文化，溝通的橋梁(2)

本刊試題研究中心

第一部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Tate Modern， London， UK

Together with three other Tate museums， Tate Modern located in London is a national museum of international modern art. It is one of the largest museums of modern and contemporary art in the world. Most of the exhibit items are open to the public for free， only charging for major temporary （臨時(shí)的） exhibitions.

The Louvre， Paris， France

It is the worlds largest and most visited art museum and a historical landmark of Paris. Housed in the Louvre Palace， the museum has been added to many times since its opening in 1793. Its glass pyramid in the main courtyard was designed by Chinese American architect Ieoh Ming Pei， and it later became a signature design of the museum， appearing in the hit thriller The Da Vinci Code starring Tom Hanks and Audrey Tautou.

National Museum of China， Beijing， China

Near Tiananmen Square in Beijing， its one of the largest museums in the world and the second most visited art museum in the world， just after the Louvre. Covering a time span from the Yuanmou Man of 1.7 million years ago to the Qing Dynasty， the museum houses around 1.05 million items—many cannot be found in museums elsewhere.

State Hermitage Museum， St. Petersburg， Russia

The State Hermitage Museum is the second?largest art museum in the world. The public can visit five of the main buildings： Winter Palace， Small Hermitage， Old Hermitage， New Hermitage and Hermitage Theatre. Frequently seen in pop culture， it often appears as a setting for films， TV series， novels and even video games.

1. Tate Modern is attractive partly because? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? .

A. it is a national museum with three branches

B. most of its exhibitions are free of charge

C. its exhibitions range from ancient art to modern art

D. visitors can purchase some wonderful exhibit items

2. What do we know about the Louvre？

A. It often serves as a setting for films.

B. It stays the same as it was when first built.

C. It is the most visited art museum in the world.

D. It was designed by a Chinese French architect.

3. Which museum displays unique items from the Yuanmou Man？

A. Tate Modern， London， UK.

B. The Louvre， Paris， France.

C. National Museum of China， Beijing， China.

D. State Hermitage Museum， St. Petersburg， Russia.

B

Meeting people from another culture can be difficult. From the beginning， people may send the wrong signal. Or they may pay no attention to signals from another person who is trying to develop a relationship.

Different cultures emphasize the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree. For example， business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust. Even with people at work， it is necessary to spend a lot of time on “small talk”， before they do any job. In many European countries—like the UK or France—people find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or cafes rather than in the office.

Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures. I once made a speech in Thailand. I had expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion; instead there was an uncomfortable silence. The people present just stared at me and smiled. After getting to know their ways better， I realized that they thought I was talking too much. In my own culture， we express meaning mainly through words， but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary.

Even within Northern Europe， cultural differences can cause serious problems. Certainly， English and German cultures share similar values; however， Germans prefer to get down to business more quickly. We think that they are rude. In fact， this is just because one culture starts discussions and makes decisions more quickly.

People from different parts of the world have different values， and sometimes these values are quite against each other. However， if we can understand them better， a multicultural environment （多元文化環(huán)境） will offer a wonderful chance to us to learn from each other.

4. In some countries， eating together at restaurants may make it easier for people to? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? .

A. develop lasting relationships B. share the same culture

C. get to know each other D. keep each other company

5. Why does the author mention his experience in Thailand？

A. To show people prefer to make long speeches.

B. To explain too many words are of no use.

C. To imply people from Thailand are quiet and shy by nature.

D. To prove even talk and silence can be culturally different.

6. According to the text， how can people from different cultures understand each other better？

A. By sharing different ways of life.

B. By accepting different habits.

C. By recognizing different values.

D. By speaking each others languages.

7. What would be the best title for the text？

A. Multicultural environment B. Cross?cultural differences

C. How to understand each other D. How to build up a relationship

C

Golden eagle talons （爪） may have been of symbolic value to Neanderthals （尼安德特人） who lived 130，000 years ago， according to a new study.

Researchers found that prehistoric humans were hunting eagles for their talons and feathers rather than for their meat， like they did other birds， such as crows.

Eagle bones and talons have been found across dozens of sites in central and western Europe occupied by both Neanderthals and humans. Researchers looked at how frequently eagle bones were found in prehistoric human sites to see if they were more common among Neanderthal societies. The team not only found golden eagle remains at 26 sites， but that they had cut marks along the wing bones， suggesting that the feathers were carefully calculated. Three eagle talons with small matching cuts were found in a Neanderthal site， suggesting they were threaded on a necklace.

The findings suggest that the bones were used to decorate necklaces， making it more believable that Neanderthals led much more advanced lives than researchers originally thought. Before Neanderthals disappeared， they co?existed with humans who came from Europe around forty thousand years ago. It was assumed that Neanderthals finally disappeared because humans were smarter， but according to the new research by the Gibraltar National Museum， this wasnt the case.

To see if this was just because golden eagles were more common at the time， researchers compared the marked bones with those unmarked ones found in caves. The team said that golden eagle talons stood out as being “more likely” to show marks from human involvement， indicating that they were preferred.

