跟著名著學(xué)續(xù)寫之體育運(yùn)動(dòng)

廣東 王慧琴

從主題語(yǔ)境的分類來(lái)看，體育運(yùn)動(dòng)主題既屬于人與自我，又屬于人與社會(huì)的范疇。體育運(yùn)動(dòng)涉及體育活動(dòng)、體育與健康、體育精神及體育賽事等話題，在讀后續(xù)寫中體育精神和體育賽事話題較為常見(jiàn)。體育精神和體育賽事類文章主要講如何面對(duì)失敗做自我反思，進(jìn)而克服困難，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想；或在同伴的協(xié)助下取得團(tuán)隊(duì)勝利，或在同伴及家人的鼓勵(lì)下取得比賽成功的故事，體現(xiàn)了堅(jiān)持不懈、團(tuán)結(jié)合作、友誼至上的體育精神。

本次讀后續(xù)寫體育運(yùn)動(dòng)類專題將以《因愛(ài)而跑》里面的主角基普桑和崔這對(duì)熱愛(ài)跑步的好朋友參加跑步比賽為例，闡述體育運(yùn)動(dòng)賽事類的三部曲：比賽前的場(chǎng)景，比賽過(guò)程中的拼搏與堅(jiān)持，比賽后的感悟和收獲。

主題微語(yǔ)境

《因愛(ài)而跑》講述了主人公基普桑和他的好友崔對(duì)跑步懷著滿腔熱血，渴望一起“跑”出去，在家人和鄉(xiāng)親們的鼓勵(lì)下，克服重重困難，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了夢(mèng)想的故事。這個(gè)故事體現(xiàn)了堅(jiān)持不懈、團(tuán)結(jié)合作的體育精神。

一、比賽前的場(chǎng)景

比賽前的場(chǎng)景描寫包括對(duì)體育館環(huán)境和場(chǎng)面的描寫，其中重點(diǎn)突出觀眾的熱情、參賽選手的緊張等方面的描寫。

1. Spectators thronged thenoisy stadium. Loudspeakersboomed and crackledas they announced the events. There were so many competitors that several heats had been arranged for each event.Kipsang feltnervousand his stomach seemed to betied in knots.He began tofretthat he wouldn't be able to run.觀眾們聚集在嘈雜的體育場(chǎng)。當(dāng)宣布比賽事宜時(shí)，擴(kuò)音器里傳來(lái)轟轟聲和噼啪聲。因?yàn)閰①愓弑姸啵宽?xiàng)比賽都安排了幾場(chǎng)預(yù)賽?；丈：芫o張，他的胃好像揪成了一團(tuán)。他開始擔(dān)心自己不能跑了。(比賽前的環(huán)境描寫和緊張的心理描寫）

2. Thebright modern stadium was packed withthousands of people, and bandsplayed lively tunesas the teams waited to enter the arena.明亮的現(xiàn)代體育場(chǎng)里擠進(jìn)了幾千人，當(dāng)隊(duì)員們候場(chǎng)時(shí)，樂(lè)隊(duì)演奏著歡快的音樂(lè)。(比賽前的環(huán)境描寫)

3.All around the stadium,everyone was excited as they enjoyed the moment,proud to be there and full of hope and good spirits.整個(gè)體育場(chǎng)內(nèi)，每個(gè)人都興奮不已。他們享受此時(shí)此刻，對(duì)自己能參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)而倍感驕傲，他們滿懷希望、斗志昂揚(yáng)。(比賽前的環(huán)境描寫、表現(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)員自豪的心理描寫和動(dòng)作描寫)

4. With their hearts thumping, they noticed a lit-up area with people sitting around in groups.他們注意到一塊燈火通明的地方，人們?nèi)宄扇旱刈谝黄?，他們的心怦怦跳了起?lái)。（本句先寫心理，后寫視覺(jué)，表現(xiàn)了緊張忐忑的心情）

