Module 6 War and Peace

詞匯短語園地

1. abandon? ?v.? ?放棄，拋棄

（1）abandon sb to sth? （不顧責任、義務等）遺棄某人給……

The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of being abandoned to the care of strangers.

研究表明，老人十分害怕被丟給陌生人照管。

（2）abandon sth （to sb/sth）? ?不得已而放棄/舍棄

They had to abandon their lands and property to the invading forces.

他們不得不放棄土地和財產(chǎn)，讓侵略軍占領(lǐng)。

（3）abandon oneself to sth? ?陷入/沉湎于某種感情

He abandoned himself to despair.

他陷入絕望。

2. drown? ?v.? ?淹死，使溺死

Two children drowned after falling into the river.

兩個孩子掉進河里淹死了。

（1）drown sth in sth? ?把某物浸泡在……里

The fruit was drowned in cream.

水果在奶油里泡過。

（2）drown sb/sth out? ?壓過/蓋過某人/某物

She turned up the radio to drown out the noise from next door.

他開大了收音機的音量以壓過隔壁房間的吵鬧聲。

3. occupy? ?v.? ?占領(lǐng)；使用，占用（空間、

面積、時間等）

The capital has been occupied by the rebel army.

叛軍已占領(lǐng)了首都。

How much memory does the program occupy？

這個程序占用了多少內(nèi)存？

4. rescue? ?v.? ?營救，拯救

rescue sb/sth （from sth/sb）（從某事中/某人手里）救出某人/某物

He rescued a child from drowning.

他救起了一名落水兒童。

比較：save和rescue的區(qū)別

兩者均可表示“救”。save屬于普通用詞，使用廣泛，主要指把處于危險或危機狀態(tài)中的人或物解救出來；而rescue則強調(diào)動作的迅速，指從直接的或迫在眉睫的危險中解救出來。兩者常可換用。

The brave firemen saved （rescued） people from a burning house.

勇敢的消防人員從燃燒的房子里把人救了出來。

The house was rescued （saved） from demolition.

這所房子保住了，可以不拆。

5. drop? ?vt.? ?扔下，投下

vi.? ?掉下，落下；（液體）滴落，

滴下；（價格、勁勢等）下降，

下跌；累倒，累垮

I dropped the letter into the mailbox.

我將信投入信箱。

Tears dropped from her eyes.

淚水從她眼中滴落下來。

The price of coffee has dropped.

咖啡的價格已經(jīng)降下來了。

drop back/behind? ?后退，落后，

drop by/in/round = drop in on sb? ?順便訪問，順便進入

drop off? ?打盹兒，小睡

drop out （of sth）? ?不再參加，退出，脫離

6. mess? ?n.? ?混亂的局面，麻煩，困境；雜亂

The economy is in a mess.

經(jīng)濟陷入了困境。

The whole situation is a mess.

整個情況都是一團糟。

7. worthwhile? ?adj.? ?值得做的，有價值的，

有用的

The smile on her face made it all worthwhile.

她臉上的笑容使得這一切都非常值得。

（1）worthwhile to do sth? ?值得去做某事

It is worthwhile to include really high-quality illustrations.

把真正高質(zhì)量的插圖包括進去是值得的。

（2）worthwhile doing sth? ?值得做某事

It didn’t seem worthwhile writing it all out again.

把它都再寫出來似乎不必要。

8. encourage? ?v.? ?鼓舞，鼓勵

（1）encourage sb in sth? ?在某事上鼓勵某人

My parents have always encouraged me in my choice of career.

在我選擇職業(yè)時父母總是鼓勵我。

（2）encourage sth in sb/sth? ?在某人/某物上助長某事

They claim that some computer games encourage violent behavior in young children.

他們聲稱有些電腦游戲助長兒童的暴力行為。

9. arm? ?v.? ?裝備，武裝

arm oneself/sb with sth? ?用某物武裝自己/某人

The crowd armed themselves with sticks and stones.