“If youre doing things with feathers and claws， its going beyond purely functional and theres something symbolic there，” said Clive Finlayson at the Gibraltar National Museum. “Everywhere there are historic examples of people using eagles， they were treated as a symbolic species，” David Frayer of the University of Kansas told New Scientist. “Neanderthals werent treating eagles as meat， like they did crows， but they were choosing them for talons and feathers. I think thats a strong piece of evidence that Neanderthals had the same kinds of feelings about eagles as more recent people.”

8. Why did Neanderthals hunt golden eagles？

A. To eat their meat.

B. To show their belief.

C. To cut marks to record things.

D. To make decorations on their necklaces.

9. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 3 refer to？

A. Neanderthals. B. Researchers.

C. The remains. D. Golden eagles.

10. What can we know about Neanderthals from the text？

A. Neanderthals civilization developed higher than once assumed.

B. Neanderthals didnt eat crows because of their symbolic value.

C. Neanderthals sites were occupied by humans from Europe.

D. Neanderthals preferred golden eagles meat.

11. Whats the main idea of the text？

A. Golden eagles accelerated the extinction of Neanderthals.

B. Neanderthals used golden eagle talons for decoration.

C. Golden eagles had a symbolic meaning to Neanderthals.

D. Neanderthals made a difference in human development.

D

The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silence may be thoughtful， or it may be empty when a person has nothing to say. Silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness， or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore， attempts may be made to fill every gap （間隙） with conversations. People in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary to understand a persons needs.

Many native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people， just as some traditional Chinese and Thai people do. Therefore， when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops， what maybe implied （暗示） is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures， silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways， particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example， Russian， French， and Spanish people may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However， Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use， people in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect， particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other caregivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

12. What does the author say about silence in conversations？

A. It implies anger. B. It promotes friendship.

C. It is culture?specific. D. It is content?based.

13. Who might regard silence as a call for careful thought？

A. Chinese. B. The French.

C. Mexicans. D. Russians.

14. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence？

A. Let it continue as patients please.

B. Break it while treating patients.

C. Evaluate its harm to patients.

D. Make use of its healing effects.

15. What may be the best title for the text？

A. Sound and silence B. What it means to be silent

C. Silence to native Americans D. Speech is silver; silence is gold

第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Modern communication technology is bringing the world closer every day to overcome cultural differences. Today， many of us plan to travel to a different country for study or business.? ? 16? ? Here are a couple of tips on how to help bridge the gap between cultures.

Read up on the culture well be encountering. Every country in the world， old or new， has a rich and storied history. They celebrate their own holidays， cook national dishes， listen to their own styles of music and wear clothes appropriate for their cultures.? ? 17? ? Not only will it be personally enriching， but it will also give us a way to connect with the local people.

Learn the language.? ? 18? ? Well， the fact that almost everyone can already speak English makes learning a foreign language all the more impressive. Even if we can only speak a few key phrases， it shows that were making an effort to bridge the cultural gap.

Be patient. Unfortunately， no matter how much we research a country or how well we know the language， there will always be some culture shock and confusion. Words， actions or gestures that are not offensive （冒犯的） to us can be very offensive to someone from another culture， and vice versa （反之亦然）.? ? 19

Keep an open mind. When I learn a new language， or study the history of a culture Im unfamiliar with， I think of it as exploring a new world. There are so many things that make each culture unique.? ? 20? ? Always try to think about how they see things from their cultural perspective （視角）; doing so will give us a better understanding of their corner of the world.

A. Why should we make the effort to bridge the gap？

B. We have to be open to trying and learning new things.

C. Why should we spend more time learning a whole new language？

D. When this happens， it is important to stay patient and be accepting.

E. Showing off our knowledge of the local customs will make us popular.

F. Take time to search for the history and customs of the country well be visiting.

G. Thus， we must always be prepared to encounter and overcome cultural differences.

第二部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

I still remember how my parents tried to cheer me up at Logan Airport 8 years ago when I was in tears while waiting in line. I was? ? ?21? ? ?my year abroad in Finland， pretending to be brave while actually feeling? ? 22? ?.

What I didnt? ? 23? ? when I decided to go abroad was that I would meet people who would? ? 24? ? the way I thought about life and the world. I? ? 25? ? didnt expect to still be learning，? ? 26? ? and changing as much as I am 8 years later because of that experience.

The biggest way being an exchange student? ? 27? ? my life was through the people I met. I never would have come into contact with these friends from Finland and around the world? ? 28? ?， and Im still in touch with them now. Spending time with them helped change my? ? 29? ? greatly and helped me make some big decisions that led me to a point where I am? ? 30? ? a career that Im passionate about， improving my quality of life and? ? 31? ? considering a big move！

Throughout my travels， I was continuously? ? 32? ? at how the people I was traveling with were those I met 8 years ago. It feels like weve never been apart. The? ? 33? ? have withstood （經(jīng)受?。?8 years and countless miles， and will continue to last.