5. He qualified! His big day arrived at last. Kipsang stood nervously at the starting line.Would he perform well?How could he beat all these world-class runners?Hefelt butterflies fluttering around inside him.他進(jìn)決賽了！這個(gè)重要的日子終于來(lái)了?；丈＞o張地站在起跑線上。他能跑好嗎？他怎么才能打敗其他所有這些世界級(jí)跑步運(yùn)動(dòng)員呢？他感覺(jué)心里七上八下的。（比賽前既期待又緊張的復(fù)雜情緒的心理描寫）

6. All these questions weredistractinghim. Sternly he told himself tobreathe deeply, relax and concentrate. He imagined he was back at home and on his way to school,running fleet-footed like a gazelle.The loudspeakers boomed,announcing each competitor's name in turn.The crowd roared. The athletes took up their starting positions. Kipsang'sheart skipped.這些問(wèn)題正在分散他的注意力。但是他嚴(yán)厲地告訴自己，要深呼吸，要放松，要集中精力。他想象自己回到家鄉(xiāng)，在上學(xué)的路上，像一只羚羊一樣敏捷快速地跑著。擴(kuò)音器響了起來(lái)，依次介紹每名參賽選手的名字。觀眾們歡呼起來(lái)。選手們準(zhǔn)備好起跑姿勢(shì)。基普桑的心都要跳出來(lái)了。（比賽前的心理描寫和環(huán)境描寫）

表1 比賽前的場(chǎng)景

二、比賽過(guò)程中的拼搏與堅(jiān)持

比賽過(guò)程的描寫主要包括表現(xiàn)參賽選手頑強(qiáng)拼搏、堅(jiān)持不懈的動(dòng)作描寫、心理描寫以及觀眾反應(yīng)的描寫等。

1.The starting gun fired and the boysbolteddown the track.Surprisedat how quickly everyone was running, Kipsang had to make a determined effort tostretch outand stay near the front.起跑的槍聲響起，男孩們?cè)谂艿郎巷w奔起來(lái)?；丈：荏@訝，大家竟然都跑得那么快，他只能拼盡全力邁開步向前跑，并保持在前列。（比賽過(guò)程中堅(jiān)持拼搏的動(dòng)作描寫和心理描寫）

2. Every time someone tried to pass him, he justranharder, faster. As the runners rounded the last corner, they allput on another burst of speed. Kipsang went faster still.He felt as thoughhis lungs would burstand his legs would give way beneath him.每次有人想要超過(guò)他，他就跑得更努力、更快些。當(dāng)選手們跑過(guò)最后一個(gè)彎道時(shí)，他們都開始加速?zèng)_刺。基普桑還是比他們跑得更快。他覺(jué)得他的肺好像快要爆炸，雙腿也開始發(fā)軟。（比賽過(guò)程中與對(duì)手頑強(qiáng)拼搏的動(dòng)作描寫和心理描寫）

3. Kipsang could feel the other runners in the pack close on his heels, but he wasdeterminednot to let anyone pass. Suddenly, someone behind himclippedhis heels. Kipsangstumbled. Helurched forward,staggered,but quickly adjusted his strideto keep his balance. Runners tried to overtake him. Hequickened his paceand ran steadily onwards,feeling his heart pounding as he strode forwar D.基普桑能感覺(jué)到隊(duì)伍里其他選手們正緊跟在他的身后，但是他下決心絕不能讓他們超過(guò)去。突然，后面有人撞了一下他的腳踝，基普桑的身體向前打了個(gè)趔趄，步伐也不穩(wěn)了，但是他迅速調(diào)整步伐以保持平衡。選手們一直想要超過(guò)他。他加快了步伐，繼續(xù)穩(wěn)步向前，當(dāng)他大步地向前跑時(shí)，他感到自己的心怦怦直跳。（比賽過(guò)程中遇到困難，繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持的動(dòng)作描寫）