群眾拿起棍棒和石塊武裝自己。

She had armed herself for the meeting with all the latest statistics.

為了這次會議，她準備了所有最新的統(tǒng)計資料。

10. make a breakthrough? ?取得重大突破（進展）

The key to the problems is to make a breakthrough with a clear aim.

有針對性地尋找突破是解決這些問題的關(guān)鍵。

11. pick up? ?停下來讓某人搭車（船等）；

救起

He picked me up a few days later for a movie and dinner.

幾天后他來接我，我們一起看電影，吃晚飯。

幽默小故事

One day， a father and his little son were going home. At this age， the boy was interested in all kinds of things and was always asking questions. He asked， “What’s the meaning of the word ‘drunk’， Dad？” “Well， my son，” his father replied， “l(fā)ook， there are two standing policemen. If I regard the two policemen as four， then I am drunk.”

“But， Dad，” the boy said， “there’s only ONE policeman！”

跟蹤導練（一）

閱讀理解

On May 1， 1926， Ford Motor Company became one of the first American companies to adopt a five-day， 40-hour week. It was something workers and labor unions had been calling for. However， the five-day workweek was to increase productivity. With more time and money， workers were expected to buy and use the products they were making. Manufacturers soon followed Ford’s lead， and the Monday-to-Friday workweek became standard practice.

Since then， everything has changed but the hours. Many people worked longer， which severely influenced health and well-being， as well as the environment. Until the Second World War， it was common for one person in a family， usually the oldest male， to work full-time. Women gradually made up 42 percent of the world’s full-time workforce. Later， technology made lots of work unnecessary， with computers and robots doing many tasks previously performed by humans.

Well into the 21st century， we continue to work the same long hours as 20th century laborers， using up more of Earth’s supply to produce more goods that we must keep working to buy， use and replace in a seemingly endless cycle of hard work and consumption. It’s time to pause and consider better ways to live like shifting from fossil-fueled lifestyles with which our consumer-based workweeks are connected.

The UK New Economics Foundation argues that a standard 21-hour workweek would solve a number of interconnected problems： overwork， unemployment， over-consumption， high carbon emissions， low well-being， and the lack of time to live sustainably， to care for each other， and simply to enjoy life. Economic systems that require constant growth on a finite （有限的） planet make no sense. It’s time for a change in our economic thinking.

1. Why did Henry Ford shorten the workweek？

A. To increase efficiency. B. To cut workers’ salaries.

C. To end conflicts with workers. D. To create more job opportunities.

2. What happened in the workforce after World War II？

A. Job positions were created due to technology.

B. Technology let people work more flexibly.

C. The oldest male had to work longer.

D. More women got full-time jobs.

3. What can we infer from Paragraph 3？

A. The 2lst century sees the longest working hours.

B. Longer working hours means better consumption ability.

C. Stopping our way of life can change the present workweek.

D. The cycle of hard work and consumption should be changed.

4. What will a 21-hour workweek bring about according to the last paragraph？

A. Some companies will be closed down. B. Economic growth will be slow.

C. Economic systems can work better. D. People can enjoy life more.

閱讀七選五

We all wish we had just a bit more time. Just think what you could do with an extra hour or two each day： you could finally stick to an exercise routine， write your novel， or learn the guitar and so on.

1 But I can help you find more hours in your day for the things that really matter.

◆ Get out of bed earlier.

If you normally get up at 7：30 am， try getting up at 7：00 am. That half-hour might not sound like much， but it could be time that you use to exercise， to read that book you’ve been meaning to finish. 2

◆ Do the important tasks first.

Once you get to work， get the important ones done first. You can afford to spend at least an hour working on big， important tasks rather than on all those little urgent ones. 3 The urgent tasks will still get done， and you won’t miss the important ones.

◆ Reduce interruptions.

Constant interruptions don’t just eat up time; they also break your concentration. When you’ve got a big task to focus on， let your calls go to voicemail. 4 Wearing headphones makes it less likely that people will try to strike up a conversation.