Being an exchange student changed my life. The? ? 34? ? I had and the bonds I formed while living far away from? ? 35? ? and beyond my comfort zone in a foreign country really shaped me for the better.

21. A. returning from? ? B. stopping at? ? ? ? C. leaving for? ? ? ? D. arriving at

22. A. calm? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. frightened? ? ? C. angry? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. excited

23. A. avoid? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. believe? ? ? C. prefer? ? ? ? D. expect

24. A. change? ? ? ? ? ? B. develop? ? ? C. follow? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. favor

25. A. hardly? ? ? ? ? ? B. frequently? ? ? ? C. definitely? ? ? D. surprisingly

26. A. competing? ? ? ? B. growing? ? C. playing? ? ? ? ? D. wandering

27. A. saved? ? ? ? ? ? B. wasted? ? ? C. impacted? ? ? ? ? D. ruined

28. A. anyway? ? ? ? ? B. instead? C. then? ? ? ? ? D. otherwise

29. A. perspective? ? B. lifestyle? ? ? C. character? ? ? ? D. appearance

30. A. imagining? ? ? B. quitting? ? ? C. ending? ? ? ? ? ? D. pursuing

31. A. just? ? ? ? ? ? B. still? ? C. seldom? ? ? ? ? ? D. even

32. A. disappointed? ? B. embarrassed? ? ? C. shocked? ? ? D. puzzled

33. A. friendships? ? ? B. conversations? ? C. promises? ? ? D. secrets

34. A. dreams? ? ? ? B. pressures? ? C. experiences? ? ? D. problems

35. A. ordinariness? ? ? B. familiarity C. loneliness D. anxiety

第二節(jié) （共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

The number of international students 36.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?search of higher education in China has been increasing in the past ten years. Many foreign students think highly of Wuhan University in Hubei Province， for the exposure to 37.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（it） academic and social environment brings them long?lasting benefits.

Goh Qian Xuan from Singapore 38.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（select） to be president of the Wuhan University Singaporean Student Association and the Chinese Language and Literature Student Union during her four years of study in Wuhan， 39.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?gave her the chance to work 40.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（close） with students from other countries. “I didnt come to Wuhan just 41.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（get） good grades，” Goh says. “Being part of the local student communities and seeing how things are done have really helped me to better understand Chinese people and China.”

The university also offers 42.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?variety of activities to them. Goh says she felt 43.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（little） like a foreign student only after a year in the student union.“The environment is truly good for Chinese studies，” she says. “The four 44.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（amaze） years I spent in Wuhan has helped to build a strong foundation for my life and career. This experience has proved many of my former 45.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（idea） wrong as I now understand the main reasons behind the Chinese ways to deal with certain matters.”

第三部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié) （滿分15分）

假定你是李華，你校計(jì)劃組織留學(xué)生參加在市文化廣場(chǎng)舉辦的中國(guó)民俗文化活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你代表學(xué)生會(huì)寫一則通知，內(nèi)容包括：

1. 活動(dòng)時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；

2. 活動(dòng)內(nèi)容；

3. 活動(dòng)目的及意義。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)80左右；

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Notice

The Students Union

第二節(jié) （滿分25分）

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

It was a beautiful sunny day. The Bonds boarded their boat for a carefree day trip to Dove Island for some fishing as a family custom. Thomas Bond， a 30?year?old construction worker， loved the sport， especially catching bass （鱸魚） and had impressed on his oldest daughter， Lizzy， a love of the outdoors， teaching her how to bait （下誘餌） a hook and cast a line and brave the waves.

The family spent the day fishing in the vast ocean， and then left the island in the early evening. Upon setting off from the shore， they found thick fog rolling in. Lizzy fell into a light sleep beside her five?year?old sister， Molly， at a table on the boats lower deck （甲板）. Their fathers sharp orders woke her up， “Get out of the boat. The boats sinking！” Lizzy pushed her sister into the cold dark water. Both girls wore life jackets. The adults did not. The girls were followed by their mother， Petra Bond， who was expecting a baby at that time. Within seconds， the boat was damaged and was left just the tip of its bow in the air.

Looking into the faces of her father， mother， and sister， Lizzy wasnt frightened. After some time， her father told them he would swim for help. “Ill be back，” he said before disappearing into the darkness.

“Dad is like the superhero to me. I believe he will get help to rescue us，” Lizzy said to herself. After some time， her mother became quiet and stopped swimming. Lizzy wrapped a rope around her mothers chest and tied her to the boat so she wouldnt float away. Then her sister fell quiet too and she stayed beside her.

To keep herself awake， Lizzy daydreamed about what they would do after they were rescued. They would stay in a hotel， order room service， and lie comfortably under the blankets in bed， cozy and warm.

注意：續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。

Paragraph 1：

After several hours， Lizzy heard her name called in the distance.

Paragraph 2：

On the coast， an ambulance was waiting for them.