4. Quickly Kipsangresponded,accelerated,and again stepped up his pace,striding outahead of the pack,faster and faster.He felt the wind in his face and heardthe roar of the crowd.基普桑迅速做出回應(yīng)，他加速并加大了步伐，在隊(duì)伍前面大步跑著，越跑越快。他感覺(jué)到風(fēng)吹在他的臉上，聽到人群的歡呼聲。（比賽過(guò)程中與對(duì)手頑強(qiáng)拼搏的一系列的動(dòng)作描寫以及觀眾的反應(yīng)）

5. The finish line was not far away now.Could he hang on? His legs started to ache andhis chest tightened. He couldhardly breathe. 現(xiàn)在，終點(diǎn)線已經(jīng)不遠(yuǎn)了。他能堅(jiān)持到最后嗎？他的雙腿開始疼痛，他的胸腔發(fā)緊。他簡(jiǎn)直快不能呼吸了。（比賽過(guò)程中遇到困難的心理描寫和動(dòng)作描寫）

6. Kipsang's thighs screamed in agony as he gasped for breath.If onlyhe could hold on. Somebody close behindtried to passhim. Kipsang tried with all his might. He had to stay in front.Hedug deep and forced his legs further,harder faster.One final effort.Helunged forward over the line,together with the other athlete.基普桑大口喘息著，他的大腿像在痛苦地尖叫。他要是能堅(jiān)持下去就好了。緊隨其后的人想要超過(guò)他?；丈Ｆ幢M了全力。他必須保持在前面。他拼盡全力，迫使雙腿繼續(xù)向前跑，跑得更努力也更快。最后一搏。他和另一名運(yùn)動(dòng)員一起沖破終點(diǎn)線。（比賽過(guò)程中克服困難，堅(jiān)持拼搏的動(dòng)作描寫）

表2 比賽過(guò)程中選手及觀眾的表現(xiàn)

三、比賽后的感悟和收獲

1.But hekept pushing,harder and harder,until at last he crossed the line just ahead of the others. He wasoverjoyed. He had done it! His heart and his headwere pounding,but he had won his first race and he was in the final.但是他繼續(xù)向前跑，跑得越來(lái)越用力，直到最后他在其他人之前率先沖過(guò)了終點(diǎn)線。他欣喜若狂。他做到了！他的心和腦袋都在咚咚地響，但是他贏得了他的第一場(chǎng)比賽，并且進(jìn)入決賽了。（比賽后激動(dòng)的心理描寫）

2. Kipsang tried to catch his breath. His legswobbled weakly.Anxiouslyhe waited for the result.Other runnersshook his hand or pattedhim on the shoulder,but hewasn't sureif he couldmanage to hold on.基普桑努力地喘息。他的雙腿虛弱地顫抖著。他焦急地等待比賽結(jié)果。其他選手們跟他握手，或是拍拍他的肩膀，但是他不知道自己能不能堅(jiān)持住。（動(dòng)作描寫和心理描寫，增加了比賽后等待結(jié)果的緊張感）

3. Kipsang had won the race. He had won a gold medal! His heart almostburst with joy.基普桑贏得了比賽。他贏得了一塊金牌！他心中充滿了喜悅。（比賽后獲得金牌時(shí)欣喜若狂的心理描寫）

4.What a wonderful feeling!How greatit was to be there! Kipsang's dream had come true. He was doing what he loved to do. He had done his best and had won a gold medal.這種感覺(jué)多么奇妙??！能出現(xiàn)在那里真是太棒了！基普桑的夢(mèng)想實(shí)現(xiàn)了。他做著自己熱愛(ài)的事情。他拼盡了全力，贏得了一塊金牌。（比賽后獲得金牌的喜悅心情）

