昆蟲學(xué)

昆蟲學(xué)

來源出版物：Insect Science，2015，22（4）： 495-502

封面介紹：照片示貴州施秉喀斯特地貌。本期報道了施秉喀斯特地區(qū)林地土壤甲螨的群落組成及多樣性的研究（pp. 791-799）。照片由貴州師范大學(xué)羅泰昌于2011年7月攝于貴州施秉上舞陽河景區(qū)。

貴州施秉喀斯特地區(qū)林地土壤甲螨的群落組成及多樣性

張燕，金道超，周玉鳳，等

目的：為了解施秉喀斯特地區(qū)林地土壤甲螨的分布和群落組成特點，明確中國西南喀斯特地區(qū)林地類型對土壤甲螨群落密度、組成和物種多樣性的影響，對該區(qū)林地土壤甲螨的群落結(jié)構(gòu)及多樣性進(jìn)行了的調(diào)查和分析。方法：2012年8月選取了中國西南施秉喀斯特地區(qū)典型生境中的8個樣地，每個樣地9個取樣點，用Berlese-Tullgren裝置分離土樣24 h。多樣性分析采用常見的多樣性指數(shù)；群落相似性分析采用Jaccard相似性系數(shù)（CJ）；群落聚類分析分別采用Marczewski-Steinhaus距離（Cms）和Bray-Curtis距離，應(yīng)用R 2.11程序進(jìn)行類平均法聚類。結(jié)果：中國西南喀斯特8個樣地中土壤甲螨由少數(shù)的優(yōu)勢屬和數(shù)量眾多的稀有屬組成。其中全菌甲螨屬 Perscheloribates（22.48%）和長單翼甲螨屬Protoribates（11.45%）個體數(shù)量最為豐富。長單翼甲螨屬Protoribate、上羅甲螨屬Epilohmannia、小奧甲螨屬Oppiella、小盾珠甲螨屬Suctobelbella和蓋頭甲螨屬Tectocepheus分布廣泛。本區(qū)的甲螨組成（屬級水平）表現(xiàn)出明顯熱帶和亞熱帶地區(qū)特點。在天然常綠落葉闊葉林中，甲螨的個體數(shù)量和種類數(shù)較多，但多樣性不高，而在人工針葉林中甲螨多樣性最高。甲螨群落組成和分布特征多樣，異質(zhì)性高，特別是在天然常綠落葉闊葉林中突出。結(jié)論：施秉喀斯特生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的不同林分影響甲螨的物種多樣性和群落穩(wěn)定性，天然常綠落葉闊葉混交林是甲螨的“避難所”。

甲螨；群落組成；物種多樣性；喀斯特地區(qū)；施秉；中國西南

來源出版物：昆蟲學(xué)報，2015，58（7）： 791-799聯(lián)系郵箱：張燕，zhangysd@163.com

封面介紹：A burying beetle mother（Nicrophorus vespilloides）interacts with and feeds its offspring in the mouse carcass she has prepared. In the brain，there is variation in the differential expression of the eight orthologs of octopamine across different social and reproductive contexts. In this issue，Cunningham et al. show that the different orthologs of octopamine also vary in differential expression in different tissues？ see pages 495-502，photo by Allen J. Moore.

Expression of octopaminergic receptor genes in 4 nonneural tissues in female Nicrophorus vespilloides beetles

Christopher B. Cunningham； Mary K. Douthit； Allen J. Moore

Octopamine regulates the function of many tissues and physiological processes in invertebrates. The expression of octopamine receptor genes has been examined in multiple tissue types in several different insect orders. However，little work has addressed this issue in Coleoptera. Most studies characterize individual genes in different tissue types，but here we describe the expression of 6 octopamine receptor genes in thoracic musculature，oviducts，Malpighian tubules，and fat body of female Nicrophorus vespilloides beetles to characterize both different genes and different tissues within a single study. We then compare the gene expression profiles found in this beetle to other insects to examine the extent to which expression profiles are conserved across insects. We also examine the relative involvement of octopamine verses octopamine/tyramine receptors based on receptor gene expression in each tissue to help elucidate if tyramine plays a role in the regulation of these tissues. We find a high degree of overlap in the expression profile of the 6 genes examined in the thoracic musculature，a moderate amount for the oviducts，and divergent profiles for Malpighian tubules and fat body. Based on expression difference in receptor subtypes，our results also support the suggestion that tyramine is a biogenic amine with physiological actions separate from octopamine.

biogenic amines； Coleoptera； G-protein coupled receptors； quantitative real-time PCR