◆ 5

When you’re working， work. If your concentration is slipping， take a proper break. And if you’re facing a difficult task， try breaking it into small steps or stages so that it’s easier to deal with.

A. Stay focused on your work.

B. Take breaks when necessary.

C. You want to make your day longer.

D. If you have an office door， close it.

E. If you work like this， you’ll usually save time.

F. I can’t magically make all your days 25 hours long.

G. Or simply use it to get your day off to a calm and organized start.

1. _________? 2. _______ 3.______? 4. ______ 5. ______

跟蹤導練（二）

完形填空

I have decided to test myself every day in a different way. Today’s test： practice the art of 1 . It is something so simple， but so 2 to those who need a kind heart and a good listener. Sometimes， we all need someone to listen to us with no 3 . We just want to be 4 . Therefore， I really made sure that I listened to everyone who spoke to me throughout the day， 5 I was busy.

As I was 6 in the break room today， I had a conversation with a colleague I 7 talked to. She always looked like a（n） 8 lady， but today she seemed very troubled. So I sat down with my lunch and just listened. She told me about her unlucky 9 who was killed in a car crash last year， and her 10 daughter who struggled with pain every day. I listened and made her 11 much better. At the end of the 12 ， I gave the single mother a big warm hug and told her how 13 she was. Of course， we 14 friends after our first talk.

What an inspiration she is！ 15 with so many difficulties and frustrations， she still comes to work with a positive attitude， a 16 to succeed and a big smile every day.

I believe everyone 17 a ray of sunshine in their life—someone that will give them a big warm 18 and say， “You’re amazing！”

I am a dreamer， but I move forward while I dream. My dream is to 19 happiness. Tomorrow， I will write “You are beautiful！” on small cards， hide them everywhere， and make those I work with 20 them by chance and with joy.

1. A. listening B. speaking C. reading D. writing

2. A. complex B. funny C. common D. important

3. A. doubt B. concern C. opinions D. answers

4. A. seen B. heard C. known D. taught

5. A. ever since B. even though C. now that D. as if

6. A. drinking B. kidding C. sitting D. lying

7. A. never B. frequently C. always D. sometimes

8. A. lucky B. positive C. humorous D. outgoing

9. A. mother B. father C. husband D. son

10. A. sick B. lazy C. careless D. naughty

11. A. eat B. feel C. behave D. recover

12. A. conversation B. lunch C. day D. test

13. A. kind B. beautiful C. amazing D. boring

14. A. helped B. became C. encouraged D. comforted

15. A. Faced B. Shocked C. Confused D. Defeated

16. A. way B. will C. duty D. chance

17. A. has B. discovers C. appreciates D. needs

18. A. hand B. welcome C. hug D. home

19. A. share B. seek C. enjoy D. spread

20. A. find B. open C. receive D. read

跟蹤導練（三）

閱讀理解

A

With the average American going through more than 700 pounds of paper per year， many firms are looking for ways to discourage their employees from over-using the office printer.

Toshiba American Business Solutions has come up with an alternative idea. It has introduced the e-STUDIO4508LP， a printer that gives users the option to print with erasable toner （墨粉）—allowing a single piece of paper to be reused several times.

“To reuse a piece of paper， the printer basically uses the same process as a normal printer， but in reverse （反過來），” said Bill Melo， chief marketing executive for Toshiba America Business Solutions. “Paper printed with the erasable toner is fed back into the printer， superheated， and the toner gets removed and put in a discard （丟棄） tank.”

There are a couple of catches. All of the printouts using the erasable toner have to be in blue ink， which is the only color in which erasable toner is now available. And the company said that people may want to stop reusing the printouts after five times through the eraser because small traces of erased text will build up over time.

The $15，420 printer is aimed at offices and schools， where there are often large numbers of printouts that outlive their usefulness quickly. With the erasable toner， it’s possible to load any short-lived handouts back onto the printer to be erased and then reused.

Still， convincing customers to commit to erasable toner isn’t always easy. Melo said not all its customers were happy about only having the erasable option.