5.Kipsang's heartsang with happinessand histhoughts flew back tohis home,his family, and his little village so far away.How proudthey would be. Kipsang remembered how the people of his village had given him the chance to race and had helped him to get starte D.Now he would be able to take his gold medal back home to show it to them.The music came to an end, and the winnersheld up their medals and waved to the cheering crowd.基普桑內(nèi)心喜悅地歌唱著，他的思緒飛回到家中，想起他的家人和那個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的小村莊。他們?cè)摱嗝打湴涟　；丈Ｓ浀盟亦l(xiāng)的人們給了他比賽的機(jī)會(huì)，并且?guī)椭~出了第一步?，F(xiàn)在他能把他的金牌帶回家鄉(xiāng)給他們看了。音樂(lè)結(jié)束了，獲獎(jiǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)員們高舉獎(jiǎng)牌，向喝彩的觀眾們揮手。（比賽后的感悟）

表3 比賽后的表現(xiàn)

句式微練習(xí)

一、比喻句

構(gòu)建續(xù)寫情節(jié)時(shí)，運(yùn)用比喻，使描述更生動(dòng)形象，增強(qiáng)感染力，如：

He imagined he was back at home and on his way to school,running fleet-footed like a gazelle.他想象自己回到家鄉(xiāng)，在上學(xué)的路上，像一只羚羊一樣敏捷快速地跑著。

即學(xué)即練

1. So dynamic was he that he swam more swiftly than ever. With his arms waving, he cut through the water smoothly____________________（像飛魚一樣）.

2. They____________________（像劍魚一樣猛沖過(guò)去）, shortening the distance between Mike and them.

二、細(xì)化動(dòng)作描寫

在描寫動(dòng)作時(shí)，要學(xué)會(huì)細(xì)化動(dòng)作，運(yùn)用并列句，形成動(dòng)作鏈，增強(qiáng)畫面感。我們可以使用“sb did A,B and/but C”這一句式，如：

He lurched forward, staggered, but quickly adjusted his stride to keep his balance. 他的身體向前打了個(gè)趔趄，步伐也不穩(wěn)了，但是他迅速調(diào)整步伐以保持平衡。

即學(xué)即練

1.When she finished,her coach____________________（跑過(guò)來(lái)抱著她）.

2.Sally____________________（彎腰系鞋帶，聽到）her mother whispering in her ear.

三、sb did sth,doing sth 或doing sth,sb did sth

使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，可使動(dòng)作描寫更形象生動(dòng)，更具有畫面感，如：

Quickly Kipsang responded, accelerated, and again stepped up his pace, striding out ahead of the pack,faster and faster.基普桑迅速做出回應(yīng)，他加速并加大了步伐，在隊(duì)伍前面大步跑著，越跑越快。

即學(xué)即練

1.____________________（他覺(jué)得自己落后了）,he realized his heart pounded frantically and his mind went blank.

2. In order to compete for the first place, everyone put all their strength into it,____________________（希望立刻跑到終點(diǎn)獲得第一）.

四、副詞的恰當(dāng)使用

副詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)，表達(dá)人物做某個(gè)動(dòng)作的原因、結(jié)果或狀態(tài)，或放在句首，或位于句末，增強(qiáng)感染力，使描述更生動(dòng)形象。常用的高頻副詞有tightly、curiously、eagerly、excitedly、silently、fiercely、firmly、slightly、impatiently、restlessly、cheerfully 等。在體現(xiàn)動(dòng)作的迅速時(shí)，可使用以下修飾語(yǔ)：swiftly、suddenly、immediately、without pausing、without delay、without hesitation等。

His legs wobbled weakly. Anxiously he waited for the result.他的雙腿虛弱地顫抖著。他焦急地等待比賽結(jié)果。

即學(xué)即練

1.____________________（令人驚訝的是）,he found his body lighter and stronger than usual.

2.____________________（興奮地）, he waved his fist and cheered as loud as he coul D.

