李芬）'s biography of Yi Sunsin as primary sources， and depicted Yi Sunsin as a perfect general. The factors leading to the re-writing of Yi Sunsin are many， including enhancing Injo's legitimacy， vindicating the image of the Western faction（Seoin）， history writers' preference of Jingbirok， Joseon's ideology and anti-Qing sentiment， and the personal relationship between Yi Sik（李植） and Yi Sunsin's family.

Key words： Joseon dynasty; Yi Sunsin; Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty; Jingbirok; Historical writing English Contents and Abstracts………….……………………………………………………………………/153

Comprehensive Table of Contents of 2024……………………………………………………………………/158

Messages from the Contributors………………………….………………….….….………………/cover page 2

Call for Papers…………….…………..….……………………………………….…..……….……/cover page 3