“The model，” Melo said， “should better serve the needs of those who want to be environmentally conscious but also may need something more permanent on occasion.”

1. What is special about Toshiba’s printer？

A. It’s low-priced. B. It’s fashionable. C. It’s lightweight. D. It’s eco-friendly.

2. What is the key to making the printer work？

A. A discard tank. B. Light-colored ink.

C. Special writing paper. D. A high enough temperature.

3. What does the underlined word “catches” in Paragraph 4 mean？

A. Theories. B. Problems. C. Differences. D. Characteristics.

4. How did the public respond to the printer？

A. They asked for more patterns. B. Some expressed dissatisfaction.

C. Some worried about its recycling. D. They considered it hard to operate.

B

There was much excitement last year when the UK government announced it will not allow the sale of new petrol and diesel cars from 2030. But is that easier said than done？ The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off. Currently， battery life is an issue—a fully charged battery won’t take you as far as a full tank of petrol. There are also limited numbers of charging points to plug an EV into.

Of course， technology is always improving. Some of the biggest tech companies， like Google and Tesla， are spending huge amounts of money developing electric cars. And most of the big car manufacturers are now making them too. Colin Herron， an expert on low-carbon vehicle technology said， “The big leap forward will come with solid state batteries， which will appear first in mobile phones and laptops before they progress to cars. These will charge more quickly and give cars a bigger range.”

Cost is another issue that may prevent people switching to electric power. But some countries offer encouragement， such as cutting prices by reducing import taxes， and not charging for road tax and parking. Some also provide exclusive lanes （專用車道） for electric cars to be driven on， overtaking traditional cars which might be stuck in jams.

But Colin Herron warns that “electric motoring” doesn’t mean a zero-carbon future. “It’s emission-free motoring， but the car has to be built， the battery has to be built， and the electricity does come from somewhere.” Maybe it’s time to think about making fewer journeys or using public transport.

5. What does the author think of the UK’s announcement？

A. Reasonable. B. Unrealistic. C. Cheerful. D. Unbelievable.

6. What does Herron intend to stress about developing electric cars in Paragraph 2？

A. More money is needed. B. Google and Tesla are the producers.

C. More tech companies are needed. D. Solid state batteries are the key.

7. Why can electric cars avoid traffic jams in some countries？

A. They always run fast. B. They can overtake buses.

C. They have no speed limit. D. They have their own lanes.

8. What can be the best title for the text？

A. The Future of Electric Cars B. Ways to Achieve Zero-carbon

C. The Disadvantages of Traditional Cars D. The Big Leap in Electric Car Technology

跟蹤導練（四）

完形填空

I was on a plane returning home to Dallas， Texas after completing my duty in Vietnam. There were no hometown parades for us veterans （退伍軍人） from that 1 war and I had been warned about the unfriendliness from our countrymen at that time. 2 ， I was just trying to get home without incident.

I sat， in uniform， in a window seat， avoiding eye contact with my fellow 3 . No one was sitting in the seat next to me， which 4 my loneliness. A little girl， not more than 10 years old， suddenly 5 in the passage. She smiled and， without a word， 6 handed me a magazine. I accepted her 7 together with her quiet “Welcome home”. I turned to the window and wept. Her small 8 of caring was the first I had 9 in a long time.

I believe in the 10 between strangers when we reach out to one another.

Today， that young girl 11 has no memory of what happened years ago. I like to think of her as having grown up， continuing to 12 others and teaching her children to do the same. I know she might have been told to give me the “ 13 ” by her parents. It doesn’t matter why she gave me the magazine. The 14 thing is she did.

From then on， I have followed her 15 and tried， in different ways for 16 people， to do the same for them. I know that my 17 since then are all due to that little girl. Her offer of a magazine to a tired， scared and 18 soldier has echoed throughout my 19 . I have to believe that my small gestures have the same 20 on others.