五、with 結(jié)構(gòu)

描述動(dòng)作或場(chǎng)景時(shí)，用with結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)，使描述更生動(dòng)。

With their hearts thumping, they noticed a lit-up area with people sitting around in groups.他們注意到一塊燈火通明的地方，人們?nèi)宄扇旱刈谝黄穑麄兊男拟疋裉似饋?lái)。

即學(xué)即練

1.I found Cassie run away____________________（臉上流著淚）.

2.Eventually,____________________（他的心怦怦直跳）,he reached the destination.

情境微仿寫

運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)400米接力賽片段的描寫

情節(jié)構(gòu)思：1.比賽前的場(chǎng)景描寫，同學(xué)們的期待，參賽選手的蓄勢(shì)待發(fā)；2.比賽開始后，選手們你追我趕，奮力拼搏；3.比賽結(jié)束后的歡呼。

The exciting 400-metre relay finally began. The students surrounded the entire playground, 1.____________________（瘋狂地歡呼吶喊著）. 2.____________________（運(yùn)動(dòng)員就位后，老師舉起他的手，發(fā)出命令，然后開槍）.On hearing the “bang” sound,3.____________________（所有的賽跑者都像離弦的箭一般沖出去）. The first athlete quickly approached the next person and managed to pass the relay baton into his han D.Once getting the baton,4.____________________（第二個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員緊緊抓住接力棒，一眨眼就全速跑了出去，然后把接力棒傳給了第三個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員）.Soon,the last runner set off in the blink of an eye.I didn't recognize him until he got closer.It was Li Hua—a classmate from my class! Suddenly, a great cheer went up from the crowd when he crossed the finish line and ran towards us with a glowing smile.

語(yǔ)篇微演練

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫文章，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。注意續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。

主題1 鄉(xiāng)村越野賽跑

（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route（路線）through thick evergreen forest.

I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years ol D. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.

What was wrong?He had worked so hard for this event!

I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happene D.“I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably.“I gave him the choice to run or not,and let him decide.”

I bit back my frustration（懊惱）.I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forwar D.

David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular ki D. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing.That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer—that's all.David had not missed a single practice,and although he always finished his run long after the other children,he did always finish.As a special education teacher at the school,I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.

Paragraph 1:

We sat down next to each other,but David wouldn't look at me.____________________

________________________________________

Paragraph 2:

I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners._____________

________________________________________

主題2 薩莉的足球賽

The football season was almost over. Sally had been playing football all summer. She really enjoyed running around with the other players in her bright orange uniform, chasing the black and white ball across the grassy fiel D. As much as she tried, though, Sally still had not scored one single goal.

Before each game, they had a practice session. The coach showed Sally and her team how to pass the ball to each other and take shots at the goal. Sally was pretty good at passing the ball, but even during practices, she couldn't kick the ball past the goalkeeper. She wondered if she should quit football and join a different clu C.

“Don't give up,” said the coach.But it was half-time,and Sally was feeling frustrate D.She was trying!Every time she got a chance to kick the ball,it would go in the wrong direction or a player from the other team would take control of it. She sipped at her cola and pouted(噘嘴).

The break was over and the referee blew his whistle to start the game again. The two teams walked back onto the field, both determined to win. Sally bent, tied up her shoelace and heard her mother whispering in her ear,“Stay focuse D. Keep your eyes on the ball.Look for an opportunity to get the ball.You can do it.”

Sally stood up and took a deep breath.Even if she didn't get one goal all summer,she knew that she had tried her best. That was something to be proud of. So she smiled at her mother and headed to her position.The whistle blew,and the game continue D.

The score was tied with one goal each.The green team was pretty good,but Sally's orange team was fast. The girls' ponytails bounced as they ran, with many feet kicking frantically (拼命地) at the ball when it came near them. It was a rather boring game and Sally's heart was no longer in it.

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Sally started daydreaming about joining other school clubs.______________________

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Recalling her mother's words,Sally was woken from her daydream.________________

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