1. A. fair B. great C. unpopular D. unexpected

2. A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Meanwhile

3. A. colleagues B. employers C. customers D. passengers

4. A. resulted from B. made up C. got rid of D. added to

5. A. shouted B. appeared C. jumped D. waved

6. A. anxiously B. rudely C. shyly D. sadly

7. A. decision B. offering C. apology D. invitation

8. A. idea B. discussion C. gesture D. exchange

9. A. experienced B. imagined C. predicted D. realized

10. A. coincidence B. connection C. competition D. conversation

11. A. strangely B. surprisingly C. undoubtedly D. unfortunately

12. A. protect B. contact C. touch D. judge

13. A. gift B. lesson C. reminder D. reward

14. A. important B. unusual C. right D. interesting

15. A. advice B. dream C. example D. requirement

16. A. old B. wounded C. homeless D. different

17. A. worries B. attempts C. thoughts D. emotions

18. A. unhealthy B. poor C. lonely D. disappointed

19. A. life B. duty C. career D. journey

20. A. stress B. effect C. threat D. consequence

跟蹤導練（五）

閱讀理解

Norway’s capital Oslo will become the first city in the world to use wireless （無線的） charging systems for electric taxis， hoping to make recharging quick.

“The project will use induction （電磁感應） technology， with charging plates in the ground at taxi stands where taxis line up to wait for passengers， ” Finnish company Fortum， said on Thursday.

“Receivers will be in a taxi， and when it drives up to the charger， a wireless charging process will automatically start. This will allow the taxis to charge in a place where they would anyway be waiting for new customers，” says Annika Hoffner， head of Fortum. From 2023 all taxis in Oslo will have to be zero emission （排放） and Norway wants all new cars to be zero emission by 2025. Among other nations， Britain and France have similar goals for 2040.

Fortum is working with US firm Momentum Dynamics and the city of Oslo on the system. It said the greatest difficulty with electrification of taxis is that it takes too much time for drivers to find a charger， and then wait for the car to charge.

“Time equals money when taxi drivers are working，” said OleGudbrann Hempel， head of Fortum’s public charging network in Norway.

Norway has the world’s highest rate of electric car ownership， partly thanks to measures such as free or discounted road fees， parking and charging points. If you buy an electric car， you do not need to pay the same taxes （稅） as those on traditional cars， which are very high in the country. In 2018， almost one in three new cars sold was electric. With just five million people， Norway bought 46，143 new electric cars， making it the biggest market in Europe.

1. What does Hoffner tell us about the charging system？

A. Its problem. B. Its advantage.

C. Its possible customers. D. Its passengers’ reaction.

2. What is the problem with electric taxis according to Fortum？

A. They waste too much of drivers’ time. B. They sometimes cause safety problems.

C. They cannot run as fast as traditional taxis. D. They are not as comfortable as traditional taxis.

3. What can we infer about Norway from the last paragraph？

A. Electric cars are expensive in it.

B. It has the biggest car market in Europe.

C. Taxes on traditional cars are increasing in it.

D. It is trying to encourage the use of electric cars.

4. Why does the author write this text？

A. To present the electric car market in Oslo.

B. To introduce an original program in Oslo.

C. To compare electric cars with traditional cars.

D. To show the wide use of electric charging systems.

選詞填空

用方框里單詞的正確形式填空，使其句意完整。有兩個詞是多余的。

abandon declare drown invade surrender encourage

occupy mess rescue shock wound strategy

1. The _______?enemies tore down the people’s houses by force.

2. Bad habits which will do you harm should_______ .

3. Many families _______ when the river burst its banks.

4. It would be better to use _______ than to attack by force.

5. Thousands of civilians have been killed or severely _______ in the terrible battle.

6. I was _______when I heard about your accident.

7. After six hours on the roof， the gunman _______ to the police.

8. The child _______ from the fire， but died soon after that for terrible burns.

9. They _______ their support for the project.

10. He gets _______ by the task at present.

語法填空

A Relay Event Brings Diverse Cultures Together

When Herman Kambugu received the good news he was expecting， he did something unusual. He ran for 32 km in 1 （celebrate）. Kambugu， who works for the Standard Chartered Bank in Uganda， was among the over 86，000 employees around the world who had attempted 2 （take） part in a relay across Belt and Road countries as a way to see how the Belt and Road Initiative （“一帶一路”倡議） is developing. Kambugu and his coworkers visited 44 destinations along the Belt and Road routes， 3 helped them understand the initiative better.

Kambugu 4 （witness） how the Belt and Road Initiative is changing life for 5 better in East Africa so far. Serena Leung from the Hong Kong office said 6 she had seen during her journey impressed 7 （she）. In some places， people greeted them in Mandarin. They spoke it

8 （fluent） than some people from Hong Kong， she said jokingly.

“By running together， we run further， ” added Therese Neo， a customer manager from the Singapore office. As she saw it， the countries 9 （participate） in the Belt and Road Initiative were like the runners. When they join 10 （force）， they have a better shared future.

1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______

6. _______ 7. _______ 8._______ 9. _______ 10. _______

跟蹤導練（六）

短文改錯

During the travel back to my hometown， in the plane， I sat next to an old lady who looked very scary. She closed her eyes and placed her hands in her lap. I thought I might be nervous， so I planned to chat with her to make her to feel relaxed. We talk a lot about our families and experiences. When the flight over， I helped her carry her baggages. She was so grateful about my help that she gave me the big hug. On our way out， we waved goodbye. She kept on turning back to see me unless we couldn’t see each other any long.

書面表達

假定你是李華，你曾發(fā)郵件邀請外教Daniel參加你們班的春游活動，但你把時間和地點弄錯了。請用英語給他寫封郵件說明情況，并向他道歉。內(nèi)容包括：

1．說明情況并道歉；

2．告知正確的時間和地點；

3．希望Daniel能參加春游活動。

注意：

1．詞數(shù)100左右；

2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。

Dear Daniel，

Looking forward to your early reply.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua

背景大鏈接

Heal the World （Excerpt）

治愈世界（節(jié)選）

By Michael Jackson

——邁克爾·杰克遜

There’s a place in your heart

And I know that it is love

And this place could be much brighter than tomorrow

And if you really try

You’ll find there’s no need to cry

In this place， you’ll feel there’s no hurt or sorrow

There are ways to get there

If you care enough for the living

Make a little space

Make a better place

Heal the world

Make it a better place

For you and for me and the entire human race

There are people dying

If you care enough for the living

Make a better place for you and for me

If you want to know why

There’s a love that cannot lie

Love is strong

It only cares for joyful giving

If we try

We shall see

In this bliss we cannot feel fear or dread

We stop existing and start living

Then it feels that always

Love’s enough for us growing

在你心中有個地方

我知道那里充滿了愛

這個地方會比明天更燦爛

如果你真的努力過

你會發(fā)覺不必哭泣

在這個地方，你感覺不到傷痛或煩憂

到這個地方的方法很多

如果你真心關(guān)懷生者

營造一些空間

創(chuàng)造一個更美好的地方

拯救這世界

讓它變得更美好

為你，為我，為了全人類

不斷有人死去

如果你真心關(guān)懷生者

就為你，為我，創(chuàng)造一個更美好的地方

如果你想知道緣由

那是因為有一種愛，它不會說謊

愛是堅強的

愛就是心甘情愿地奉獻

如果我們努力嘗試

我們將會明白

在這幸福中，我們感覺不到絲毫恐懼或畏懼

我們不僅僅是活著，而是真正開始生活

那愛的感覺將延續(xù)下去

愛讓我們不斷成長

作者簡介

邁克爾·杰克遜（1958—2009），美國搖滾音樂家。1971年12月，他發(fā)行了個人首支單曲Got to be there。杰克遜一生中獲得了15項格萊美獎和26項全美音樂獎，在個人獨唱生涯中擁有17支美國冠軍單曲，擁有“最成功的藝術(shù)家”吉尼斯世界紀錄稱號。2010年1月，他被授予格萊美終身成就獎。